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Bars of metallic composite material made by unidirectional solidification
CA, USA) US Pat4 446 173 (1 May 1984) A laminate is formed by first coating an electrogalvanized zinc-coated metal foil (Cu, AL A g Au, Ta or Ti foil) with polyester resin, then adding a glass fibre mat to the resin, heating the resin layer to partially gel it and then applying pressure and curing. Laminates comprising prepregs metal clad Miyadera, Y. et al (Hitachi Chemical C o m p a n y Ltd and Hitachi Ltd, both of Tokyo, Japan) US Pat4 446 191 (1 May 1984) Prepregs of 30-95 vet % aromatic polyamide fibre and 5-70 wt % glass fibres in a resin are laminated together via metal foil. Asbestos-free friction materials Okubo, H.S., Albertson, C.E. and Nibert' R.K. (Borg-Wagner Corporation, Chicago, IL, USA) US Pat4 446 201 (1 May 1984) This material contains aromatic polyamide fibres, 3-15 parts antimony sulphide and 7-30 parts copper oxide in a binder. Dimensionally. woven composites (Kidwell, W.J., Port Angeles, WA" USA) USPat4 #48 832 (15 May 1984) A three-dimensional woven composite contains a bundle of elongated graphite threads connected at a central point and extending outwards from that point to form regular octahedronal and tetrahedronal linkages. The basic geometric structure may be extended. Graphite fiber reinforced laminate structure capable of withstanding lightning strikes McClenahan, D.H. and Plumer, J.m. (Lear Fan Corporation, Reno, NV, USA) USPat4 448 838 (15 May 1984) This laminate has metal wire or metal-coated filament woven in the warp and fill directions of a graphite fibre outer layer to facilitate the distribution of electric currents throughout the laminate. Rock wool composite material Yamaya, E et al (Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd, Tokyo; Nippon Aroma Co Ltd and Nitto Boske, both of Fukushima; all of Japan) US Pat 4 448 921 (15 May 1984) This composite material contains fine rock wool of diameter 1-10 p.m and length 70-500/xm in an aromatic polyamide or aromatic polyamideimide matrix- The weight ratio of rock wool to polymer is in the range 10:90 to 90:10. Glass fiber-reinforced cement plates Takeuchi, S. (Kurimoto Iron Works Ltd, Osaka, Japan) US Pat4 450 128 (22 May 1984) A bottom layer of glass fibres, having a sublayer of chopped glass fibres and one of continuous fibres, is vibrated while a hydraulic cement is added. The cement permeates the glass fibres and forms an intermediate layer above them. A further two sublayers of glass fibres are added to the intermediate layer, which permeates into this top layer and bonds it to the bottom layer. Polytetrafiuoroethylene-impregnated bundles of sized glass fibres Hager, T.P. and Ferguson, LW. (OwensCorning Fiberglas Corporation, Toledo, OH, USA) US Pat 4 450 197 (22 May 1984) A bundle of glass fibres, each individually coated with a starch/lubricant size, is impregnated with an aqueous mixture of an emulsified PTFE resin, an emulsified acrylic resin, a thickening agent and an organosilane.
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The wet bundle is drawn through a stripper die to remove excess impregnant, thereby enhancing penetration of the impregnant into the interstices of the bundle. Fiber reinforced metal type composite material with high purity aluminum alloy containing magnesium us matrix metal Donomoto, T. et al (Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 450207(22 May 1984) Fibres of alumina, carbon or mixtures thereof are used to reinforce a matrix of aluminium alloy which contains 4.5% M g <0.2% each of Cu and Ti, and <0.5% each of Si, Zn, Fe and Mn. Reinforced plastic composite structure Sadler, T.H. and Dalton, J.J. (Manville Service Corporation, Denver, CO, USA) US Pat 4 450 873 (29 May 1984) A structure comprising fibres in a polymer matrix has Portland cement, marble dust or mixtures thereof dispersed throughout the resin matrix. At least 80% of the particles have a diameter of 10-70 btm. Conformable metal-clad laminate Olyphant Jr, M. (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St P a u l MN, USA) US Pat 4 451 527 (29 May 1984) A metal-clad laminate comprises two layers of glass cloth reinforcement in a low-loss, dielectric polymeric material. The metal foil is separated from the nearest glass cloth layer by a band of polymer at least 0.18 m m thick. Resin-impregnated fibre composite materials and a process for their manufacture Andersson, B. (KemaNord AB, Stockholm, Sweden) US Pat4 451 585 (29 May 1984) A curable resin and unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres containing a volatile, liquid blowing agent are applied to separate, free fibres, The mixture is heated to expand the microspheres and the agglomerate collected and cured. Amorphous metal composites Byrne, M.A. and Lupinski, J.H. (United States Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat4 452 938 (5 June 1984) A rigid amorphous metal composite with a packing factor of >60% comprises essentially amorphous metal and thermosetting polymer binder of molecular weight 1000-5000. Expandable ceramic fiber felt with graphite flakes Katagiri, M. (Isolite Babcock Refractories Co Ltd, Aichi, Japan) US Pat 4 454 190 (12 June 1984) Ceramic fibres and expandable graphite flakes 0.5-2 m m in size, oriented parallel to the ceramic fibres, are present in an organic binder matrix. Reinforced plastics with porous resin fragments Suzuki, H., Mizukami, C. and Sato Y. (Junkosha Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 454 249 (12 June 1984) A reinforced fluoroplastic resin matrix also contains stretched PTFE fragments, Conductive laminate sheet material and method of preparation Berbeco, G.R. (Charleswater Products Ltd, West Newton, MA" USA) US Pat 4 455 350 (19 June 1984) A laminate suitable as a surface covering is
formed from ~esin-coating fibrous sheets which contain an amount of polyalkylene glycol to provide a top surface resistivity of 10TM D,/sq in when tested in accordance with ASTMD257. Glass fiber reinforced polyvinyl composition Budich, W. et al (Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft, Troisdorf, FRG) US Pat 4 455 398 (19 June 1984) This composition contains 100 parts by weight (pbw) PVC resin, 5-100 pbw glass fibres of diameter 5-25 p m and length < 12 mm, 5.25 pbw mineral filler with average particle diameter <50 p.m and Young's modulus in the extrusion direction of an extruded product >8000 MPa at 23°C, and conventional additives. Composite material including alpha alumina fibers Donomoto, T. et al (Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 457 979 (3 July 1984) Alumina fibres, formed from at least 80 wt % alumina with the remainder essentially silica and having an ot alumina content of 5-60 wt%. are used to reinforce aluminium, magnesium and their alloys. Bars of metallic composite material made by unidirectional solidification Hauser, J.-M., Pautonnier, F. and Rabinovitch, M. (Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales, Chatillon, France) US Pat 4 459 161 (10 July 1984) The bars have a complex matrix of nickel- and/ or iron- and/or cobalt-based superalloy (containing chromium and optionally tungsten and aluminium) and a reinforcing phase of at least one transition metal mono-carbide in the form of monocrystalline fibres. Made by unidirectional solidification, the bars have constant metallic composition and metallurgical structure and therefore constant mechanical properties, Metal-resin composite Tanaka, A. et al (Toyo Kohan Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat4 459 333 (10 July 1984) This composite comprises a metal article with two adherent resin/particle layers. The first outermost layer, 0.5-500 p,m thick, comprises a specified resin and a specified paniculate metal oxide of size <10 p,m. The second layer is adjacent to the metal and comprises a cured resin and different particles than those in the first layer. Fibrous composite materials and the production and use thereof Briggs, P.J. and McAloon, K. (Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, London, England) US Pat 4 472 478 (18 September 1984) This material comprises at least 15 weight % non-combustible fibres and at least 20 wt % lamellae of chemically delaminated vermiculite. The lamellae have a thickness of 0.5 /xm and an aspect ratio of at least 10, and bond the fibres together. Composite material composed of clay mineral and organic high polymer and method for producing the same Kamigaito, I., Fukushima, Y. and Doi, H. (Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho, Aichi, Japan) US Pat 4 472 538 (18 September 1984)
COMPOSITES. OCTOBER 1985
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The wet bundle is drawn through a stripper die to remove excess impregnant, thereby enhancing penetration of the impregnant into the interstices of the bundle. Fiber reinforced metal type composite material with high purity aluminum alloy containing magnesium us matrix metal Donomoto, T. et al (Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 450207(22 May 1984) Fibres of alumina, carbon or mixtures thereof are used to reinforce a matrix of aluminium alloy which contains 4.5% M g <0.2% each of Cu and Ti, and <0.5% each of Si, Zn, Fe and Mn. Reinforced plastic composite structure Sadler, T.H. and Dalton, J.J. (Manville Service Corporation, Denver, CO, USA) US Pat 4 450 873 (29 May 1984) A structure comprising fibres in a polymer matrix has Portland cement, marble dust or mixtures thereof dispersed throughout the resin matrix. At least 80% of the particles have a diameter of 10-70 btm. Conformable metal-clad laminate Olyphant Jr, M. (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St P a u l MN, USA) US Pat 4 451 527 (29 May 1984) A metal-clad laminate comprises two layers of glass cloth reinforcement in a low-loss, dielectric polymeric material. The metal foil is separated from the nearest glass cloth layer by a band of polymer at least 0.18 m m thick. Resin-impregnated fibre composite materials and a process for their manufacture Andersson, B. (KemaNord AB, Stockholm, Sweden) US Pat4 451 585 (29 May 1984) A curable resin and unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres containing a volatile, liquid blowing agent are applied to separate, free fibres, The mixture is heated to expand the microspheres and the agglomerate collected and cured. Amorphous metal composites Byrne, M.A. and Lupinski, J.H. (United States Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat4 452 938 (5 June 1984) A rigid amorphous metal composite with a packing factor of >60% comprises essentially amorphous metal and thermosetting polymer binder of molecular weight 1000-5000. Expandable ceramic fiber felt with graphite flakes Katagiri, M. (Isolite Babcock Refractories Co Ltd, Aichi, Japan) US Pat 4 454 190 (12 June 1984) Ceramic fibres and expandable graphite flakes 0.5-2 m m in size, oriented parallel to the ceramic fibres, are present in an organic binder matrix. Reinforced plastics with porous resin fragments Suzuki, H., Mizukami, C. and Sato Y. (Junkosha Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 454 249 (12 June 1984) A reinforced fluoroplastic resin matrix also contains stretched PTFE fragments, Conductive laminate sheet material and method of preparation Berbeco, G.R. (Charleswater Products Ltd, West Newton, MA" USA) US Pat 4 455 350 (19 June 1984) A laminate suitable as a surface covering is
formed from ~esin-coating fibrous sheets which contain an amount of polyalkylene glycol to provide a top surface resistivity of 10TM D,/sq in when tested in accordance with ASTMD257. Glass fiber reinforced polyvinyl composition Budich, W. et al (Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft, Troisdorf, FRG) US Pat 4 455 398 (19 June 1984) This composition contains 100 parts by weight (pbw) PVC resin, 5-100 pbw glass fibres of diameter 5-25 p m and length < 12 mm, 5.25 pbw mineral filler with average particle diameter <50 p.m and Young's modulus in the extrusion direction of an extruded product >8000 MPa at 23°C, and conventional additives. Composite material including alpha alumina fibers Donomoto, T. et al (Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 457 979 (3 July 1984) Alumina fibres, formed from at least 80 wt % alumina with the remainder essentially silica and having an ot alumina content of 5-60 wt%. are used to reinforce aluminium, magnesium and their alloys. Bars of metallic composite material made by unidirectional solidification Hauser, J.-M., Pautonnier, F. and Rabinovitch, M. (Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales, Chatillon, France) US Pat 4 459 161 (10 July 1984) The bars have a complex matrix of nickel- and/ or iron- and/or cobalt-based superalloy (containing chromium and optionally tungsten and aluminium) and a reinforcing phase of at least one transition metal mono-carbide in the form of monocrystalline fibres. Made by unidirectional solidification, the bars have constant metallic composition and metallurgical structure and therefore constant mechanical properties, Metal-resin composite Tanaka, A. et al (Toyo Kohan Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat4 459 333 (10 July 1984) This composite comprises a metal article with two adherent resin/particle layers. The first outermost layer, 0.5-500 p,m thick, comprises a specified resin and a specified paniculate metal oxide of size <10 p,m. The second layer is adjacent to the metal and comprises a cured resin and different particles than those in the first layer. Fibrous composite materials and the production and use thereof Briggs, P.J. and McAloon, K. (Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, London, England) US Pat 4 472 478 (18 September 1984) This material comprises at least 15 weight % non-combustible fibres and at least 20 wt % lamellae of chemically delaminated vermiculite. The lamellae have a thickness of 0.5 /xm and an aspect ratio of at least 10, and bond the fibres together. Composite material composed of clay mineral and organic high polymer and method for producing the same Kamigaito, I., Fukushima, Y. and Doi, H. (Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho, Aichi, Japan) US Pat 4 472 538 (18 September 1984)
COMPOSITES. OCTOBER 1985