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Behavioral and cognitive data in mice with different tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes knocked out
Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Data in Brief journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib
Data Article
Behavioral and cognitive data in mice with different tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes knocked out Lay Khoon Too a,n, Kong M. Li b, Cacang Suarna c, Ghassan J. Maghzal c, Roland Stocker c, Iain S. McGregor d, Nicholas H. Hunt a a Molecular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia b Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia c Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, 2010, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia d School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
a r t i c l e i n f o
abstract
Article history: Received 25 July 2016 Received in revised form 25 August 2016 Accepted 30 August 2016 Available online 6 September 2016
This article demonstrates behavioral changes in mice in response to free adaptation and drinking session adaptation modules implemented in their social home environment, the IntelliCage. These data complement the study “Deletion of TDO2, IDO-1 and IDO-2 differentially affects mouse behavior and cognitive function” (Too LK, Li KM, Suarna C, Maghzal GJ, Stocker R, McGregor IS, et al., 2016) [1]. Prior to programmed drinking sessions, all mice were exposed to a home cage adaptation module during which there was no time limit on water access – the free adaptation module. The exploratory behaviors are here expressed as percentages of visits with nosepokes and of visits with licks. The measurements by percentage of exploratory activity showed minimal genotype effects. The number of nosepokes or licks per corner visit also was compared between WT and gene knockout (GKO) IDO1 mice, WT and GKO IDO2 mice and WT and GKO TDO2 mice and demonstrated unremarkable behavioral changes during the free adaptation module. Analysis of drinking session adaptation behavior
n
DOI of original article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.018 Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (L.K. Too).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.071 2352-3409/& 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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showed no genotype effect between WT and GKO of IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 background. Notwithstanding the absence of genotype differences, each IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 animal group displayed a specific pattern of adaptation to the drinking session modules. Furthermore, IDO1 GKO mice showed a more rapid recovery of lick frequency to the baseline level compared to the WT equivalents in a simple patrolling task during the first complete testing cycle (R1). TDO2 GKO mice on the other hand did not differ from their WT equivalents in terms of lick frequency over the three test days of complex patrolling and discrimination reversal tasks. Lastly, IDO2 GKO mice reduced their visits to the permanently non-rewarding reference corners by the same degree as did the WT mice. & 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Specifications Table Subject area More specific subject area Type of data How data were acquired Data format Experimental factors Experimental features Data source location Data accessibility
Psychology Mouse behavior and cognition Figures IntelliCage™ (New Behavior AG, Zurich, Switzerland; http://www.new behavior.com) Analyzed, graphed Genetic engineering to eliminate one of the three tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes – IDO1, IDO2 and TDO2 – in mice. Behavioral analysis of mice subjected to adaptation and learning modules in the IntelliCage The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Data are with this article
Value of the data
The experimental approach and data allow comparative evaluation of baseline nosepoking and
licking behaviors as percentages of total corner visit frequency, and nosepoke or lick frequency in every visit, of mice with or without a functional IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 gene. The data are valuable for understanding behavioral adaptation to the introduction of fixed drinking sessions (i.e. availability of water as a reward) by mice deficient in the IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 genes. The data make clear that the genetic background of different mice may influence adaptative behavior to the drinking sessions more than the gene modifications tested, emphasizing that studies with GKO mice must employ WT mice of the identical strain. It is shown that mice deficient in IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 enzymes exhibit different cognitive changes compared to their WT equivalents, which is relevant to understanding the role of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in behavioral adaptation.
1. Data The current data show distinct behaviors of WT and GKO mice deficient in the IDO1 (Figs. 1, 4 and 7), IDO2 (Figs. 2, 5 and 8) or TDO2 (Figs. 3, 6 and 9) genes when they were subjected to a drinking
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
Light phase
100
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
R1
**
80 60 40 20
R2 80 60 40 20 0
0 IDO1 WT
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
10
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group 10
* % Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
277
8 6 4 2 0
8 6 4 2 0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
*
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
Dark phase
60 40 20
80 60 40 20 0
0 IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
***
20
% Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
25
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
20 15 10 5 0
15 10 5 0
IDO1+/+
IDO1-/-
Mouse group
IDO1+/+
IDO1-/-
Mouse group
Fig. 1. IDO1 deficiency causes reduction in percent visits with nosepokes and visits with licks in mice after 5 h of free adaptation in R1 and R2 during the light and dark phases. Deficiency of IDO1 resulted in a significant decrease in percent visits with nosepokes in R1 after 5 h of exploration in the light (a) and dark (e) phase of free adaptation, but not in R2 (b, f). Likewise, IDO1 GKO mice made proportionally less visits with licks in R1 compared to their WT counterparts during the light (c) and dark (g) phase. A significant genotype effect was not observed in R2 in terms of percent visits with licks (d, h). Data are mean 7 SEM. *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***po 0.001, unpaired t-test with Welch's correction in the event of unequal variances. Total n¼16 mice per WT or GKO group.
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Light phase
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
R1
60 40 20 0
80 60 40 20 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group 10
% Visit with lick(s)
2.5
% Visit with lick(s)
R2
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5
8 6 4 2 0
0.0 IDO2 WT
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group
**
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
Dark phase
60 40 20 0
80 60 40 20 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
15
20
% Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
10
5
0
15 10 5 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 2. IDO2 deficiency is associated with minimal change in exploratory activity by percentage of total visit frequency after 5 h of free adaptation during the dark phase of R1. Percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of exploration in the light phase during R1 (a) and R2 (b) were not significantly different between WT and GKO mice. There was also no significant genotype effect on percent visits with licks after 5 h of exploration in light phase during R1 (c) and R2 (d). Deficiency of IDO2 resulted in a significant increase in percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of nocturnal exploration in R1 (e), but not in R2 (f). A significant genotype effect was however not observed in both R1 (g) and R2 (h) in terms of percent visits with licks during the dark phase (d, h). Data are mean 7SEM. **p o0.01, unpaired t-test with Welch's correction in the event of unequal variances. Total n ¼16 mice per WT or GKO group.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
Light phase % Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
R1 100 80 60 40 20
TDO2 WT
80 60 40 20
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group
*
10
% Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
R2
0
0
6
279
4
2
0
8 6 4 2 0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
Dark phase
60 40 20 0
80 60 40 20 0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group 40
% Visit with lick(s)
20
% Visit with lick(s)
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
15 10 5 0
30 20 10 0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 3. TDO2 deficiency is associated with minimal change in exploratory activity as measured by percentage of total visit frequency after 5 h of free adaptation during the light phase of R1. Percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of exploration in the light phase during R1 (a) and R2 (b) was not significantly different between WT and GKO mice. A significant genotype effect on percent visits with licks after 5 h of diurnal exploration was observed in R1 (c), but not in R2 (d). Deficiency of TDO2 did not affect percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of nocturnal exploration in R1 (e) and R2 (f). A significant genotype effect also was not observed in either R1 (g) or R2 (h) in terms of percent visits with licks during the dark phase (d, h). Data are mean 7 SEM. *po 0.05, unpaired t-test with Welch's correction in the event of unequal variances. Total n ¼18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
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R1
R2 Light phase
***
2.0
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
3
2
1
0
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
2.5
1.5
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
2.0 1.5 1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5 0.0
0.0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
Dark phase 2.0
2.0
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
2.5
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
8
10 8
6
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
6 4
4 2
2
0
0 IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 4. IDO1 deficiency is associated with minimal change in average number of nosepokes in every visit after 5 h of free adaptation. The average number of nosepokes per diurnal visit was significantly lower in GKO than WT mice in R1 (a) but not in R2 (b). The average number of licks in every diurnal visit was however not significantly different between GKO and WT mice in R1 (c) and R2 (d). In the dark phase, IDO1 deficiency did not alter the average number of nosepokes made by mice in every visit in both R1 (e) and R2 (f). Likewise, there was no significant genotype effect on the average number of licks per visits made by mice during the dark phase of R1 (g) and R2 (h). Percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of exploration in the light phase during R1 (a) and R2 (b) was not significantly different between WT and GKO mice. A significant genotype effect on percent visits with licks after 5 h of diurnal exploration was observed in R1 (c), but not in R2 (d). Deficiency of TDO2 did not affect percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of nocturnal exploration in R1 (e) and R2 (f). Data are mean 7 SEM. ***p o0.001, Mann–Whitney test. Total n¼ 16 WT and n ¼16 GKO mice.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
R1
281
R2 Light phase 1. 5
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
3
2
1
0
1. 0
0. 5
0. 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group 0.8
0.15
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
0.6 0.10
0.05
0.4 0.2 0.0
0.00 IDO2 WT
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group
Dark phase 1.5
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
1.0
0.5
0.0 IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
5
4
4
3
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
3 2
2 1
1 0
0 IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 5. IDO2 deficiency does not change the average number of nosepokes or licks in every visit made by mice after 5 h of exploration in the free adaptation period. The average number of nosepokes or licks per diurnal visit made by WT mice was not significantly different from GKO mice in R1 and R2 (a–d). During the dark phase, a significant genotype effect comparing WT and GKO mice also was absent in both R1 and R2 in terms of the average number of nosepokes or licks per nocturnal visit (e–g). Data are mean 7 SEM. Mann–Whitney test. Total n¼ 16 WT and n¼ 16 GKO mice.
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R1
Light phase 2.5
3
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
4
R2
2 1 0
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group 1.5
0.8
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
0.6 0.4
1.0
0.5
0.2 0.0
0.0 TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
Dark phase
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
10
10
8
8
6 4 2
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
Mouse group
6 4 2
0
0 TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 6. TDO2 deficiency does not affect the average number of nosepokes or licks in every visit made by mice after 5 h of exploration in the free adaptation period. The average number of nosepokes or licks per diurnal visit made by WT mice was not significantly different from GKO mice in R1 and R2 (a–d). During the dark phase, a significant genotype effect comparing WT and GKO mice also was absent in both R1 and R2 in terms of the average number of nosepokes or licks per nocturnal visit (e–g). Data are mean 7 SEM. Mann–Whitney test. Total n¼ 18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
IDO1 WT
283
IDO1 GKO
Drinking session R1
R2 150
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
day 1
50
0
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
0
day 1
50
100
Baseline
Visit frequency
100
Baseline
Visit frequency
150
Non-drinking session R2
150 100
0
day 2
50
day 1
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
0
day 1
50
*** **
Baseline
100
** ***
day 2
Visit frequency
200
day 1
*** **
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
**
Baseline
R1 200
Fig. 7. Corner visit frequency of IDO1 WT and GKO mice during drinking and non-drinking sessions in R1 and R2. In comparison to the day before drinking sessions were executed (“baseline”), in both R1 (a) and R2 (b) the IDO1 WT and GKO mice maintained the same level of corner visit frequency throughout the drinking sessions. However, they significantly increased their corner visits during non-drinking sessions on the first day, then decreased them on the next day, in R1 (c) and R2 (d), implying that they had become aware that water rewards were not available in some sessions. The visit frequency of test day 1 or 2 was compared to that on the previous day by repeated contrast. The data (mean 7 SEM) showed no significant genotype effect at each level of repeated contrast. *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***po 0.001, repeated contrast. Total n ¼16 mice per WT or GKO group.
session test module in the IntelliCage system. In addition, the lick frequency of mice when subjected to cognitive tests was compared between the WT and GKO of IDO1 mice (Fig. 10) as well as between the WT and GKO of TDO2 (Fig. 11) mice to evaluate the reward-driven behavior that was potentially associated with the altered cognitive performance. Moreover, the percentage of reference visits made by WT and GKO IDO2 mice in simple patrolling was compared (Fig. 12), to provide additional data to support the observed genotype effect on this parameter in the complex patrolling task (see Fig. 5 in Ref [1]).
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IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Drinking session R1
R2 200
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
50 0
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
0
day 1
50
100
day 1
100
**
***
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
*
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
200
Non-drinking session
100
day 2
day 1
0
Baseline
50
day 2
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
day 1
50
150
day 1
Visit frequency
100
0
** **
** **
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
200
*
Baseline
*
200
Fig. 8. Corner visit frequency of IDO2 WT and GKO mice during drinking and non-drinking sessions in R1 and R2. During the drinking sessions, IDO2 WT mice significantly increased their corner visits in the first day while retaining the same level of corner visits for the next day in both R1 (a) and R2 (b). No significant genotype effect was observed between WT and GKO mice. (c) During non-drinking sessions, both WT and GKO mice significantly increased corner visits only on the first day in R1. (d) However, in R2 they significantly reduced visit activity on the next day, suggesting learned behavior. The visit frequency of test day 1 or 2 was compared to that on the previous day by repeated contrast. *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***po 0.001, repeated contrast. The data (mean7 SEM) showed no significant genotype effect at each level of repeated contrast. Total n¼ 16 WT and n¼ 15 GKO mice.
2. Experimental design, materials and methods The data involve the same set of animals and methods as described [1]. Mice were initially trained with the free adaptation and nosepoke adaptation modules prior to the drinking session adaptation. The three adaptation modules and the cognitive function test modules have been described in detail previously [1].
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
TDO2 WT
285
TDO2 GKO
Drinking session R1
R2
100
Baseline
day 1
day 2
Baseline
day 1
day 2
day 2
day 1
50 0
day 2
day 1
Baseline
Baseline
0
day 2
50
*
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
100
day 1
Visit frequency
*
200
150
Non-drinking session R1 250
***
Visit frequency
***
150 100 50
150 100
day 2
day 1
0
Baseline
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
day 1
0
**
200
50
Baseline
Visit frequency
200
R2
Fig. 9. Corner visit frequency of TDO2 WT and GKO mice during drinking and non-drinking sessions in R1 and R2. (a) Over the 2-day drinking session, in R1, both TDO2 WT and GKO mice retained their corner visit behavior. (b) By contrast, in R2, WT and GKO mice increased corner visit frequency in the 2-day drinking session. There was no significant genotype effect relating to this. (c) Both WT and GKO mice increased corner visits on the first execution of non-drinking session in R1. (d) The increase in corner visits during the non-drinking session on the first test day was observed only in WT mice, but there was no significant genotype effect at each level of repeated contrast. Data showed mean 7 SEM. The visit frequency of test day 1 or 2 was compared to that on the previous day by repeated contrast. *p o0.05, **p o0.01, ***p o 0.001, repeated contrast. Total n¼ 18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
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IDO1 WT IDO1 GKO
SIMPLE PATROLLING
(R1)
#
1000
** 500
0
***
*** **
baseline day 1
(R2)
1000
Lick frequency
Lick frequency
1500
day 2
800 600 * 400
*
200 0
day 3
* **
baseline day 1
day 2
day 3
Fig. 10. IDO1 genotype effect on lick frequency when mice were tested in simple patrolling. The frequency values were reported in R1 (a) and R2 (b). *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***p o 0.001, simple contrast with reference category set at baseline. #p o0.05, genotype x test day simple contrast. Total n¼ 16 mice per WT or GKO group.
TDO2 WT TDO2 GKO
COMPLEX PATROLLING
(R1)
*** 1000
(R2)
1500
**
**
**
500
Lick frequency
Lick frequency
1500
1000
* *
**
**
*
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0
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day 3
day 2
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DISCRIMINATION REVERSAL
(R1)
(R2)
1500
Lick frequency
Lick frequency
1500
1000
500
1000
**
*
500
0
0
baseline day 1
day 2
day 3
baseline day 1
day 2
day 3
Fig. 11. Frequency of licks when TDO2 GKO and WT mice were tested in complex patrolling and discrimination reversal tasks. The frequency values were reported in R1 and R2 of complex patrolling (a, R1; b, R2) and discrimination reversal task (c, R1; d R2). *p o 0.05, **p o0.01, ***p o 0.001, simple contrast with reference category set at baseline. Total n¼ 18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
287
IDO2 WT IDO2 GKO
Reference visit (%)
SIMPLE PATROLLING (R1) Test days
Baseline
40
#
30
##
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##
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##
#
25% chance level # # # # # #
20 10 0
≤25
≤50 ≤75 Total ≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
Test day 2
Test day 3
Test day 1
Reference visit (%)
SIMPLE PATROLLING (R2)
30
Test days
Baseline
40 #
#
#
##
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##
##
# #
25% chance level # # # # # #
20 10 0
≤25
≤50 ≤75 Total ≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total Test day 1
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
Test day 2
Test day 3
Fig. 12. IDO2 genotype effect on reference memory when mice were tested in simple patrolling. The percentage of visits to the reference corner was measured in R1 (a) and R2 (b). A significant genotype effect was absent. #po 0.05, genotype x test day simple contrast. Total n¼ 16 WT and n¼ 15 GKO mice.
Acknowledgments This study was supported by a grant to NHH and ISM by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council. LKT was sponsored by a Scholarship provided by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia. RS received support from an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship. The authors thank A.L. Mellor and H. Funakoshi for providing IDO1 GKO mice and TDO2 heterozygous mice, respectively.
Transparency document. Supplementary material Transparency data associated with this article can be found in the online version at http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.071.
Reference [1] L.K. Too, K.M. Li, C. Suarna, G.J. Maghzal , R. Stocker, I.S. McGregor, et al. Deletion of TDO2, IDO-1 and IDO-2 differentially affects mouse behavior and cognitive function. Behavioural Brain Research, 2016, in press.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Data in Brief journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib
Data Article
Behavioral and cognitive data in mice with different tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes knocked out Lay Khoon Too a,n, Kong M. Li b, Cacang Suarna c, Ghassan J. Maghzal c, Roland Stocker c, Iain S. McGregor d, Nicholas H. Hunt a a Molecular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia b Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia c Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, 2010, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia d School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
a r t i c l e i n f o
abstract
Article history: Received 25 July 2016 Received in revised form 25 August 2016 Accepted 30 August 2016 Available online 6 September 2016
This article demonstrates behavioral changes in mice in response to free adaptation and drinking session adaptation modules implemented in their social home environment, the IntelliCage. These data complement the study “Deletion of TDO2, IDO-1 and IDO-2 differentially affects mouse behavior and cognitive function” (Too LK, Li KM, Suarna C, Maghzal GJ, Stocker R, McGregor IS, et al., 2016) [1]. Prior to programmed drinking sessions, all mice were exposed to a home cage adaptation module during which there was no time limit on water access – the free adaptation module. The exploratory behaviors are here expressed as percentages of visits with nosepokes and of visits with licks. The measurements by percentage of exploratory activity showed minimal genotype effects. The number of nosepokes or licks per corner visit also was compared between WT and gene knockout (GKO) IDO1 mice, WT and GKO IDO2 mice and WT and GKO TDO2 mice and demonstrated unremarkable behavioral changes during the free adaptation module. Analysis of drinking session adaptation behavior
n
DOI of original article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.018 Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (L.K. Too).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.071 2352-3409/& 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
showed no genotype effect between WT and GKO of IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 background. Notwithstanding the absence of genotype differences, each IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 animal group displayed a specific pattern of adaptation to the drinking session modules. Furthermore, IDO1 GKO mice showed a more rapid recovery of lick frequency to the baseline level compared to the WT equivalents in a simple patrolling task during the first complete testing cycle (R1). TDO2 GKO mice on the other hand did not differ from their WT equivalents in terms of lick frequency over the three test days of complex patrolling and discrimination reversal tasks. Lastly, IDO2 GKO mice reduced their visits to the permanently non-rewarding reference corners by the same degree as did the WT mice. & 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Specifications Table Subject area More specific subject area Type of data How data were acquired Data format Experimental factors Experimental features Data source location Data accessibility
Psychology Mouse behavior and cognition Figures IntelliCage™ (New Behavior AG, Zurich, Switzerland; http://www.new behavior.com) Analyzed, graphed Genetic engineering to eliminate one of the three tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes – IDO1, IDO2 and TDO2 – in mice. Behavioral analysis of mice subjected to adaptation and learning modules in the IntelliCage The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Data are with this article
Value of the data
The experimental approach and data allow comparative evaluation of baseline nosepoking and
licking behaviors as percentages of total corner visit frequency, and nosepoke or lick frequency in every visit, of mice with or without a functional IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 gene. The data are valuable for understanding behavioral adaptation to the introduction of fixed drinking sessions (i.e. availability of water as a reward) by mice deficient in the IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 genes. The data make clear that the genetic background of different mice may influence adaptative behavior to the drinking sessions more than the gene modifications tested, emphasizing that studies with GKO mice must employ WT mice of the identical strain. It is shown that mice deficient in IDO1, IDO2 or TDO2 enzymes exhibit different cognitive changes compared to their WT equivalents, which is relevant to understanding the role of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in behavioral adaptation.
1. Data The current data show distinct behaviors of WT and GKO mice deficient in the IDO1 (Figs. 1, 4 and 7), IDO2 (Figs. 2, 5 and 8) or TDO2 (Figs. 3, 6 and 9) genes when they were subjected to a drinking
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
Light phase
100
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
R1
**
80 60 40 20
R2 80 60 40 20 0
0 IDO1 WT
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
10
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group 10
* % Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
277
8 6 4 2 0
8 6 4 2 0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
*
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
Dark phase
60 40 20
80 60 40 20 0
0 IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
***
20
% Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
25
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
20 15 10 5 0
15 10 5 0
IDO1+/+
IDO1-/-
Mouse group
IDO1+/+
IDO1-/-
Mouse group
Fig. 1. IDO1 deficiency causes reduction in percent visits with nosepokes and visits with licks in mice after 5 h of free adaptation in R1 and R2 during the light and dark phases. Deficiency of IDO1 resulted in a significant decrease in percent visits with nosepokes in R1 after 5 h of exploration in the light (a) and dark (e) phase of free adaptation, but not in R2 (b, f). Likewise, IDO1 GKO mice made proportionally less visits with licks in R1 compared to their WT counterparts during the light (c) and dark (g) phase. A significant genotype effect was not observed in R2 in terms of percent visits with licks (d, h). Data are mean 7 SEM. *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***po 0.001, unpaired t-test with Welch's correction in the event of unequal variances. Total n¼16 mice per WT or GKO group.
278
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
Light phase
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
R1
60 40 20 0
80 60 40 20 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group 10
% Visit with lick(s)
2.5
% Visit with lick(s)
R2
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5
8 6 4 2 0
0.0 IDO2 WT
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group
**
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
Dark phase
60 40 20 0
80 60 40 20 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
15
20
% Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
10
5
0
15 10 5 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 2. IDO2 deficiency is associated with minimal change in exploratory activity by percentage of total visit frequency after 5 h of free adaptation during the dark phase of R1. Percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of exploration in the light phase during R1 (a) and R2 (b) were not significantly different between WT and GKO mice. There was also no significant genotype effect on percent visits with licks after 5 h of exploration in light phase during R1 (c) and R2 (d). Deficiency of IDO2 resulted in a significant increase in percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of nocturnal exploration in R1 (e), but not in R2 (f). A significant genotype effect was however not observed in both R1 (g) and R2 (h) in terms of percent visits with licks during the dark phase (d, h). Data are mean 7SEM. **p o0.01, unpaired t-test with Welch's correction in the event of unequal variances. Total n ¼16 mice per WT or GKO group.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
Light phase % Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
R1 100 80 60 40 20
TDO2 WT
80 60 40 20
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group
*
10
% Visit with lick(s)
% Visit with lick(s)
R2
0
0
6
279
4
2
0
8 6 4 2 0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
80
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
% Visit with nosepoke(s)
Dark phase
60 40 20 0
80 60 40 20 0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group 40
% Visit with lick(s)
20
% Visit with lick(s)
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
15 10 5 0
30 20 10 0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 3. TDO2 deficiency is associated with minimal change in exploratory activity as measured by percentage of total visit frequency after 5 h of free adaptation during the light phase of R1. Percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of exploration in the light phase during R1 (a) and R2 (b) was not significantly different between WT and GKO mice. A significant genotype effect on percent visits with licks after 5 h of diurnal exploration was observed in R1 (c), but not in R2 (d). Deficiency of TDO2 did not affect percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of nocturnal exploration in R1 (e) and R2 (f). A significant genotype effect also was not observed in either R1 (g) or R2 (h) in terms of percent visits with licks during the dark phase (d, h). Data are mean 7 SEM. *po 0.05, unpaired t-test with Welch's correction in the event of unequal variances. Total n ¼18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
280
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
R1
R2 Light phase
***
2.0
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
3
2
1
0
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
2.5
1.5
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
2.0 1.5 1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5 0.0
0.0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
Dark phase 2.0
2.0
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
2.5
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
IDO1 WT
Mouse group
8
10 8
6
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
6 4
4 2
2
0
0 IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
IDO1 WT
IDO1 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 4. IDO1 deficiency is associated with minimal change in average number of nosepokes in every visit after 5 h of free adaptation. The average number of nosepokes per diurnal visit was significantly lower in GKO than WT mice in R1 (a) but not in R2 (b). The average number of licks in every diurnal visit was however not significantly different between GKO and WT mice in R1 (c) and R2 (d). In the dark phase, IDO1 deficiency did not alter the average number of nosepokes made by mice in every visit in both R1 (e) and R2 (f). Likewise, there was no significant genotype effect on the average number of licks per visits made by mice during the dark phase of R1 (g) and R2 (h). Percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of exploration in the light phase during R1 (a) and R2 (b) was not significantly different between WT and GKO mice. A significant genotype effect on percent visits with licks after 5 h of diurnal exploration was observed in R1 (c), but not in R2 (d). Deficiency of TDO2 did not affect percent visits with nosepokes after 5 h of nocturnal exploration in R1 (e) and R2 (f). Data are mean 7 SEM. ***p o0.001, Mann–Whitney test. Total n¼ 16 WT and n ¼16 GKO mice.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
R1
281
R2 Light phase 1. 5
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
3
2
1
0
1. 0
0. 5
0. 0
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group 0.8
0.15
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
0.6 0.10
0.05
0.4 0.2 0.0
0.00 IDO2 WT
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Mouse group
Dark phase 1.5
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
1.0
0.5
0.0 IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
IDO2 WT
Mouse group
5
4
4
3
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
3 2
2 1
1 0
0 IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 5. IDO2 deficiency does not change the average number of nosepokes or licks in every visit made by mice after 5 h of exploration in the free adaptation period. The average number of nosepokes or licks per diurnal visit made by WT mice was not significantly different from GKO mice in R1 and R2 (a–d). During the dark phase, a significant genotype effect comparing WT and GKO mice also was absent in both R1 and R2 in terms of the average number of nosepokes or licks per nocturnal visit (e–g). Data are mean 7 SEM. Mann–Whitney test. Total n¼ 16 WT and n¼ 16 GKO mice.
282
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
R1
Light phase 2.5
3
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
4
R2
2 1 0
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group 1.5
0.8
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
0.6 0.4
1.0
0.5
0.2 0.0
0.0 TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
Mouse group
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
Nosepokes/ visit
Nosepokes/ visit
Dark phase
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
TDO2 WT
10
10
8
8
6 4 2
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Licks/ visit
Licks/ visit
Mouse group
6 4 2
0
0 TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
TDO2 WT
TDO2 GKO
Mouse group
Fig. 6. TDO2 deficiency does not affect the average number of nosepokes or licks in every visit made by mice after 5 h of exploration in the free adaptation period. The average number of nosepokes or licks per diurnal visit made by WT mice was not significantly different from GKO mice in R1 and R2 (a–d). During the dark phase, a significant genotype effect comparing WT and GKO mice also was absent in both R1 and R2 in terms of the average number of nosepokes or licks per nocturnal visit (e–g). Data are mean 7 SEM. Mann–Whitney test. Total n¼ 18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
IDO1 WT
283
IDO1 GKO
Drinking session R1
R2 150
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
day 1
50
0
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
0
day 1
50
100
Baseline
Visit frequency
100
Baseline
Visit frequency
150
Non-drinking session R2
150 100
0
day 2
50
day 1
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
0
day 1
50
*** **
Baseline
100
** ***
day 2
Visit frequency
200
day 1
*** **
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
**
Baseline
R1 200
Fig. 7. Corner visit frequency of IDO1 WT and GKO mice during drinking and non-drinking sessions in R1 and R2. In comparison to the day before drinking sessions were executed (“baseline”), in both R1 (a) and R2 (b) the IDO1 WT and GKO mice maintained the same level of corner visit frequency throughout the drinking sessions. However, they significantly increased their corner visits during non-drinking sessions on the first day, then decreased them on the next day, in R1 (c) and R2 (d), implying that they had become aware that water rewards were not available in some sessions. The visit frequency of test day 1 or 2 was compared to that on the previous day by repeated contrast. The data (mean 7 SEM) showed no significant genotype effect at each level of repeated contrast. *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***po 0.001, repeated contrast. Total n ¼16 mice per WT or GKO group.
session test module in the IntelliCage system. In addition, the lick frequency of mice when subjected to cognitive tests was compared between the WT and GKO of IDO1 mice (Fig. 10) as well as between the WT and GKO of TDO2 (Fig. 11) mice to evaluate the reward-driven behavior that was potentially associated with the altered cognitive performance. Moreover, the percentage of reference visits made by WT and GKO IDO2 mice in simple patrolling was compared (Fig. 12), to provide additional data to support the observed genotype effect on this parameter in the complex patrolling task (see Fig. 5 in Ref [1]).
284
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IDO2 WT
IDO2 GKO
Drinking session R1
R2 200
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
50 0
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
0
day 1
50
100
day 1
100
**
***
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
*
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
200
Non-drinking session
100
day 2
day 1
0
Baseline
50
day 2
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
day 1
50
150
day 1
Visit frequency
100
0
** **
** **
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
200
*
Baseline
*
200
Fig. 8. Corner visit frequency of IDO2 WT and GKO mice during drinking and non-drinking sessions in R1 and R2. During the drinking sessions, IDO2 WT mice significantly increased their corner visits in the first day while retaining the same level of corner visits for the next day in both R1 (a) and R2 (b). No significant genotype effect was observed between WT and GKO mice. (c) During non-drinking sessions, both WT and GKO mice significantly increased corner visits only on the first day in R1. (d) However, in R2 they significantly reduced visit activity on the next day, suggesting learned behavior. The visit frequency of test day 1 or 2 was compared to that on the previous day by repeated contrast. *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***po 0.001, repeated contrast. The data (mean7 SEM) showed no significant genotype effect at each level of repeated contrast. Total n¼ 16 WT and n¼ 15 GKO mice.
2. Experimental design, materials and methods The data involve the same set of animals and methods as described [1]. Mice were initially trained with the free adaptation and nosepoke adaptation modules prior to the drinking session adaptation. The three adaptation modules and the cognitive function test modules have been described in detail previously [1].
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
TDO2 WT
285
TDO2 GKO
Drinking session R1
R2
100
Baseline
day 1
day 2
Baseline
day 1
day 2
day 2
day 1
50 0
day 2
day 1
Baseline
Baseline
0
day 2
50
*
150
Baseline
Visit frequency
100
day 1
Visit frequency
*
200
150
Non-drinking session R1 250
***
Visit frequency
***
150 100 50
150 100
day 2
day 1
0
Baseline
day 2
day 1
Baseline
day 2
day 1
0
**
200
50
Baseline
Visit frequency
200
R2
Fig. 9. Corner visit frequency of TDO2 WT and GKO mice during drinking and non-drinking sessions in R1 and R2. (a) Over the 2-day drinking session, in R1, both TDO2 WT and GKO mice retained their corner visit behavior. (b) By contrast, in R2, WT and GKO mice increased corner visit frequency in the 2-day drinking session. There was no significant genotype effect relating to this. (c) Both WT and GKO mice increased corner visits on the first execution of non-drinking session in R1. (d) The increase in corner visits during the non-drinking session on the first test day was observed only in WT mice, but there was no significant genotype effect at each level of repeated contrast. Data showed mean 7 SEM. The visit frequency of test day 1 or 2 was compared to that on the previous day by repeated contrast. *p o0.05, **p o0.01, ***p o 0.001, repeated contrast. Total n¼ 18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
286
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IDO1 WT IDO1 GKO
SIMPLE PATROLLING
(R1)
#
1000
** 500
0
***
*** **
baseline day 1
(R2)
1000
Lick frequency
Lick frequency
1500
day 2
800 600 * 400
*
200 0
day 3
* **
baseline day 1
day 2
day 3
Fig. 10. IDO1 genotype effect on lick frequency when mice were tested in simple patrolling. The frequency values were reported in R1 (a) and R2 (b). *po 0.05, **p o 0.01, ***p o 0.001, simple contrast with reference category set at baseline. #p o0.05, genotype x test day simple contrast. Total n¼ 16 mice per WT or GKO group.
TDO2 WT TDO2 GKO
COMPLEX PATROLLING
(R1)
*** 1000
(R2)
1500
**
**
**
500
Lick frequency
Lick frequency
1500
1000
* *
**
**
*
500
0
0
baseline day 1
day 2
baseline day 1
day 3
day 2
day 3
DISCRIMINATION REVERSAL
(R1)
(R2)
1500
Lick frequency
Lick frequency
1500
1000
500
1000
**
*
500
0
0
baseline day 1
day 2
day 3
baseline day 1
day 2
day 3
Fig. 11. Frequency of licks when TDO2 GKO and WT mice were tested in complex patrolling and discrimination reversal tasks. The frequency values were reported in R1 and R2 of complex patrolling (a, R1; b, R2) and discrimination reversal task (c, R1; d R2). *p o 0.05, **p o0.01, ***p o 0.001, simple contrast with reference category set at baseline. Total n¼ 18 WT and n¼ 17 GKO mice.
L.K. Too et al. / Data in Brief 9 (2016) 275–287
287
IDO2 WT IDO2 GKO
Reference visit (%)
SIMPLE PATROLLING (R1) Test days
Baseline
40
#
30
##
##
##
##
##
##
##
#
25% chance level # # # # # #
20 10 0
≤25
≤50 ≤75 Total ≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
Test day 2
Test day 3
Test day 1
Reference visit (%)
SIMPLE PATROLLING (R2)
30
Test days
Baseline
40 #
#
#
##
##
##
##
# #
25% chance level # # # # # #
20 10 0
≤25
≤50 ≤75 Total ≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total Test day 1
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
≤25 ≤50 ≤75 Total
Test day 2
Test day 3
Fig. 12. IDO2 genotype effect on reference memory when mice were tested in simple patrolling. The percentage of visits to the reference corner was measured in R1 (a) and R2 (b). A significant genotype effect was absent. #po 0.05, genotype x test day simple contrast. Total n¼ 16 WT and n¼ 15 GKO mice.
Acknowledgments This study was supported by a grant to NHH and ISM by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council. LKT was sponsored by a Scholarship provided by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia. RS received support from an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship. The authors thank A.L. Mellor and H. Funakoshi for providing IDO1 GKO mice and TDO2 heterozygous mice, respectively.
Transparency document. Supplementary material Transparency data associated with this article can be found in the online version at http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.071.
Reference [1] L.K. Too, K.M. Li, C. Suarna, G.J. Maghzal , R. Stocker, I.S. McGregor, et al. Deletion of TDO2, IDO-1 and IDO-2 differentially affects mouse behavior and cognitive function. Behavioural Brain Research, 2016, in press.