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Behaviour of teleost fishes
A. 1964. Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction.2nd edn. Ithaca, New York: Comstock. Dyer, F. A. 1909. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. CedarRapids, Iowa: Torch Press. Asdell, S.
Fishes. Edited by T. J. Chapman & Hall (1993). Pp. xviii+715 Price $169.00 hardback, $39.95 paperback.
Behaviour of Teleost PITCHER. London:
If you are considering work with fish and don’t
ownthe first edition of Pitcher (1986), the new editionwill be a valuable source for ideas and access to the literature. The authors introduce both proximateand ultimate causal aspects of fish behaviour.Researchersand advanced students without training in ichthyology can gain insight into, and appreciation of the important contributions that fish research is making in behaviour. ‘Fish people’can use the book as an introduction to fields distant from their own. If you own the first edition,this revision could still be an asset if you needan update in an area where you don’t follow theoriginal literature. To help judge its value, I list thenumber of referencescited in each chapter from 1985onward. This new information is usually well integratedinto the text. In some cases, little new information is provided but this usually reflects the generallack of recent work in those research areas. Danzmann, Ferguson & Noakes review the ways in which behaviour is influenced by genes and what results and information we can expect givencurrent behaviour-genetics techniques (referencessince 1985=400/o,N=85). They provide a helpful quantitative summary of the state of the art in molecular biology that might help us determine the parentage or relatedness of individuals. If you make a few assumptions about your animals,their information could either encourage or discourage you from attempting such study. A provocative suggestion is made that ‘It may be sufficient to know that differences in courtship behaviour can be attributed to genetic differences between individuals’. It may not be worth the effort to untangle the causal mechanisms. However,important work by Bakker (1985) has shown that selection for features such as lower aggression may favour a variety of different behavioural qualities (and likely genetic combinations) that produce similar effects on aggression, but very different effects on other behaviour. Behavioural ecologistsnot interested in the proximate mechanisms could be easily misled by not having knowledge of these mechanisms. Motivation research has seen relatively little activity in recent years as reflected by the lack of really new information in Colgan’s chapter
(references since 1985=12.5%, N=104). In co1 trast, Huntingford’s chapter on development is useful update with many new examples (reference since 1985=400/o,N=75). She particularly weave in recent results of the effects of experience wil predators and innate differences between pop1 lations exposed to different levels of predation. For the advanced student or researcher ju starting work with fish, or for the fish research1 switching to a new area, the section on sensor systems can be of great value. Each chapter pn vides insight into the Umwelt or perceived su roundings of fish that can be terribly diverse ar alien to our own world. The chapters also va widely in revealing recent advances. Bleckmanc treatment of the lateral line is a very up-t date treatment of this most exotic sensory syste and its behavioural functions (references sin 1985=48%, N= 176). Hawkins’ chapter on soul is an ordinary review with sparse information ( recent advances and deals mostly with anatom physics and physiology (references sin 1985=7%, N=54). Guthrie & Muntz give a bra; coverage of fish vision with sketchesof the boun lesstopic of how fish use visual stimuli (referent since 1985=16%, N=164). Hara reviews t anatomy and function of the chemical sensesal focuses discussion of function on sahnonid ho] ing as well as feeding, reproduction and frig reactions (references since 1985=28%, N=89). , noted by the editor, newer and more controvers discoveries of dispersed single-cell receptors a magnetic sensesreceive no mention. The chapters on behavioural ecology feat1 areas in which fish research continues to play major role. Foraging theory is given a gene treatment by Hart (references since 1985~42 N= 111) with special attention to the effects predation risk given by Milinski (references sir 1985=49%, N=69). Hart gives the uninitiatec valuable guide to the mathematics and alpha1 soup (BPM, MVT, IFD, RPS) of optimal for: ing theory and both give a healthy balance theory and empirical tests. Turner gives much new material on the brc field of mating behaviour (references sil 1985=50%, N=102). Perhaps of necessity, so references on details about speciesare second; sources. In fairness, several of his subsectic could easily be developed as chapters, but so statements and criticisms are hastily presented a lack substance. He suggests an explanation @i 315) more parsimonious than handicap theory Milinski & Bakker’s (1990) results with para ized sticklebacks, but fails to tell us how a co1 ation so easily disrupted by parasitism is selec for without handicap theory. Readers will
osteus aculeatus L.) with some notes on hormonal misled by the statement (page 324) that ‘In the factors. Behaviour, 93, 69-81. anemone fish, loss of a partner rarely leads to sex change by a resident male’. His reference, Ochi Pietersz, V. L. C. (Ed.) 1990. Symposium on Artificial Reefs and Fish Aggregating Devices as Tools for the (1989), refers to a very unusual ecological setting Mdnagement and-Er&nc&ent of Marine Fishery with Amphiprion clarkii in which this anomalous Resources. Columbo. Sri Lanka: Indo-Pacific Fisherv case occurs. Sargent & Cross update evolutionary Commission. arguments for male parental care in fish including Raffetto, N. S., Baylis, J. R. & Sems, S. L. 1990. recent dynamic modelling approaches (references Complete estimates of reproductive successin a closed since 1985=28%, N=87). Pitcher & Parrish propopulation of smalhnouth bass (Micropterus dolomieuz]. Ecology, 71, 152%1535. vide a very thorough approach to the functional aspects of fish schooling with much new information (references since 1985=32%, N=292). Magurran’s treatment of individual differences The Encyclopedia of Lund Invertebrate Behaviour. By ROD Jz KEN PRESTON-MAFHAM. Cambridge, and alternative behaviour crosseswide functional Massachusetts: MIT Press (1993). Pp. 320. boundaries and complements other chapters (refPrice 845.00. erences since 1985=45%, N= 196). Helfman’s review of day/night behaviour (references since This large format volume is organized into five 1985=28%, N=113), Gibson’s chapter on inter- parts, each with a short introduction. The largest tidal fish (references since 1985=26%, N=74) and portion of the text is devoted to sexual behaviour Parsefall’s survey of cave-dwelling fish (references (44%); the rest is split between egg laying (8%), since 1985=20%, N=70) are brief updates. parental care (24%; includes eusocial insects), FitzGerald 8z Wootton give good coverage to the feeding behaviour (17%) and defensive behaviour continuously active area of stickleback behaviour (7%). Each section is comprised of a seriesof case (referencessince 1985=41%, N= 167). studies that detail the bizarre and wonderful The final section on applied behaviour is little ways in which invertebrates conduct their lives. In different from the first revision (references since addition to terrestrial insects, the cast includes 1985=13%, 18%, N=126, 45) and lacks new in- snails, centipedes, millipedes, spiders and waterformation such as the Fish Attraction Device associated insects such as dragonflies and water programme in the tropical Pacific (Pietersz 1990) striders; the exclusion of marine invertebrates and Raffetto et al’s (1990) extensive efforts to explains the title. The information is drawn from model a freshwater fish population and reproduc- both primary observations and the published tive success. research of other scientists. The appearance of the book is very good with The original work of the authors detailed here is clear illustrations. Its value as a reference book a valuable addition to the literature; the descripwould benefit greatly from individual tables of tion and accompanying pictures of a female contents for each chapter. The taxonomic index is erotylid fungus beetle shepherding her brood to useful and complete. The author index is of little new food sources is a superb example. Their hours valuebecauseit refers only to the page of mention of field observation have given the authors insight in the bibliography. The subject index is a victim into some commonly held perceptions of inverteeither of inadequate word processor technology or brate behaviour. They go out of their way, for lack of effort to merge the indices created by each example, to dispel the notion of rampant sexual author for their own chapter. For example, alarm cannibalism in female spiders (including black reaction and fright reaction lead to different areas widows) and mantids. They suggest that hostility and both completely miss material such as Pitcher in these females is rare in nature, but if it does & Parrish’s section, ‘Warning skitters: an alarm occur, it is probably because a virgin was not signal? But, with a bit of effort, one can find the being courted. The authors note the artiticial desired information. conditions of a number of published behavioural GEORGE LOSEY studies and suggest reasons for conflicting results by different workers. Potential research topics are Department of Zoology and Hawaii Institute of suggested on a regular basis. The studies cited are Marine Biology, up to date, with the most recent published in 1991. University of Hawaii, The text is written in a user-friendly style. Honolulu, HI 94822, U S. A. Vernacular phrases such as top-dog, cold shoulder, potter around, in harness, beaver away, and References Lone Ranger strategy make the text lively and Bakker, T. C. M. 1985. Two-way selection for aggres- accessible,like listening to the lectures of a gifted sion in juvenile, female and male sticklebacks (Gusrerand enthusiastic teacher. Readers for whom
Fishes. Edited by T. J. Chapman & Hall (1993). Pp. xviii+715 Price $169.00 hardback, $39.95 paperback.
Behaviour of Teleost PITCHER. London:
If you are considering work with fish and don’t
ownthe first edition of Pitcher (1986), the new editionwill be a valuable source for ideas and access to the literature. The authors introduce both proximateand ultimate causal aspects of fish behaviour.Researchersand advanced students without training in ichthyology can gain insight into, and appreciation of the important contributions that fish research is making in behaviour. ‘Fish people’can use the book as an introduction to fields distant from their own. If you own the first edition,this revision could still be an asset if you needan update in an area where you don’t follow theoriginal literature. To help judge its value, I list thenumber of referencescited in each chapter from 1985onward. This new information is usually well integratedinto the text. In some cases, little new information is provided but this usually reflects the generallack of recent work in those research areas. Danzmann, Ferguson & Noakes review the ways in which behaviour is influenced by genes and what results and information we can expect givencurrent behaviour-genetics techniques (referencessince 1985=400/o,N=85). They provide a helpful quantitative summary of the state of the art in molecular biology that might help us determine the parentage or relatedness of individuals. If you make a few assumptions about your animals,their information could either encourage or discourage you from attempting such study. A provocative suggestion is made that ‘It may be sufficient to know that differences in courtship behaviour can be attributed to genetic differences between individuals’. It may not be worth the effort to untangle the causal mechanisms. However,important work by Bakker (1985) has shown that selection for features such as lower aggression may favour a variety of different behavioural qualities (and likely genetic combinations) that produce similar effects on aggression, but very different effects on other behaviour. Behavioural ecologistsnot interested in the proximate mechanisms could be easily misled by not having knowledge of these mechanisms. Motivation research has seen relatively little activity in recent years as reflected by the lack of really new information in Colgan’s chapter
(references since 1985=12.5%, N=104). In co1 trast, Huntingford’s chapter on development is useful update with many new examples (reference since 1985=400/o,N=75). She particularly weave in recent results of the effects of experience wil predators and innate differences between pop1 lations exposed to different levels of predation. For the advanced student or researcher ju starting work with fish, or for the fish research1 switching to a new area, the section on sensor systems can be of great value. Each chapter pn vides insight into the Umwelt or perceived su roundings of fish that can be terribly diverse ar alien to our own world. The chapters also va widely in revealing recent advances. Bleckmanc treatment of the lateral line is a very up-t date treatment of this most exotic sensory syste and its behavioural functions (references sin 1985=48%, N= 176). Hawkins’ chapter on soul is an ordinary review with sparse information ( recent advances and deals mostly with anatom physics and physiology (references sin 1985=7%, N=54). Guthrie & Muntz give a bra; coverage of fish vision with sketchesof the boun lesstopic of how fish use visual stimuli (referent since 1985=16%, N=164). Hara reviews t anatomy and function of the chemical sensesal focuses discussion of function on sahnonid ho] ing as well as feeding, reproduction and frig reactions (references since 1985=28%, N=89). , noted by the editor, newer and more controvers discoveries of dispersed single-cell receptors a magnetic sensesreceive no mention. The chapters on behavioural ecology feat1 areas in which fish research continues to play major role. Foraging theory is given a gene treatment by Hart (references since 1985~42 N= 111) with special attention to the effects predation risk given by Milinski (references sir 1985=49%, N=69). Hart gives the uninitiatec valuable guide to the mathematics and alpha1 soup (BPM, MVT, IFD, RPS) of optimal for: ing theory and both give a healthy balance theory and empirical tests. Turner gives much new material on the brc field of mating behaviour (references sil 1985=50%, N=102). Perhaps of necessity, so references on details about speciesare second; sources. In fairness, several of his subsectic could easily be developed as chapters, but so statements and criticisms are hastily presented a lack substance. He suggests an explanation @i 315) more parsimonious than handicap theory Milinski & Bakker’s (1990) results with para ized sticklebacks, but fails to tell us how a co1 ation so easily disrupted by parasitism is selec for without handicap theory. Readers will
osteus aculeatus L.) with some notes on hormonal misled by the statement (page 324) that ‘In the factors. Behaviour, 93, 69-81. anemone fish, loss of a partner rarely leads to sex change by a resident male’. His reference, Ochi Pietersz, V. L. C. (Ed.) 1990. Symposium on Artificial Reefs and Fish Aggregating Devices as Tools for the (1989), refers to a very unusual ecological setting Mdnagement and-Er&nc&ent of Marine Fishery with Amphiprion clarkii in which this anomalous Resources. Columbo. Sri Lanka: Indo-Pacific Fisherv case occurs. Sargent & Cross update evolutionary Commission. arguments for male parental care in fish including Raffetto, N. S., Baylis, J. R. & Sems, S. L. 1990. recent dynamic modelling approaches (references Complete estimates of reproductive successin a closed since 1985=28%, N=87). Pitcher & Parrish propopulation of smalhnouth bass (Micropterus dolomieuz]. Ecology, 71, 152%1535. vide a very thorough approach to the functional aspects of fish schooling with much new information (references since 1985=32%, N=292). Magurran’s treatment of individual differences The Encyclopedia of Lund Invertebrate Behaviour. By ROD Jz KEN PRESTON-MAFHAM. Cambridge, and alternative behaviour crosseswide functional Massachusetts: MIT Press (1993). Pp. 320. boundaries and complements other chapters (refPrice 845.00. erences since 1985=45%, N= 196). Helfman’s review of day/night behaviour (references since This large format volume is organized into five 1985=28%, N=113), Gibson’s chapter on inter- parts, each with a short introduction. The largest tidal fish (references since 1985=26%, N=74) and portion of the text is devoted to sexual behaviour Parsefall’s survey of cave-dwelling fish (references (44%); the rest is split between egg laying (8%), since 1985=20%, N=70) are brief updates. parental care (24%; includes eusocial insects), FitzGerald 8z Wootton give good coverage to the feeding behaviour (17%) and defensive behaviour continuously active area of stickleback behaviour (7%). Each section is comprised of a seriesof case (referencessince 1985=41%, N= 167). studies that detail the bizarre and wonderful The final section on applied behaviour is little ways in which invertebrates conduct their lives. In different from the first revision (references since addition to terrestrial insects, the cast includes 1985=13%, 18%, N=126, 45) and lacks new in- snails, centipedes, millipedes, spiders and waterformation such as the Fish Attraction Device associated insects such as dragonflies and water programme in the tropical Pacific (Pietersz 1990) striders; the exclusion of marine invertebrates and Raffetto et al’s (1990) extensive efforts to explains the title. The information is drawn from model a freshwater fish population and reproduc- both primary observations and the published tive success. research of other scientists. The appearance of the book is very good with The original work of the authors detailed here is clear illustrations. Its value as a reference book a valuable addition to the literature; the descripwould benefit greatly from individual tables of tion and accompanying pictures of a female contents for each chapter. The taxonomic index is erotylid fungus beetle shepherding her brood to useful and complete. The author index is of little new food sources is a superb example. Their hours valuebecauseit refers only to the page of mention of field observation have given the authors insight in the bibliography. The subject index is a victim into some commonly held perceptions of inverteeither of inadequate word processor technology or brate behaviour. They go out of their way, for lack of effort to merge the indices created by each example, to dispel the notion of rampant sexual author for their own chapter. For example, alarm cannibalism in female spiders (including black reaction and fright reaction lead to different areas widows) and mantids. They suggest that hostility and both completely miss material such as Pitcher in these females is rare in nature, but if it does & Parrish’s section, ‘Warning skitters: an alarm occur, it is probably because a virgin was not signal? But, with a bit of effort, one can find the being courted. The authors note the artiticial desired information. conditions of a number of published behavioural GEORGE LOSEY studies and suggest reasons for conflicting results by different workers. Potential research topics are Department of Zoology and Hawaii Institute of suggested on a regular basis. The studies cited are Marine Biology, up to date, with the most recent published in 1991. University of Hawaii, The text is written in a user-friendly style. Honolulu, HI 94822, U S. A. Vernacular phrases such as top-dog, cold shoulder, potter around, in harness, beaver away, and References Lone Ranger strategy make the text lively and Bakker, T. C. M. 1985. Two-way selection for aggres- accessible,like listening to the lectures of a gifted sion in juvenile, female and male sticklebacks (Gusrerand enthusiastic teacher. Readers for whom