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Bettws-Y-Coed Lichens
242
Transactions British Mycological Society
C. vulgaris Schrad. var. aurantiaca Lister. *C. piriformis Schrad. Heticularia Lycoperdon Bull. Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries. Trichia persimilis Karsten. T. varia Pers. T. decipiens (Pers.) Macbr. T. Botrytis Pers. *T. floriformis (Schwein.) G. Lister. Hemitrichia Vesparium (Batsch) Macbr. *H. leiotricha Lister. *H. abietina (Wigand) Lister. Arcyria ferruginea Sauter. A. cinerea (Bull.) Pers. A. pomiforrnis (Leers) Rost. A. denudata (I,.) Wettstein. A. incarnata Pers.
MYCETOZOA FROM MATLOCK. By W. T. Elliott. The following is a list of Mycetozoa collected at the Matlock Spring Foray, 1924: Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa Macbr. Physarunl nutans Pers. P. compressurn A. & S. Didyrnium squanlulosum Fr. Comatricha nigra Schr. C. typhoides Itost. 1,eocarpus fragilis IZost. Reticularia Lycoperdon Bull. Lycogala epidendrum Fr. Trichia varia Pers.
Trichia persimilis Karst. T. Botrytis Pers. T. decipiens Macbr. T. contorta Rost Hemitrichia Vesparium Macbr. Arcyria cinerea Pers. A. incarnata Pers. Perichaeua corticalis Rost. P. depressa Lib.
BETTWS-Y-COED LICHENS. By N.H. Knight, M.A. THERiver Conway on which Bettws-y-Coed is situated divides the two counties of Carnarvon and Denbigh. The greater number of the Lichens on this list are from the former county, but on the second day of the Foray we crossed the Conway, and collected some Lichens on the Denbigh side of the river. The more important of these have the letter D after the name. With the exception of Cladonia uncialis and Umbilicaria, which were brought in from a distance, all the Lichens on this list were found within two miles of our headquarters. Several calcareous Lichens were noticed; these came from mortared walls. In one place on the main road to Cape1 Curig Gyalecta cu$ularis was plentiful on the shaded side of the wall, both on mortar and rock.
Bcttws-y-Coed Lichens. H . H . Knight 243 The following Lichens were found fertile: Parmelia physodes, P. fuliginosa, Pertusaria globulifera, Phlyctis avgena. I am indebted to Mr Paulson for help in compiling this list. Sphaerophorus melanocarpus Schaer. S. globosus Wain. Placynthiuin nigrum S. I;.Gray Collema pulposuin Ach. C. cheileuln Ach. C. granuliferu~nNyl. Leptogium turgidum Cromb. L. lacerum S. F. Gray Parmeliella corallinoides A. Zahlbr. P. plumbea Wain. Pannaria rubiginosa Del. var. conoplea Iioerb. Massalongia carnosa Koerb. Peltigera canina Willd. P. rufescens Hoffm. and var. praetextata Nyl. P. scutata Icoerb. P. polydactyla Hoffm. P. horizontalis Hoffnl. Nephronium lusitanicum Nyl. Sticta fuliginosa Ach. S. limbata Ach. Lobaria scrobiculata DC. L. laciniata Wain. I,. pulmonaria Hoffm. Parmelia physodes Ach. P. pertusa Schaer. P. perlata Ach. and var. ciliata Schaer. I?. saxatilis Ach. and forms furfuracca and panniforinis P. sulcata Tayl. P. dubia Tayl. P. hyperopta Ach. P. laevigata Ach. P. revoluta Floerke P. conspersa Ach. and var. stenophylla Ach. P. omphalodes Ach. P. Uelisei Nyl., D . P. fuliginosa Nyl. and var. laetevirens Nyl. Cetraria glauca Ach. and var. fallax Ach C. aculeata Fr. Evernia prunastri Ach. Ramalina farinacea Ach. Usnea florida Web. and var. hirta Web. U. plicata Web. Placodium citrinu~nAnzi P. ferrugineuni Hepp. var. festivu~n A. L. Sm. P. rupestre Branth. & liostr. Candelariella vitellina Miill.-Arn. Physcia grisea A. Zahlbr.
Physcia stellaris Nyl. var. aipolia Nyl. P. orbicularis Nyl. var, virella Dalla Torre & Sarnth. liinodina demissa Arn. Lecanora muralis Schaer L. subfusca Ach. var. chlarona Ach. and var. allophana Ach. L. campestris 13. de Lesd. L. coilocarpa Ach. L. atra Ach. L. conferta Nyl. L. galactina Ach. L. varia Ach. L. symmicta Ach. L. piniperda Koerb. L. sulphurea Ach. L. polytropa Schaer. L. intricata Ach. L. badia Ach. L. tartarea Ach. L. subtartarea Nyl. L. parella Ach. L. gibbosa Nyl. L. lacustris Th. Fr. I,. Dicksonii Nyl. Acarospora fuscata Th. Fr. Haernatom~naventosum Massal. L). Pertusaria globulifera Nyl. P , faginea Leight. P. lactea Nyl. P. pertusa Dalla Torre & Sarnth. P. dealbata Cromb. and f. corallina Cromb. P. leioplaca. Schaer. P. Wulfenii DC. Thelotrema lepadinum Ach. Phlyctis argena Koerb. Diploschistes scruposus Norm. Crocynia, lanuginoss Hue Umbilicaria pustulata Hoff~n. Baeomyces rufus UC. Stereocaulon pileatuni Ach., L). S. coralloides Fr. S. paschale Fr., D. Cladonia sylvatica Hoffm. C. uncialis Web. C. pyxidata Hoffm. C. fimbriata ITr. and var. sii~lplexWain. C. cervicornis Schaer. C. gracilis Willd. C. furcata Schrad. C. squanlosa Hoffm. C . caespiticia Floerke C. digitata Hoffm. C. flabellifor~nisWain. C. ~nacilentaHoffm.
244
Transactions British Mycological Society
Cladonia Floerkcana Fr. var. carcata Wain Coeiiogonium ebencuin A. L. Sin. Gyalecta cupularis Schaer. Lccidea Friesii Ach. L. confertula Stirt., 13. L. lucida, Ach. L. quernea Ach. L. coarctata Nyl. L. fuliginea Ach. L. protrusa Fr. L. parascma Ach. L. contigua Fr. L. sorediza Nyl. L. crustulata Icocrb. L. confluens Ach. L. lapicida Ach. L. lithophila Ach. L. plana Nyl. I,. lactea Floerkc L. fuscoatra. Ach. L. rivulosa Ach. Biatorella pruinosa Mudd Biatorina lutea Arn. B. atropurpurea Massal. B. lenticularis Icoerb. Biliinbia sabulosa Massal. B. sabuletorum Branth & Rostr. Bacidia arccutirla Branth. & Rostr. var. hypnaca A. Id. Sm. B. urrlbriiia Branth. & llostr.
Ruellia myriocarpa Mudd B. impressula A. L. Sm. B. dlsciformis Mudd B. parmeliarum Oliv. on Parnielia saxatilis Leciographa parasitica Mudd on Pertusaria Wulfenii Iihizocarpon Ocderi Koerb. li. geographicun~DC. I<. viridiatrum Koerb. Il. petraeum Massal. and var. excentricuni A. L. Sm. K. confervoides DC. Arthonia radiata Ach. Opegrapha atra Pers. 0. betulina Sm. 0. vulgata Ach. 0. zonata Koerb. Graphis elegans Ach. Graphina anguina Miill.-ilrg. Dermatocarpon ininiatum Th. 1;r. Normandina pulchella Cromb. Verrucaria submersa Schaer. V. nigrescens Pers. Acrocordia biformis Arn. Arthopyrenia, punctifornlis Arn. A. pyrcnastrella Oliv., D. A. cincrcopruinosa Kocrb., L). A. analepta Massal., D. Porina chlorotica W d n . Pyrcnula nitida Ach.
STUDIES I N ENTOMOGENOUS FUNGI. (With I Text-fig.) VIII. NOTES ON BEAUVERIA. By ii'. Petch, B.A., B.Sc. I N 1835, Balsamo-Crivelli described, under the name Botrytis Bassiana, a fungus which was parasitic on the silkworm, the larva of Bombyx mori, in Italy, where it caused a disease known as Calcino, because of the chalky appearance of the insects attacked. A paper dealing with this disease was published by Vittadini in 1851; and subsequently the fungus was studied by de Bary, who gave a full account of its morphology and mode of parasitism in his paper, "Zur Kenntnis insektentodtender Pilze," in 1867. In France, the disease of silkworms caused by this fungus is known as Muscardine, from the supposed resemblance of the affected insect to a sugared almond. In 1891, Delacroix described a similar species, which occurred on a cockchafer, as Botrytis tenella and, with Brongniart, another species on the migratory locust of Algeria, as Botrytis Acridiorum.
Transactions British Mycological Society
C. vulgaris Schrad. var. aurantiaca Lister. *C. piriformis Schrad. Heticularia Lycoperdon Bull. Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries. Trichia persimilis Karsten. T. varia Pers. T. decipiens (Pers.) Macbr. T. Botrytis Pers. *T. floriformis (Schwein.) G. Lister. Hemitrichia Vesparium (Batsch) Macbr. *H. leiotricha Lister. *H. abietina (Wigand) Lister. Arcyria ferruginea Sauter. A. cinerea (Bull.) Pers. A. pomiforrnis (Leers) Rost. A. denudata (I,.) Wettstein. A. incarnata Pers.
MYCETOZOA FROM MATLOCK. By W. T. Elliott. The following is a list of Mycetozoa collected at the Matlock Spring Foray, 1924: Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa Macbr. Physarunl nutans Pers. P. compressurn A. & S. Didyrnium squanlulosum Fr. Comatricha nigra Schr. C. typhoides Itost. 1,eocarpus fragilis IZost. Reticularia Lycoperdon Bull. Lycogala epidendrum Fr. Trichia varia Pers.
Trichia persimilis Karst. T. Botrytis Pers. T. decipiens Macbr. T. contorta Rost Hemitrichia Vesparium Macbr. Arcyria cinerea Pers. A. incarnata Pers. Perichaeua corticalis Rost. P. depressa Lib.
BETTWS-Y-COED LICHENS. By N.H. Knight, M.A. THERiver Conway on which Bettws-y-Coed is situated divides the two counties of Carnarvon and Denbigh. The greater number of the Lichens on this list are from the former county, but on the second day of the Foray we crossed the Conway, and collected some Lichens on the Denbigh side of the river. The more important of these have the letter D after the name. With the exception of Cladonia uncialis and Umbilicaria, which were brought in from a distance, all the Lichens on this list were found within two miles of our headquarters. Several calcareous Lichens were noticed; these came from mortared walls. In one place on the main road to Cape1 Curig Gyalecta cu$ularis was plentiful on the shaded side of the wall, both on mortar and rock.
Bcttws-y-Coed Lichens. H . H . Knight 243 The following Lichens were found fertile: Parmelia physodes, P. fuliginosa, Pertusaria globulifera, Phlyctis avgena. I am indebted to Mr Paulson for help in compiling this list. Sphaerophorus melanocarpus Schaer. S. globosus Wain. Placynthiuin nigrum S. I;.Gray Collema pulposuin Ach. C. cheileuln Ach. C. granuliferu~nNyl. Leptogium turgidum Cromb. L. lacerum S. F. Gray Parmeliella corallinoides A. Zahlbr. P. plumbea Wain. Pannaria rubiginosa Del. var. conoplea Iioerb. Massalongia carnosa Koerb. Peltigera canina Willd. P. rufescens Hoffm. and var. praetextata Nyl. P. scutata Icoerb. P. polydactyla Hoffm. P. horizontalis Hoffnl. Nephronium lusitanicum Nyl. Sticta fuliginosa Ach. S. limbata Ach. Lobaria scrobiculata DC. L. laciniata Wain. I,. pulmonaria Hoffm. Parmelia physodes Ach. P. pertusa Schaer. P. perlata Ach. and var. ciliata Schaer. I?. saxatilis Ach. and forms furfuracca and panniforinis P. sulcata Tayl. P. dubia Tayl. P. hyperopta Ach. P. laevigata Ach. P. revoluta Floerke P. conspersa Ach. and var. stenophylla Ach. P. omphalodes Ach. P. Uelisei Nyl., D . P. fuliginosa Nyl. and var. laetevirens Nyl. Cetraria glauca Ach. and var. fallax Ach C. aculeata Fr. Evernia prunastri Ach. Ramalina farinacea Ach. Usnea florida Web. and var. hirta Web. U. plicata Web. Placodium citrinu~nAnzi P. ferrugineuni Hepp. var. festivu~n A. L. Sm. P. rupestre Branth. & liostr. Candelariella vitellina Miill.-Arn. Physcia grisea A. Zahlbr.
Physcia stellaris Nyl. var. aipolia Nyl. P. orbicularis Nyl. var, virella Dalla Torre & Sarnth. liinodina demissa Arn. Lecanora muralis Schaer L. subfusca Ach. var. chlarona Ach. and var. allophana Ach. L. campestris 13. de Lesd. L. coilocarpa Ach. L. atra Ach. L. conferta Nyl. L. galactina Ach. L. varia Ach. L. symmicta Ach. L. piniperda Koerb. L. sulphurea Ach. L. polytropa Schaer. L. intricata Ach. L. badia Ach. L. tartarea Ach. L. subtartarea Nyl. L. parella Ach. L. gibbosa Nyl. L. lacustris Th. Fr. I,. Dicksonii Nyl. Acarospora fuscata Th. Fr. Haernatom~naventosum Massal. L). Pertusaria globulifera Nyl. P , faginea Leight. P. lactea Nyl. P. pertusa Dalla Torre & Sarnth. P. dealbata Cromb. and f. corallina Cromb. P. leioplaca. Schaer. P. Wulfenii DC. Thelotrema lepadinum Ach. Phlyctis argena Koerb. Diploschistes scruposus Norm. Crocynia, lanuginoss Hue Umbilicaria pustulata Hoff~n. Baeomyces rufus UC. Stereocaulon pileatuni Ach., L). S. coralloides Fr. S. paschale Fr., D. Cladonia sylvatica Hoffm. C. uncialis Web. C. pyxidata Hoffm. C. fimbriata ITr. and var. sii~lplexWain. C. cervicornis Schaer. C. gracilis Willd. C. furcata Schrad. C. squanlosa Hoffm. C . caespiticia Floerke C. digitata Hoffm. C. flabellifor~nisWain. C. ~nacilentaHoffm.
244
Transactions British Mycological Society
Cladonia Floerkcana Fr. var. carcata Wain Coeiiogonium ebencuin A. L. Sin. Gyalecta cupularis Schaer. Lccidea Friesii Ach. L. confertula Stirt., 13. L. lucida, Ach. L. quernea Ach. L. coarctata Nyl. L. fuliginea Ach. L. protrusa Fr. L. parascma Ach. L. contigua Fr. L. sorediza Nyl. L. crustulata Icocrb. L. confluens Ach. L. lapicida Ach. L. lithophila Ach. L. plana Nyl. I,. lactea Floerkc L. fuscoatra. Ach. L. rivulosa Ach. Biatorella pruinosa Mudd Biatorina lutea Arn. B. atropurpurea Massal. B. lenticularis Icoerb. Biliinbia sabulosa Massal. B. sabuletorum Branth & Rostr. Bacidia arccutirla Branth. & Rostr. var. hypnaca A. Id. Sm. B. urrlbriiia Branth. & llostr.
Ruellia myriocarpa Mudd B. impressula A. L. Sm. B. dlsciformis Mudd B. parmeliarum Oliv. on Parnielia saxatilis Leciographa parasitica Mudd on Pertusaria Wulfenii Iihizocarpon Ocderi Koerb. li. geographicun~DC. I<. viridiatrum Koerb. Il. petraeum Massal. and var. excentricuni A. L. Sm. K. confervoides DC. Arthonia radiata Ach. Opegrapha atra Pers. 0. betulina Sm. 0. vulgata Ach. 0. zonata Koerb. Graphis elegans Ach. Graphina anguina Miill.-ilrg. Dermatocarpon ininiatum Th. 1;r. Normandina pulchella Cromb. Verrucaria submersa Schaer. V. nigrescens Pers. Acrocordia biformis Arn. Arthopyrenia, punctifornlis Arn. A. pyrcnastrella Oliv., D. A. cincrcopruinosa Kocrb., L). A. analepta Massal., D. Porina chlorotica W d n . Pyrcnula nitida Ach.
STUDIES I N ENTOMOGENOUS FUNGI. (With I Text-fig.) VIII. NOTES ON BEAUVERIA. By ii'. Petch, B.A., B.Sc. I N 1835, Balsamo-Crivelli described, under the name Botrytis Bassiana, a fungus which was parasitic on the silkworm, the larva of Bombyx mori, in Italy, where it caused a disease known as Calcino, because of the chalky appearance of the insects attacked. A paper dealing with this disease was published by Vittadini in 1851; and subsequently the fungus was studied by de Bary, who gave a full account of its morphology and mode of parasitism in his paper, "Zur Kenntnis insektentodtender Pilze," in 1867. In France, the disease of silkworms caused by this fungus is known as Muscardine, from the supposed resemblance of the affected insect to a sugared almond. In 1891, Delacroix described a similar species, which occurred on a cockchafer, as Botrytis tenella and, with Brongniart, another species on the migratory locust of Algeria, as Botrytis Acridiorum.