- Email: [email protected]
Biomarkers in basics, clinical and translational research to get the translational pipeline succeeded
Meta Gene 17 (2018?) S4–S8
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Meta Gene j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s e v i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / m g e n e
BRCM 2018 Symposium abstracts Biomarkers in basics, clinical and translational research to get the translational pipeline succeeded Anastasiia Voronkova Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research as well as in translational research has become so commonplace that their presence as primary endpoints in clinical trials is now accepted almost without question. In basic research they play an important role of milestones during the verification of theory of disease pathway. In clinical practice biomarkers are used to evaluate drug efficiency and for patients' condition monitoring. And eventually translational research is hardly thinkable without a deep system of multilevel biomarkers. In this speech current progress and issues of biomarker armamentarium will be discussed.
doi:10.1016/j.mgene.2018.05.012
Nanobiotechnologies and nanobiomicroscopy as a new research, clinical and educational tool to biomedicine Vladimir Oleinikov National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Russia E-mail address: [email protected]
nano-tools from the point of view of extracting, analyzing and presentation of extensive data. This report considers various types of nano- and micro-instruments for diagnostics and therapy (mainly based on conjugates of biological molecules with semiconductor fluorescent nanocrystals and plasmonic nanoparticles from noble metals) as well as ways to develop macroinstruments, mainly associated with the transition from correlation microscopic methods to micro spectroscopic and to use all the power of scanning probe microscopy techniques. A new dimensional vertical from nano to macro has already yielded new nano-, micro- and macro-tools. There is also a strong need in a new level of expertise in research, technical approaches and instruments. We are also going to consider issues related to education and training of high level specialists to work with the newest nano and macro-tools in medicine. doi:10.1016/j.mgene.2018.05.013
Neurotoxic peptides and proteins: biomarkers for screening and identifying ion channel subtypes in healthy/diseased conditions and for drug design Victor Tsetlin Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS and MEPhI, Moscow, Russia MEPhI, Moscow, Russia E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract
Abstract The rapid development of nanotechnology, further miniaturization and possibility to place an increasing number of functional elements in all the smaller volumes dictate the drifting of classical medicine to nanomedicine, namely, to the creation of increasingly sophisticated nanodevices that can effectively label, identify, and denote the boundaries of damaged tissues from healthy ones. Now, we have an opportunity to create micro- and nanosensors, to determine the parameters in local areas of biological cells and tissues. Multicolor systems, so-called fluorescently encoded colloidal microchips, are developed and created, allowing to carry out diagnostics, simultaneously fixing a large complex of characteristic features and markers. Multifunctional micro- and nanoparticles are increasingly being used as carriers for targeting drugs to their targets, providing programmable or/and controlled release of drug agents. A limitation that prevents the comprehensive use of modern microand nano-tools is the backlog in the development of macro instruments that do not always and not completely implement the possibilities of 2214-5400/$ – see front matter
Cys-loop receptors comprising nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), glycine-, ionotropic GABA and serotonin receptors exist as several subtypes differing in localization and role in normal functioning/pathologies. Contrary to antibodies, their identification is more efficient with neurotoxic peptides and proteins from animal venoms, highly selectivity for a particular receptor subtype. Naturallyoccurring neurotoxins are used in electrophysiology, while their radioactive/fluorescent derivatives help to measure the receptor subtypes at normal state and diseases. Such measurements are important, for example, for α4β2 nAChRs involved in nicotine addiction, for α7 neuronal nAChRs implicated in β-amyloid peptide binding and for “non-neuronal” α7 nAChR regulating anti-inflammatory response and lung cancer growth. X-ray analysis of the neurotoxin complexes with the receptor models shed light on the binding sites and on possible functional effects of certain disease-associated mutations. Neurotoxins give hints for new drugs or become drugs themselves: like a strong analgesic ω-conotoxin (Prialt) blocking one Ca2+ channel
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Meta Gene j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s e v i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / m g e n e
BRCM 2018 Symposium abstracts Biomarkers in basics, clinical and translational research to get the translational pipeline succeeded Anastasiia Voronkova Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research as well as in translational research has become so commonplace that their presence as primary endpoints in clinical trials is now accepted almost without question. In basic research they play an important role of milestones during the verification of theory of disease pathway. In clinical practice biomarkers are used to evaluate drug efficiency and for patients' condition monitoring. And eventually translational research is hardly thinkable without a deep system of multilevel biomarkers. In this speech current progress and issues of biomarker armamentarium will be discussed.
doi:10.1016/j.mgene.2018.05.012
Nanobiotechnologies and nanobiomicroscopy as a new research, clinical and educational tool to biomedicine Vladimir Oleinikov National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Russia E-mail address: [email protected]
nano-tools from the point of view of extracting, analyzing and presentation of extensive data. This report considers various types of nano- and micro-instruments for diagnostics and therapy (mainly based on conjugates of biological molecules with semiconductor fluorescent nanocrystals and plasmonic nanoparticles from noble metals) as well as ways to develop macroinstruments, mainly associated with the transition from correlation microscopic methods to micro spectroscopic and to use all the power of scanning probe microscopy techniques. A new dimensional vertical from nano to macro has already yielded new nano-, micro- and macro-tools. There is also a strong need in a new level of expertise in research, technical approaches and instruments. We are also going to consider issues related to education and training of high level specialists to work with the newest nano and macro-tools in medicine. doi:10.1016/j.mgene.2018.05.013
Neurotoxic peptides and proteins: biomarkers for screening and identifying ion channel subtypes in healthy/diseased conditions and for drug design Victor Tsetlin Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS and MEPhI, Moscow, Russia MEPhI, Moscow, Russia E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract
Abstract The rapid development of nanotechnology, further miniaturization and possibility to place an increasing number of functional elements in all the smaller volumes dictate the drifting of classical medicine to nanomedicine, namely, to the creation of increasingly sophisticated nanodevices that can effectively label, identify, and denote the boundaries of damaged tissues from healthy ones. Now, we have an opportunity to create micro- and nanosensors, to determine the parameters in local areas of biological cells and tissues. Multicolor systems, so-called fluorescently encoded colloidal microchips, are developed and created, allowing to carry out diagnostics, simultaneously fixing a large complex of characteristic features and markers. Multifunctional micro- and nanoparticles are increasingly being used as carriers for targeting drugs to their targets, providing programmable or/and controlled release of drug agents. A limitation that prevents the comprehensive use of modern microand nano-tools is the backlog in the development of macro instruments that do not always and not completely implement the possibilities of 2214-5400/$ – see front matter
Cys-loop receptors comprising nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), glycine-, ionotropic GABA and serotonin receptors exist as several subtypes differing in localization and role in normal functioning/pathologies. Contrary to antibodies, their identification is more efficient with neurotoxic peptides and proteins from animal venoms, highly selectivity for a particular receptor subtype. Naturallyoccurring neurotoxins are used in electrophysiology, while their radioactive/fluorescent derivatives help to measure the receptor subtypes at normal state and diseases. Such measurements are important, for example, for α4β2 nAChRs involved in nicotine addiction, for α7 neuronal nAChRs implicated in β-amyloid peptide binding and for “non-neuronal” α7 nAChR regulating anti-inflammatory response and lung cancer growth. X-ray analysis of the neurotoxin complexes with the receptor models shed light on the binding sites and on possible functional effects of certain disease-associated mutations. Neurotoxins give hints for new drugs or become drugs themselves: like a strong analgesic ω-conotoxin (Prialt) blocking one Ca2+ channel