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Biomaterials for application in bone tissue engineering
Special Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 150S (2010) S1–S576
[P-M.78] Biomaterials for application in bone tissue engineering A.J.R. Lasprilla 1 , G.A.R. Martinez 1 , B.H. Lunelli 1 , A.L. Jardini 2 , R. Maciel Filho 1,2,∗ 1 Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control,School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas,Campinas, SP, Brazil 2 Institute of Biofabrication, Campinas, SP, Brazil Keywords: Biofabrication; Tissue engineering; Biopolymers; Regenerative medicine
The development of biomaterials with required characteristics for application in bone tissue engineering is one of the great challenges of research and study as focus on the development of biomimetic material capable of eliciting specifics response in cell, with aim of tissue new form. For a long time, tissue lesion, usually originated from mechanical trauma or degenerative diseases, brought problems on the basis of the few available therapeutic resources. With increasing human life expectancy, the search for methodologies to replace lesioned tissues has become a necessity. Biomaterials are used in the medical field in the form of implants or devices with the aim of replacing and / or restore the function of organisms or tissues traumatized or degenerated, to correct lesions and improve the quality of human life. Due to their excellent biocompatibility, poly(lactones) such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), and poly(caprolactone) (PCL), as well as their copolymers are becoming the most commonly used synthetic as biodegradable polymers in the medical field. It is difficult to obtain a material with all the properties required for an application, but the diversification of biopolymers applications is such that a single polymer may prove useful in many applications by simple modifications of its physical-chemical structure. This paper presents a review on chemical and mechanical properties of these poly(lactones), their applications on regeneration of bone tissue or other biomedical purposes, and an others important characteristics. It focuses mainly on the different process for modifications, such as copolymerization with other lactone-type monomers, hydrophilic macromonomers, or other monomers with functional groups (such as amino and carboxylic groups, etc.), and blending polymer with other ones. Surface modifications are discussed too as a method for modification. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.666 [P-M.79] Dietary supplementation with tBHQ, an Nrf2 stabilizer molecule, confers neuroprotection against apoptosis in amyloid beta-injected rat Solaleh Khoramian Tusi ∗ , Fatemeh Nouhi, Azadeh Abdi, Fariba Khodagholi Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Amyloid beta; Nrf2; tBHQ Introduction: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) coordinates the up-regulation of cytoprotective genes via the antioxidant response element that is a critical event in the Alzhaimer’s disease. So we studied to determine whether in vivo toxicity of amyloid  (A) can be attenuated by tBHQ, an Nrf2 stabilizer.
S455
Methods: The rats were divided equally to four groups of six rats each. The first group fed with control food. The second group received tBHQ-supplemented food. The third group were injected by A while fed with control food. The fourth group fed tBHQ and then injected by A 7 days later. 13 days after A injection, the amount of Nrf2, ␥-glutamylcysteine synthetase (␥-GCS), hemeoxygenase (HO-1), NF-B, heat shock protein-70 (Hsp-70), Caspase-3 were assayed using Western blot. Moreover the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH, A and apoptotic positive cells were determined. Results and discussion: In group 2, that received tBHQ, Nrf2, ␥-GCS, HO-1 and GSH were increased compared to control 1.12, 2.04, 1.03, 1.22 fold, respectively. In A-injected rats NF-B, Hsp70, Caspase-3 and MDA were increased 2.1, 1.4, 5.2 and 1.48 fold, respectively. In the same time, GSH level was decreased 1.51 fold. TUNEL assay showed several TUNEL-positive (apoptotic) cells in A-injected rats versus control. However tBHQ pre-administration did not induce apoptosis. tBHQ-pretreatment caused a significant increase in the level of Nrf2, ␥-GCS, HO-1, Hsp-70 and GSH in Ainjected rats; concomitantly, NF-B, Caspase-3, MDA and A levels were decreased, which shows its neuroprotective effect through, first its ability to initiate phase 2 gene, second attenuation of A-induced caspase-3 activity, third inhibition of NF-B, concomitantly, increase of Hsp-70 and finally decrease of A accumulation in rat brain. Conclusion: In this work, tBHQ treatment for 1 week prior to A injection protected against the oxidative damage, apoptosis and A accumulation in A-injected rats. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.667 [P-M.80] Application of Nano-carbon black immuno-Chromatographic test (NCBICT) on Human Serum Albumin Chih-I Chen 2 , Chia-Cheng Hwang 2 , Chen-Tung Huang 2 , HuiChuan Tseng 3 , Hua-Bing Chen 1 , Yung-Chuan Liu 1,∗ 1
National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taiwan 3 Nanya institude of Technology, Taiwan Keywords: Human serum albumin; Antibody; Urinary microalbumin; Point-of-care-testing 2
In this study, the preparation of nano-particle carbon black was different from the existed publication. Antibody against human serum albumin (anti-HSA) was colored by adsorbing with nanoparticle size carbon black. Investigation of many influential factors, it need remove the excess of the antibody to avoid the color error when carbon black was absorbed with antibody. Using a low salt concentration as the mobile phase can be avoided stock in the column, the particle size of carbon black is below 100 nm by transmission electron microscopy measurement, it can be reached saturation when the adsorption time excess 200 min. If the antibody mass ratio is 1:4, a straight line relation is shown at 0 ∼ 30 g/ml. This research purpose is to develop a kind of fast quantitative method that is suitable to point-of-care-testing (POCT), and provide the clinical personnel a powerful tool to examine microalbumin level in urine of diabetic patients on-site of medical care. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.668
[P-M.78] Biomaterials for application in bone tissue engineering A.J.R. Lasprilla 1 , G.A.R. Martinez 1 , B.H. Lunelli 1 , A.L. Jardini 2 , R. Maciel Filho 1,2,∗ 1 Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control,School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas,Campinas, SP, Brazil 2 Institute of Biofabrication, Campinas, SP, Brazil Keywords: Biofabrication; Tissue engineering; Biopolymers; Regenerative medicine
The development of biomaterials with required characteristics for application in bone tissue engineering is one of the great challenges of research and study as focus on the development of biomimetic material capable of eliciting specifics response in cell, with aim of tissue new form. For a long time, tissue lesion, usually originated from mechanical trauma or degenerative diseases, brought problems on the basis of the few available therapeutic resources. With increasing human life expectancy, the search for methodologies to replace lesioned tissues has become a necessity. Biomaterials are used in the medical field in the form of implants or devices with the aim of replacing and / or restore the function of organisms or tissues traumatized or degenerated, to correct lesions and improve the quality of human life. Due to their excellent biocompatibility, poly(lactones) such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), and poly(caprolactone) (PCL), as well as their copolymers are becoming the most commonly used synthetic as biodegradable polymers in the medical field. It is difficult to obtain a material with all the properties required for an application, but the diversification of biopolymers applications is such that a single polymer may prove useful in many applications by simple modifications of its physical-chemical structure. This paper presents a review on chemical and mechanical properties of these poly(lactones), their applications on regeneration of bone tissue or other biomedical purposes, and an others important characteristics. It focuses mainly on the different process for modifications, such as copolymerization with other lactone-type monomers, hydrophilic macromonomers, or other monomers with functional groups (such as amino and carboxylic groups, etc.), and blending polymer with other ones. Surface modifications are discussed too as a method for modification. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.666 [P-M.79] Dietary supplementation with tBHQ, an Nrf2 stabilizer molecule, confers neuroprotection against apoptosis in amyloid beta-injected rat Solaleh Khoramian Tusi ∗ , Fatemeh Nouhi, Azadeh Abdi, Fariba Khodagholi Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Amyloid beta; Nrf2; tBHQ Introduction: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) coordinates the up-regulation of cytoprotective genes via the antioxidant response element that is a critical event in the Alzhaimer’s disease. So we studied to determine whether in vivo toxicity of amyloid  (A) can be attenuated by tBHQ, an Nrf2 stabilizer.
S455
Methods: The rats were divided equally to four groups of six rats each. The first group fed with control food. The second group received tBHQ-supplemented food. The third group were injected by A while fed with control food. The fourth group fed tBHQ and then injected by A 7 days later. 13 days after A injection, the amount of Nrf2, ␥-glutamylcysteine synthetase (␥-GCS), hemeoxygenase (HO-1), NF-B, heat shock protein-70 (Hsp-70), Caspase-3 were assayed using Western blot. Moreover the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH, A and apoptotic positive cells were determined. Results and discussion: In group 2, that received tBHQ, Nrf2, ␥-GCS, HO-1 and GSH were increased compared to control 1.12, 2.04, 1.03, 1.22 fold, respectively. In A-injected rats NF-B, Hsp70, Caspase-3 and MDA were increased 2.1, 1.4, 5.2 and 1.48 fold, respectively. In the same time, GSH level was decreased 1.51 fold. TUNEL assay showed several TUNEL-positive (apoptotic) cells in A-injected rats versus control. However tBHQ pre-administration did not induce apoptosis. tBHQ-pretreatment caused a significant increase in the level of Nrf2, ␥-GCS, HO-1, Hsp-70 and GSH in Ainjected rats; concomitantly, NF-B, Caspase-3, MDA and A levels were decreased, which shows its neuroprotective effect through, first its ability to initiate phase 2 gene, second attenuation of A-induced caspase-3 activity, third inhibition of NF-B, concomitantly, increase of Hsp-70 and finally decrease of A accumulation in rat brain. Conclusion: In this work, tBHQ treatment for 1 week prior to A injection protected against the oxidative damage, apoptosis and A accumulation in A-injected rats. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.667 [P-M.80] Application of Nano-carbon black immuno-Chromatographic test (NCBICT) on Human Serum Albumin Chih-I Chen 2 , Chia-Cheng Hwang 2 , Chen-Tung Huang 2 , HuiChuan Tseng 3 , Hua-Bing Chen 1 , Yung-Chuan Liu 1,∗ 1
National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taiwan 3 Nanya institude of Technology, Taiwan Keywords: Human serum albumin; Antibody; Urinary microalbumin; Point-of-care-testing 2
In this study, the preparation of nano-particle carbon black was different from the existed publication. Antibody against human serum albumin (anti-HSA) was colored by adsorbing with nanoparticle size carbon black. Investigation of many influential factors, it need remove the excess of the antibody to avoid the color error when carbon black was absorbed with antibody. Using a low salt concentration as the mobile phase can be avoided stock in the column, the particle size of carbon black is below 100 nm by transmission electron microscopy measurement, it can be reached saturation when the adsorption time excess 200 min. If the antibody mass ratio is 1:4, a straight line relation is shown at 0 ∼ 30 g/ml. This research purpose is to develop a kind of fast quantitative method that is suitable to point-of-care-testing (POCT), and provide the clinical personnel a powerful tool to examine microalbumin level in urine of diabetic patients on-site of medical care. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.668