- Email: [email protected]
Biotelemetry system of humans
Copyright© IFAC Programmable Devices and Embedded Systems Bmo, Czech Republic, 2006
l:
1(,C
L>
Publications
BIOTELEMETRY SYSTEM OF HUMANS
M Pt'ohakt'I', M.Cel'D)·, L. Martinak, J. SpiSak
Faculty oJ electrical engineering I 'S8 - lee/micaluniversity oJOstrava
Departmelll oJ measurement and control 17.listopadu 15. 708 33 Ostrava - Yoruba marek.penhakeri,[i:vsh.cz. marlill. cernyiii'vsh. cz. lukas. [email protected], jan.spisak(!i'vsb.cz
Ahstract: The mohile telemetry system ofhiological parameters serves for reading and wireless data translCr of measured val ues of selected biological parameters to an outlying computer. Tt concerns hasically long time monitoring of vital function of car pilot. The goal of this projects is to propose mobile telemetry system lor reading, wireless transfer and processing of biological paramcters of car pilot during physical and psychical stress. It has to be made with respect to minimal consumption, weight and maximal device mobility. This system has to eliminate signal noi se, which is created by biological artefacts and disturbances during the data transfer. Copyright ©20051FllC Keywords: Biotelemetry, Bluetooth, Breath frequency , ECG , Plethysmograph, Tempcrature, Velocity
I.
The nex1 significant fact is that hy monitoring of pilot 'S vital functions is in somc mcasurc possible to consider a quality of the car construction with respect to comfort and safety. By means of pilot ' s life functions distant monitoring it is possible to judge objectively pilot's abilities necessary for driving the formula and thereby to minimize the car accidence chance caused by sudden change of health (e.g. exhaustion, sickness, tiredness, cardiac arrest).
Il\TRODUCTION
This work was created on the hasis of need of scanning and telemetry transmission of biological parameters at car pilots at Eco Shell Marathon. Many sports events require the possibility of the scanning (both short-term and long-term ones) of biological parameters at sportsmen or FI car pilots straight during the physical and psychical stress. By force of telemetry syskm, it is then actually pussible to monitor hasic vital functions activity like ECG, heartbeat and breathe frequency, blood oxidation, temperature. In addition, it is possible to monitor and judge to what degree the stress affects these hasic vital functions e.g. while driving the Fl car when heightened concentration and pilot's increased reactions at the high speed are needed.
This work also treats of usage the Bluetooth technology in biomedical engineering. The I3luetooth technology is used for wireless transmission of some hiological signals from measuring device to computer or communication ccntrc to short distance range. Measuring devices including Bluetooth could bc more mobile , the manipulation with thesc devices could he easier and there couldn 't be emplacement problems.
406
Cable replacement is benefit for user. User get more comfort, the manipulation with device is easier. The device is more flexible and more useable. There is the possibility to create wireless network set up from more devices. It is possible to communicate with notebooks, PDA or mobile phones.
The telemetric chain consist of several functional blocs meant for scanning the biological signals from the pilot signal processing and wireless transmition to a distance computer. Thc measuring instrumcnts consist of OEM modules ChipOx and ECG I 00 read the biological parameters (Sp02, plethysmography, body temperature, temperature of surroundings, ECG, pulse rate, breathe frcquency al so car spccd), that arc brought to inputs of communication module . The output of the communication module is linked to radio module meant to transmission all these parameters to a distant radio modem of receiver. The receiver is linked to computer that monitors scanned biological parameters. The completely telemetric chain uses communication interface RS232 that means the connection of apparatuses that read biological paramcters by the communication module and connection of communication module with sending radio module and subsequently connection of receiving radio module to computer through this interlace.
2. MATERIALS ANDMETIIODS On the chosen biological parameters, it is possible to monitor the basic life activities that directly reflect actual physical and psychical state of the pilot's state while driving the car in extreme situations. Next condition is not to disturb pilot while scanning the biological pammeters. The pilot has to feci comfortably without even a small sensation that his body is connected to system of sensors. Similarly it must be sccurcd thc signal artcfacts (motion artefacts, artefact caused by imperfect connection of a scan electrode and a skin, etc.) not to be transmitted into scanned signal owing to pilot's movcmcnt.
There is other possibility to connect modules with communication module by I31uetooth wireless communication.
The following criterion for the choice of scanned biological paramcters was an casy acccssibility o[ our own scnsors and modules for measurcment scanned biological parameters and its alfordable price.
Bluetooth modules which were chosen for realization Uluetooth communication can be used as a component in many types of systems allowing them to communicate wirelessly with other Bluetooth products such as PC-cards, laptops, handhcld computers and mobile phones. It allows with an RS232 port or UART interface to communicate wirelessly via I31uetooth with other I3luetooth devices. The module can be configured using the Windows based configuration wizard or using AT commands. It supports Gcneric access profile, Scrial port profile, Dial-up profile and LAN access profile. The module is qualified according to the I3luetooth 1.1 specification. Next function o[ this module is Wireless multidrop. Thi s feature allows the module to simultaneously communicate with up to three remote I3luetooth devices depending on application and cases. The module automatically forms a wi reless multi drop network and distri butes all data to all connected devices.
The system scans and processes an electrocardiogram, pulse rate, blood saturation by the oxygen (Sp02), plethysmography , body and surroundings tempcrature, breathe frequenc y and car speed.
COfnrr,un:catioo module
I. I.
Plethysmograph ChipOx
Plethysmograph OEM module ChipOx measures the non-invasive saturation by oxygen (Sp02), plethysmogram, pulse rate, body temperature and temperature of surroundings. ChipOx offers 3 analog voltage inputs with maximal input voltage 2400 m V [or the mcasurement of other parameters, which are each sampled with a maximum of 100 J-Iz, 12 Bits. The sampling rate and the input voltage ranges are freely configurable over thc communication protocol. Fig. 1. Designed telemetry chain
407
These inputs were used [or body temperature and temperature of surroundings measurement , breathe frequency and car speed were temperature sensor were proposed and realized,
1.3.
Temperature Sensors
The temperature sensors were proposed and constructed for the body temperature and surrounding temperature scanning , Sensor ' s foundation is intcgratcd circuit AD22 103. Thc integrated circuit AD22103 by Analog Devices is monolithic temperature sensor designed for supply \'oltage 33V that includes the temperature thermistor scnsor and circuits for data proccssing on onc chip. The output is voltage signal that is possible to bring on input A iD convener with no extra wmplicatcd modification. The reali7.ed temperature sensors are distinguished mainly by high sensitivity, quick response for temperature change and by sufficient accuracy.
Thc plctysmograph is powcrcd from nctwork adaptor or from the banery b\' DC voltage 4,5V. For wireless communication w1th surroundings is the instrument equipped with Rluetooth technology (that is [or short distancc communication), it is possiblc to connect the instrument to any radio module supporting the intcrlilCc RS232 for longcr distance data transmi ssion.
Fig. 2. OEM module ChipOx connected with Bluetooth module
1.2.
Fig. 4 . Conncction of tcmpcraturc scnsor to thc A iD converter
t.'lectrocardiograph t.'CG 100
Electrocardiograph OEM module ECG lOO IS intcndcd for scanning and mcasuring electrocardiogram (I, III Einthovens lead) with the assistance o[ stick electrodes. Power supply of thc instrument is secured by DC voltage ,)V from the network adaptor or banerv. The instrument is provided, identically as a pleth\'smograph, by ChipOx for the communication with the surroundings. It can communicate by UART protocol.
x Fig. 5. Rody temperature sensor
1.4.
Breathe freiJllell(V
Rreathe frequency sensor was proposed and construcled for connccting to the no,., . Ther., I, connection of breathe frequency sensor on Fig. 6.
AMP
Fig. 3 . OEM module ECG 100 connected with Bluetooth module
fig. 6. Principle scheme frequcncy
408
the measure of breathe
Th"r" are two thermistors R, and ~ in th" Wh"aston bridge. Thermistor R, scans the temperature inside the nose and thermistor ~ scans the temperature outside the nose (see on Fig. 7). The result of this configuration is scanning breath and breathing out through the nose.
1.6.
Communication Afodule
The proposed communication module is an apparatus used for data collection and data transmission dir"ctly into comput"r with assistanc" of serial cable or into transmitter for wireless transmission into distant computer. The data represent measured quantity from plethysmograph and electrocardiograph.
Fig. 9 . Intcrnal structurc of communication module The module has two data inputs for connection tn measuring instruments ChipOx and ECG100 and data input for connection of module to PC or transmitter for wireless communication. One of the main demands for this module is module was to all the data inputs and outputs was designed for serial communication RS232. The purpose of communication module is to receive data from two mcasuring instrumcnts and to scnd thcm through the serial cable or wirelessl), to computer. The data that arc the outcomc of the module bring information about all measured biological parameters like ECG , pulse. plethysmogram. Sp02 and temperature. The ground of the enti re circuit arrangement is composed ofthrcc microprocessors trom MCUI to MCU3 from the data transmission view. The microprocessors secure an actual data transmission in the way that data from two inputs are suitably unilied into one output. Since (Because) the microprocessors work at voltage levcl TTL by data commullicatioll, it is ncecssary to adapt both inputs and outputs into the same level. because the circumferences connected to terminal works usually in levels of RS232. The circuits MAX232 are used for this purpose.
Fig. 7. The sensor of breathe frcqucncy on the nose and sensor only The amplifier AMP is consisted of accurate operating amplifier AD524 [10]. The differential voltage U R, - UR-1 is ampliti"d by lOO. The maximum output voltage is 2V, which it directly connected to ChipOx.
1.5.
Car speed
Car sp"ed is measured by magnetic sensor. Th"re is a reed relay as magnetic sensor near a wheel of car. Impulses from a reed relay are processed by converter fiU.
converter flU
74LU3
1. Fig. 8. Principle scheme
1. 7.
the measure of car speed
HI/diu mudems ADAM 4550/ul' wireless data trallsmis,fj;otl
The radio modems are used to its own wireless biological parameters transmission between the communication modulc and distant <.;Omputcr at thc distance of 05 to 2 km. ADAM 4550 are types of radio modems that work at frequency of 2,4 Gllz. Communication with module is set in serial I inc through thc converter RS 232!RS 485 with transmission speed up to 1152 Kbps. By using thc directional antenna . it is possible to communicate for distancc up to 20 km.
Intcgrated circuit ADS37 is a core 0[" the convcrtcr frequency to voltage . The AD537 [10] be used as a high lincarity VCO in a phase locked loop I'LL to accomplish frequency-to-voltage conversion by operating thc loop without a low-pass liltcr in the feedback path. The input signal should he a pulse train or square wave from reed relay with characteristics similar to TTL or S-volt CMOS outputs. The output voltage is 2V for a 100 IIz input frcquency.
409
3. TREATMENT The whole apparatus for scanning and telemetry transmission of biological parameters was tnsted lrom thc point of vicw its complete functionality with the use of radio modules both for wireless data transmission and also "ithout it by connecting measuring instrument with communication module to computer through serial cable. The electrocardiograph ECG I 00 and plethysmograph ChipOx were plugged to inputs of communication module. As proofing electrocardiogram were used simulated signals from monitoring tester TESLA LCOI20, which similarly generated the pulse rate.
For point-to-point communication were designed three versions of J31uetooth communications parameters. The Bluetooth communication was realized by referenced J31uetooth modules at the computer and device side too. At the basic settings were set up name of Rluetooth device and selected possibility to set up the Bluetooth parameters by Rluetooth. Ncx1 was selected operation mode connectable and discoverable. The other devices can connect to it and it can be found when other devices are performi ng searches. For point-to-multipoint communication was possible to use on computer side USB Bluetooth dongle or referenced Bluetooth module and its function for creating point-to-multipoint network - Wireless multidrop. But ancr tcsts it was clear that this function (Wireless multidrop) isn 't accordant with cngagcd wants. As a conscqucncc was choscn USB Bluetooth dongle BT-GOO from ACER Company. This USB dongle can work by standard driver lor Bluetooth communications included in operating svsl\;m WindowsXP (2nd service pack). This driver p'rovides to create more than one virtual serial port. The first was tested point-to-point communication between computer with USB Bluetooth dongle and measuring devices via Bluetooth. Afterwards was dcsigncd and rcalizcd point-to-multipoint conncction between referenced USB Bluetooth dongle and all other rclcrenccd deviccs. Aner the far devices with Rluetooth module were found by the USB Rluetooth dongle (more precisely by drivers in operating svstem). were these devices added to list of Dluetooth devices. Each of found devices gets own virtual serial port. In the visualisation software, which was created too , was set up only correct name of virtual serial port for each dcvice, and communication could start.
Fig. 10. Biotelemetric systcm lor monitoring base vital functions of race driver, with wireless data transmitting Thc plethysmogram and blood saturation by oxygen were praeticably scanned by finger sensor that were connected to plethysmograph. ChipOx. During the trial period was the last scanned parameter the temperature of surroundings scanned by realized temperature sensor. The temperature detector, hreath frequency and car speed sensor were linked to one from three analogue input of Chip()x. In addition to the first temperature detector. the second temperature sensor was also connected to perform an oricntation comparative measurement.
Part of this work is the sollware for visualisation and saving measured data too . This software, named mOMONITOR is developed in development system Labvicw from National instrumcnts, vcrsion 6 .1. The most importnnt demands were easy intuitive control and very good lucidity of user interface.
The next step was tested communication between referenced devices and computer by stnndard serial line. It was \!ood for test or runctionality or devices and ability of communication. Then can be designed, realizcd and tcstcd Bluelooth communication. Thc first it was point-to-point communication afterwards the point-to-multipoint communication. It was crcatcd wirelcss nctwork of all rcfcrcnecd dcviccs.
It was designed and realized user interface, where each group of measured val ues has own colour of chart or more precisely colour of background. The part of final sonwdrc is the Terminal too. Terminal allows to user select which values would to measure at that time. Depending on it the user interface is changcd and user can scc only that charts and groups of indicators, which are need to indicate measured data.
It is necessarY to set up correct communication protocol of s;rial communication between device (computer) and Rluetooth module the first. Afkrwards could be set up the parameters of Bluetooth communication.
410
They could
Fig. 11. I3IOMONITOR user interlace
4.
RESlJJ TS
t).
Thc aim of this work was thc proposal ofa telemctric system for biological parameters measurement at FI pilot for Eco Shdl - Marathon. The kit:metnc systcm proposal licd in thc selccllon of sUltablc biological parameters that preferably testified about an actual physical and psychical state of pIlot whtle driving the car, furthermore in selection and desIgn of biological paramctcrs scnsors, also proposal and implementation of communication module that IS used for electrocardiograph and plethvsmograph communication with distant computer.
The work and the contribution were supported by the project Grant Agency of Czech Republic Architectures of embedded sy~tem networks, No. 1O:Y65!057 1
REFERLNCES
Bronzino. J. D. (1')')5). file Biomedical t;ngineering IIandhook ,CRC Press Vitovcc. J. (1 ')7')): Telemelrie a prenus dal, prvni vvdillll. (VUT. Praha Penh~ker, M., lmramovsky, M., Tic1cnbach, P., Kobza, F. (2004). Ukm'ske dia"noslicke pfis/roje IIcchn; lexty, VSB TU Ostrava Perez. R. (2002). DesiWI of medical electronic devices. Academic press. San Diego (USA) Rray. 1.. Sturman, Ch. (2002). Rlllet"oth I.I:cO/mecl . withrmt ca hies. Second edition. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River [New krsey] (USA) EnviteC-Wismar (2004). User ""lIIlIal Digital Plllse Oximeter Afodllle ChipOxlJ3:. Wismar GmbH (Germany) MCC GmgH & Co.KG (2002). Docllfllllelalion for OliAl t:CG boar,. Karlsruhe (Germany) connectRlue AB (200~). OF-M Serial Port AdapterlAf 2nd Generatiun t:lectrical & Mechanical DalasllCet. Malmo (Sweden) Mra7.0vu. J. (2005). Hio-~ignals classi fication into groups. In TRA,vSCOAfSection5 Mrizova. 1. (2005). Rozde1enie biosignaloy podra roznveh kriterii. In Trendy" RAfI 2005. 7.ilina Jdinek. M.. Dobd. J .. Pousek. L.. IIana. K. (2003). Using a Phonocardiography In: a Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement. In: ISSPIT 2003.
Also it was realized wirdess ndwork of medical devices. The network was realized by Bluetooth technology. For Bluctooth communication was used Bluetooth- modules created for serial cable replacement on the device side. On the computer side was uscd USB Bluctooth donglc. All thc systcm IS mobile and can be used in every computer whIch can cooperate with USB Bluctooth dongle. It can be used in computer which include anything else for realIze Bluetoolh communication. Realized devices can be supplied by accumulators. It is very good , because such devices are flexible and mobile. It was created sollware for visualization and saving measured data. Software is very easy to control and it is vcry wcll-dcsigned. Softwarc displays all the measured data at the time. The values measured at the analog inputs of ChipOx module are displayed and saved too.
5.
!\CK"IOWI.ElXiErvIEl'\T
CONCLIJSIONS
The contribution of this work is nominated functional teit:mdric system that can be used to long time monitoring of chosen biological parameters of pilot at &0 Shell - Marathon. Such a monitoring system is important while pilot's basic vital functions ~,onitoring. because it helps to reveal state of health <:hanl!es on time. Pilot does not have to notice them in su~h a high speed because of higher claims to his attention.
411
l:
1(,C
L>
Publications
BIOTELEMETRY SYSTEM OF HUMANS
M Pt'ohakt'I', M.Cel'D)·, L. Martinak, J. SpiSak
Faculty oJ electrical engineering I 'S8 - lee/micaluniversity oJOstrava
Departmelll oJ measurement and control 17.listopadu 15. 708 33 Ostrava - Yoruba marek.penhakeri,[i:vsh.cz. marlill. cernyiii'vsh. cz. lukas. [email protected], jan.spisak(!i'vsb.cz
Ahstract: The mohile telemetry system ofhiological parameters serves for reading and wireless data translCr of measured val ues of selected biological parameters to an outlying computer. Tt concerns hasically long time monitoring of vital function of car pilot. The goal of this projects is to propose mobile telemetry system lor reading, wireless transfer and processing of biological paramcters of car pilot during physical and psychical stress. It has to be made with respect to minimal consumption, weight and maximal device mobility. This system has to eliminate signal noi se, which is created by biological artefacts and disturbances during the data transfer. Copyright ©20051FllC Keywords: Biotelemetry, Bluetooth, Breath frequency , ECG , Plethysmograph, Tempcrature, Velocity
I.
The nex1 significant fact is that hy monitoring of pilot 'S vital functions is in somc mcasurc possible to consider a quality of the car construction with respect to comfort and safety. By means of pilot ' s life functions distant monitoring it is possible to judge objectively pilot's abilities necessary for driving the formula and thereby to minimize the car accidence chance caused by sudden change of health (e.g. exhaustion, sickness, tiredness, cardiac arrest).
Il\TRODUCTION
This work was created on the hasis of need of scanning and telemetry transmission of biological parameters at car pilots at Eco Shell Marathon. Many sports events require the possibility of the scanning (both short-term and long-term ones) of biological parameters at sportsmen or FI car pilots straight during the physical and psychical stress. By force of telemetry syskm, it is then actually pussible to monitor hasic vital functions activity like ECG, heartbeat and breathe frequency, blood oxidation, temperature. In addition, it is possible to monitor and judge to what degree the stress affects these hasic vital functions e.g. while driving the Fl car when heightened concentration and pilot's increased reactions at the high speed are needed.
This work also treats of usage the Bluetooth technology in biomedical engineering. The I3luetooth technology is used for wireless transmission of some hiological signals from measuring device to computer or communication ccntrc to short distance range. Measuring devices including Bluetooth could bc more mobile , the manipulation with thesc devices could he easier and there couldn 't be emplacement problems.
406
Cable replacement is benefit for user. User get more comfort, the manipulation with device is easier. The device is more flexible and more useable. There is the possibility to create wireless network set up from more devices. It is possible to communicate with notebooks, PDA or mobile phones.
The telemetric chain consist of several functional blocs meant for scanning the biological signals from the pilot signal processing and wireless transmition to a distance computer. Thc measuring instrumcnts consist of OEM modules ChipOx and ECG I 00 read the biological parameters (Sp02, plethysmography, body temperature, temperature of surroundings, ECG, pulse rate, breathe frcquency al so car spccd), that arc brought to inputs of communication module . The output of the communication module is linked to radio module meant to transmission all these parameters to a distant radio modem of receiver. The receiver is linked to computer that monitors scanned biological parameters. The completely telemetric chain uses communication interface RS232 that means the connection of apparatuses that read biological paramcters by the communication module and connection of communication module with sending radio module and subsequently connection of receiving radio module to computer through this interlace.
2. MATERIALS ANDMETIIODS On the chosen biological parameters, it is possible to monitor the basic life activities that directly reflect actual physical and psychical state of the pilot's state while driving the car in extreme situations. Next condition is not to disturb pilot while scanning the biological pammeters. The pilot has to feci comfortably without even a small sensation that his body is connected to system of sensors. Similarly it must be sccurcd thc signal artcfacts (motion artefacts, artefact caused by imperfect connection of a scan electrode and a skin, etc.) not to be transmitted into scanned signal owing to pilot's movcmcnt.
There is other possibility to connect modules with communication module by I31uetooth wireless communication.
The following criterion for the choice of scanned biological paramcters was an casy acccssibility o[ our own scnsors and modules for measurcment scanned biological parameters and its alfordable price.
Bluetooth modules which were chosen for realization Uluetooth communication can be used as a component in many types of systems allowing them to communicate wirelessly with other Bluetooth products such as PC-cards, laptops, handhcld computers and mobile phones. It allows with an RS232 port or UART interface to communicate wirelessly via I31uetooth with other I3luetooth devices. The module can be configured using the Windows based configuration wizard or using AT commands. It supports Gcneric access profile, Scrial port profile, Dial-up profile and LAN access profile. The module is qualified according to the I3luetooth 1.1 specification. Next function o[ this module is Wireless multidrop. Thi s feature allows the module to simultaneously communicate with up to three remote I3luetooth devices depending on application and cases. The module automatically forms a wi reless multi drop network and distri butes all data to all connected devices.
The system scans and processes an electrocardiogram, pulse rate, blood saturation by the oxygen (Sp02), plethysmography , body and surroundings tempcrature, breathe frequenc y and car speed.
COfnrr,un:catioo module
I. I.
Plethysmograph ChipOx
Plethysmograph OEM module ChipOx measures the non-invasive saturation by oxygen (Sp02), plethysmogram, pulse rate, body temperature and temperature of surroundings. ChipOx offers 3 analog voltage inputs with maximal input voltage 2400 m V [or the mcasurement of other parameters, which are each sampled with a maximum of 100 J-Iz, 12 Bits. The sampling rate and the input voltage ranges are freely configurable over thc communication protocol. Fig. 1. Designed telemetry chain
407
These inputs were used [or body temperature and temperature of surroundings measurement , breathe frequency and car speed were temperature sensor were proposed and realized,
1.3.
Temperature Sensors
The temperature sensors were proposed and constructed for the body temperature and surrounding temperature scanning , Sensor ' s foundation is intcgratcd circuit AD22 103. Thc integrated circuit AD22103 by Analog Devices is monolithic temperature sensor designed for supply \'oltage 33V that includes the temperature thermistor scnsor and circuits for data proccssing on onc chip. The output is voltage signal that is possible to bring on input A iD convener with no extra wmplicatcd modification. The reali7.ed temperature sensors are distinguished mainly by high sensitivity, quick response for temperature change and by sufficient accuracy.
Thc plctysmograph is powcrcd from nctwork adaptor or from the banery b\' DC voltage 4,5V. For wireless communication w1th surroundings is the instrument equipped with Rluetooth technology (that is [or short distancc communication), it is possiblc to connect the instrument to any radio module supporting the intcrlilCc RS232 for longcr distance data transmi ssion.
Fig. 2. OEM module ChipOx connected with Bluetooth module
1.2.
Fig. 4 . Conncction of tcmpcraturc scnsor to thc A iD converter
t.'lectrocardiograph t.'CG 100
Electrocardiograph OEM module ECG lOO IS intcndcd for scanning and mcasuring electrocardiogram (I, III Einthovens lead) with the assistance o[ stick electrodes. Power supply of thc instrument is secured by DC voltage ,)V from the network adaptor or banerv. The instrument is provided, identically as a pleth\'smograph, by ChipOx for the communication with the surroundings. It can communicate by UART protocol.
x Fig. 5. Rody temperature sensor
1.4.
Breathe freiJllell(V
Rreathe frequency sensor was proposed and construcled for connccting to the no,., . Ther., I, connection of breathe frequency sensor on Fig. 6.
AMP
Fig. 3 . OEM module ECG 100 connected with Bluetooth module
fig. 6. Principle scheme frequcncy
408
the measure of breathe
Th"r" are two thermistors R, and ~ in th" Wh"aston bridge. Thermistor R, scans the temperature inside the nose and thermistor ~ scans the temperature outside the nose (see on Fig. 7). The result of this configuration is scanning breath and breathing out through the nose.
1.6.
Communication Afodule
The proposed communication module is an apparatus used for data collection and data transmission dir"ctly into comput"r with assistanc" of serial cable or into transmitter for wireless transmission into distant computer. The data represent measured quantity from plethysmograph and electrocardiograph.
Fig. 9 . Intcrnal structurc of communication module The module has two data inputs for connection tn measuring instruments ChipOx and ECG100 and data input for connection of module to PC or transmitter for wireless communication. One of the main demands for this module is module was to all the data inputs and outputs was designed for serial communication RS232. The purpose of communication module is to receive data from two mcasuring instrumcnts and to scnd thcm through the serial cable or wirelessl), to computer. The data that arc the outcomc of the module bring information about all measured biological parameters like ECG , pulse. plethysmogram. Sp02 and temperature. The ground of the enti re circuit arrangement is composed ofthrcc microprocessors trom MCUI to MCU3 from the data transmission view. The microprocessors secure an actual data transmission in the way that data from two inputs are suitably unilied into one output. Since (Because) the microprocessors work at voltage levcl TTL by data commullicatioll, it is ncecssary to adapt both inputs and outputs into the same level. because the circumferences connected to terminal works usually in levels of RS232. The circuits MAX232 are used for this purpose.
Fig. 7. The sensor of breathe frcqucncy on the nose and sensor only The amplifier AMP is consisted of accurate operating amplifier AD524 [10]. The differential voltage U R, - UR-1 is ampliti"d by lOO. The maximum output voltage is 2V, which it directly connected to ChipOx.
1.5.
Car speed
Car sp"ed is measured by magnetic sensor. Th"re is a reed relay as magnetic sensor near a wheel of car. Impulses from a reed relay are processed by converter fiU.
converter flU
74LU3
1. Fig. 8. Principle scheme
1. 7.
the measure of car speed
HI/diu mudems ADAM 4550/ul' wireless data trallsmis,fj;otl
The radio modems are used to its own wireless biological parameters transmission between the communication modulc and distant <.;Omputcr at thc distance of 05 to 2 km. ADAM 4550 are types of radio modems that work at frequency of 2,4 Gllz. Communication with module is set in serial I inc through thc converter RS 232!RS 485 with transmission speed up to 1152 Kbps. By using thc directional antenna . it is possible to communicate for distancc up to 20 km.
Intcgrated circuit ADS37 is a core 0[" the convcrtcr frequency to voltage . The AD537 [10] be used as a high lincarity VCO in a phase locked loop I'LL to accomplish frequency-to-voltage conversion by operating thc loop without a low-pass liltcr in the feedback path. The input signal should he a pulse train or square wave from reed relay with characteristics similar to TTL or S-volt CMOS outputs. The output voltage is 2V for a 100 IIz input frcquency.
409
3. TREATMENT The whole apparatus for scanning and telemetry transmission of biological parameters was tnsted lrom thc point of vicw its complete functionality with the use of radio modules both for wireless data transmission and also "ithout it by connecting measuring instrument with communication module to computer through serial cable. The electrocardiograph ECG I 00 and plethysmograph ChipOx were plugged to inputs of communication module. As proofing electrocardiogram were used simulated signals from monitoring tester TESLA LCOI20, which similarly generated the pulse rate.
For point-to-point communication were designed three versions of J31uetooth communications parameters. The Bluetooth communication was realized by referenced J31uetooth modules at the computer and device side too. At the basic settings were set up name of Rluetooth device and selected possibility to set up the Bluetooth parameters by Rluetooth. Ncx1 was selected operation mode connectable and discoverable. The other devices can connect to it and it can be found when other devices are performi ng searches. For point-to-multipoint communication was possible to use on computer side USB Bluetooth dongle or referenced Bluetooth module and its function for creating point-to-multipoint network - Wireless multidrop. But ancr tcsts it was clear that this function (Wireless multidrop) isn 't accordant with cngagcd wants. As a conscqucncc was choscn USB Bluetooth dongle BT-GOO from ACER Company. This USB dongle can work by standard driver lor Bluetooth communications included in operating svsl\;m WindowsXP (2nd service pack). This driver p'rovides to create more than one virtual serial port. The first was tested point-to-point communication between computer with USB Bluetooth dongle and measuring devices via Bluetooth. Afterwards was dcsigncd and rcalizcd point-to-multipoint conncction between referenced USB Bluetooth dongle and all other rclcrenccd deviccs. Aner the far devices with Rluetooth module were found by the USB Rluetooth dongle (more precisely by drivers in operating svstem). were these devices added to list of Dluetooth devices. Each of found devices gets own virtual serial port. In the visualisation software, which was created too , was set up only correct name of virtual serial port for each dcvice, and communication could start.
Fig. 10. Biotelemetric systcm lor monitoring base vital functions of race driver, with wireless data transmitting Thc plethysmogram and blood saturation by oxygen were praeticably scanned by finger sensor that were connected to plethysmograph. ChipOx. During the trial period was the last scanned parameter the temperature of surroundings scanned by realized temperature sensor. The temperature detector, hreath frequency and car speed sensor were linked to one from three analogue input of Chip()x. In addition to the first temperature detector. the second temperature sensor was also connected to perform an oricntation comparative measurement.
Part of this work is the sollware for visualisation and saving measured data too . This software, named mOMONITOR is developed in development system Labvicw from National instrumcnts, vcrsion 6 .1. The most importnnt demands were easy intuitive control and very good lucidity of user interface.
The next step was tested communication between referenced devices and computer by stnndard serial line. It was \!ood for test or runctionality or devices and ability of communication. Then can be designed, realizcd and tcstcd Bluelooth communication. Thc first it was point-to-point communication afterwards the point-to-multipoint communication. It was crcatcd wirelcss nctwork of all rcfcrcnecd dcviccs.
It was designed and realized user interface, where each group of measured val ues has own colour of chart or more precisely colour of background. The part of final sonwdrc is the Terminal too. Terminal allows to user select which values would to measure at that time. Depending on it the user interface is changcd and user can scc only that charts and groups of indicators, which are need to indicate measured data.
It is necessarY to set up correct communication protocol of s;rial communication between device (computer) and Rluetooth module the first. Afkrwards could be set up the parameters of Bluetooth communication.
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They could
Fig. 11. I3IOMONITOR user interlace
4.
RESlJJ TS
t).
Thc aim of this work was thc proposal ofa telemctric system for biological parameters measurement at FI pilot for Eco Shdl - Marathon. The kit:metnc systcm proposal licd in thc selccllon of sUltablc biological parameters that preferably testified about an actual physical and psychical state of pIlot whtle driving the car, furthermore in selection and desIgn of biological paramctcrs scnsors, also proposal and implementation of communication module that IS used for electrocardiograph and plethvsmograph communication with distant computer.
The work and the contribution were supported by the project Grant Agency of Czech Republic Architectures of embedded sy~tem networks, No. 1O:Y65!057 1
REFERLNCES
Bronzino. J. D. (1')')5). file Biomedical t;ngineering IIandhook ,CRC Press Vitovcc. J. (1 ')7')): Telemelrie a prenus dal, prvni vvdillll. (VUT. Praha Penh~ker, M., lmramovsky, M., Tic1cnbach, P., Kobza, F. (2004). Ukm'ske dia"noslicke pfis/roje IIcchn; lexty, VSB TU Ostrava Perez. R. (2002). DesiWI of medical electronic devices. Academic press. San Diego (USA) Rray. 1.. Sturman, Ch. (2002). Rlllet"oth I.I:cO/mecl . withrmt ca hies. Second edition. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River [New krsey] (USA) EnviteC-Wismar (2004). User ""lIIlIal Digital Plllse Oximeter Afodllle ChipOxlJ3:. Wismar GmbH (Germany) MCC GmgH & Co.KG (2002). Docllfllllelalion for OliAl t:CG boar,. Karlsruhe (Germany) connectRlue AB (200~). OF-M Serial Port AdapterlAf 2nd Generatiun t:lectrical & Mechanical DalasllCet. Malmo (Sweden) Mra7.0vu. J. (2005). Hio-~ignals classi fication into groups. In TRA,vSCOAfSection5 Mrizova. 1. (2005). Rozde1enie biosignaloy podra roznveh kriterii. In Trendy" RAfI 2005. 7.ilina Jdinek. M.. Dobd. J .. Pousek. L.. IIana. K. (2003). Using a Phonocardiography In: a Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement. In: ISSPIT 2003.
Also it was realized wirdess ndwork of medical devices. The network was realized by Bluetooth technology. For Bluctooth communication was used Bluetooth- modules created for serial cable replacement on the device side. On the computer side was uscd USB Bluctooth donglc. All thc systcm IS mobile and can be used in every computer whIch can cooperate with USB Bluctooth dongle. It can be used in computer which include anything else for realIze Bluetoolh communication. Realized devices can be supplied by accumulators. It is very good , because such devices are flexible and mobile. It was created sollware for visualization and saving measured data. Software is very easy to control and it is vcry wcll-dcsigned. Softwarc displays all the measured data at the time. The values measured at the analog inputs of ChipOx module are displayed and saved too.
5.
!\CK"IOWI.ElXiErvIEl'\T
CONCLIJSIONS
The contribution of this work is nominated functional teit:mdric system that can be used to long time monitoring of chosen biological parameters of pilot at &0 Shell - Marathon. Such a monitoring system is important while pilot's basic vital functions ~,onitoring. because it helps to reveal state of health <:hanl!es on time. Pilot does not have to notice them in su~h a high speed because of higher claims to his attention.
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