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Book Reviews
Book R eview s
ORAL CANCERS AND TU M O R S OF T H E JA W S
By G eorge S. Sharp, M .D ., W eldon K . Bullock, M .D ., and John W . Hazlet, D .D .S. 561 pages with 647 illustrations. In dex. $15. N ew York, M cG raw -H ill Book C o., 1956. This beautifully printed and well-illustrated book is intended as a teaching text and a reference guide for practitioners. It is divided into five parts: (1 ) introductory principles, (2 ) tumors o f the oral mucosa, (3 ) neoplasms o f the jaws, (4 ) quasi-tumors o f the jaws and (5 ) cysts o f the jaws. There are 25 chapters, each dealing with a particular region o f the body or type o f tumor. In each instance, the incidence, etiology, pathology, clinical char acteristics, treatment and prognosis are pre sented clearly and concisely. T h e book is adm irably planned for a quick and ready clinical reference, and the illustra tions provide additional h elpful guidance. Since this is primarily a clinical text to pro mote early recognition o f cancer and precancerous lesions, the m icroscopic pathology is presented only briefly, and there are no illustrations o f this phase o f diagnosis. R oen t genological observations, however, are well illustrated. T h e text should prove a useful and popular reference fo r the dental practitioner. Charles W . Freeman “ t h i s w o n ’ t H U R T A BIT”
By H addon R ow at. 141 pages. Price 12s. 6d. Bristol, England. John W right and Sons, Ltd., 1956. Here is an unusual book with an unusual title. It contains the musings and memories o f a British dental surgeon and is written in an adroit manner. T h e author practiced dentistry in many lands including the U .S .A ., Canada, Burma, China, India, Australia, Japan, Ceylon and South Africa. M any o f the chapters are m ainly anecdotal and autobiographical and cover the bad old days (w hen with full sanction o f law and re ligion, anyone cou ld practice dentistry), a glimpse o f the good old days, the m iddling years, some observations on the N ational Health Service o f Great Britain, unprofessional con duct, W hat is a good dentist?, on buying and selling practices, the need for behavior in struction to dental patients, poems o f a prac titioner, army dental services in retrospect,
«I
drug addicts and hallucinations under anes thetics, professional fees, dentistry in the light o f recent social developm ents, preventive den tistry and, finally, the swan song— St. Helena Island. Dr. R ow at has done an able jo b in what is, by design, a definite biography. H e has bal anced the elements o f personal life and his torical developm ents in dentistry. V erd ict: good writing, plenty o f action, worth adding to every dentist’s library. Lloyd H . Dodd
FAM ILY MEDICAL COSTS AND VOLUNTARY H E A L TH IN SURAN CE'. A NATIONW IDE SURVEY
By Odin W . Anderson, Ph.D ., and Jacob J. Feldman. 251 pages with 134 tables and 5 4 graphs. In d ex. $6.50. N ew York. M cG raw -H ill Book C o., In c., 1956. This book contains the detailed results of a survey con du cted in July 1953, in w hich 2,809 families were interviewed. T h e 8,846 indi viduals in these families were closely repre sentative o f the general population o f the U nited States with respect to age, sex, income, occupation, region and so forth. T h e survey was con du cted by the Health Inform ation Foundation in collaboration with the National O pinion Research Center. M ost o f the book deals with voluntary health insurance. T h e survey showed that the proportion o f families with some health in surance was twice as high am ong families with incomes o f m ore than $5,000 than among families with incomes o f less than $3,000. In urban areas, 70 per cent o f the families were enrolled in some type o f health insurance, com pared to 45 per cent o f those living on farms. O f most interest to dentistry is the chaptcr on nationw ide charges for personal health services and the chapter on distribution of charges am ong families and individuals. Based on expenditures for dental care reported by the 2,809 families, it was estimated that $1,600,000,000 was paid for the services o f den tists in the year ending at m id -195 3. This figure was considerably higher than the estimates m ade by the Am erican D ental Association’s Bureau o f E con om ic Research and Statistics and the U . S. Departm ent o f Com m erce for 1952 w hich were $1,300,000,000 and $906,000,000, respectively.
422 • THE J O U R N A L O F T H E A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
A significant observation was the large dif ference between in com e groups in the per centage of persons w ho see the dentist. A m ong families with incomes o f less than $2,000, only 17 per cent o f the persons saw the dentist during the year, com pared to 56 per cent am ong families w ith incomes o f $7,500 and more. T h e publication o f this book has added m uch useful inform ation in the field of m edi cal and dental econom ics. B. D uane M oen
DIE Z A H N -, M U N D - UN D K IE F E R -H E IL K U N D E : EIN H AN D B U C H FÜR DIE ZA H N Ä R ZTL IC H E PRAXIS (T H E R A P Y OF T H E T E E T H , M O U T H AND J A W S : A M AN UAL FOR DENTAL PRACTICE)
Edited by Prof. K arl H äupl, Prof. W ilhelm M ey er and P rof. K arl Schuchardt. For sale in com plete set only. 650 D M . M ü n chen-Berlin, Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1954-1956. Issues 17 and 18 contain parts of volum e V (O rthodontics and D ental M aterials) as fol lows : O R T H O D O N T IC A P P L IA N C E S • By Prof. G. M . Seipel, M alm ö, Sweden. 53 pages with 51 illustrations. F IX E D
T h e author o f this excellent article has long experience as a writer and teacher o f ortho dontics. H e is internationally known. H e might well be called a “ teacher o f teachers.” His present article is divided into three chapters: (1 ) the principle o f fixed orthodontic ap pliances, (2 ) the special dressing technic ap plied simultaneously w ith construction and in sertion o f fixed appliances and (3 ) direct dressing technic com bined with fixed ortho dontic appliances. Preceding the text o f each chapter is a statement o f purpose, and at the end is an exceptionally com plete bibliography. This is an article that every orthodontist should read. O ther educators in the allied dental branches w ould also benefit by reading it. CLEFT
PALATE
IN
• By Prof. 15 pages with
O R T H O D O N T IC S
A. M artin Schwarz, V ienna, 11 illustrations.
This short and valuable contribution on the role orthodontics can and should play in the repair o f cleft palate, b y an author of interna tional distinction is w ell written and profusely illustrated. T h e im portance o f this frequently neglected field is pointed out in the preface.
E X T R A C T IO N THE
OF
E R U P T IN G
TEETH
FOR
D E N T IT IO N :
R E G U L A T IO N THE
OF
E X T R A C T IO N
• By Prof. A. M artin Schwarz, Vienna. 61 pages with 48 illustrations.
t h e r a p y
T he fact that so many articles on serial extrac tions for directing and guiding tooth eruption have appeared recently in international dental literature makes it obvious that this ortho dontic m ethod has found wide acceptance. This excellent article is an interesting discus sion o f an im portant orthodontic problem. By means o f lucid explanation, practical ex amples and a minim um o f theory, the author leads his reader through a variety of experi mental and statistical problems and points out not only the “ how ” but also the “ why” of their solution. T h e history of this m ethod, the biologic principles, the consequences of extrac tion o f molars, the serial extraction technics of K jellgren and H otz, the esthetic aspects, and the extraction therapy in com bination with orthodontic appliances are discussed in a fundam ental and readable manner. Although there are m ore exhaustive articles on this sub ject, there appears to be little doubt that A. M . Schwarz’ s contribution is a most useful work for the orthodontist and the general practitioner. This article should be required reading also for every dental student. A bibliog raphy of almost one thousand references com pletes the text.
T IS S U E A L T E R A T IO N S C A U S E D B Y O R T H O D O N T IC a p p l ia n c e s • By Prof. K arl H aupl. 55 pages with 50 illustrations.
This contribution, intended for orientation of practicing dentists and dental students, con tains an exposition o f the author’ s theory of physiological and psychological effects of orthodontic appliances. H e discusses such ques tions as (1 ) effects o f favorable and unfavor able stimuli, (2 ) bone resorption accom panied by developm ent o f fibrous tissue, (3 ) perio dontal tissue changes caused by application of loose, shifting passive appliances, (4 ) ortho dontic transformation o f the periodontium , (5 ) activation o f tissue by active orthodontic appliances, (6 ) changes in the region o f the tem porom andibular join t and the jaws and (7 ) conclusions. A t the end, the author adds a section on various forms of orthodontic treat ment w ith a brief description o f each method and his opinion as to its applicability, empha sizing particularly the treatment w hich com bines elements o f Andresen’ s and A . M . Schwarz’ s methods. Generously illustrated, this treatise can be recom m ended to ortho dontists, practicing dentists and dental students and can serve as an excellent source o f infor
B O O K R EV IEW S . . . V O L U M E 54, M A R C H 1957 • 423
m ation for speakers w ho may be called on to give a paper on the subject. t h e r e la pse • By Prof. K arl H aupl. 10 pages with 2 illustrations.
This is a w ell-written, easily read short dis cussion, explaining the author’ s theories o f failures o f and relapses after orthodontic treat ment. Some o f his criticisms, however, are felt to be outdated and no longer valid because orthodontic practice has progressed enor mously. T h e article is o f little interest to Am er ican orthodontists because it contains nothing w hich is not otherwise available in Am erican dental and orthodontic literature; the author’ s personal theories o f his orthodontic treatment m ethod already have been described (and translated) in previously published articles. d e n ta l
m a t e r ia l s
:
N O N M E T A L L IC
SU B
• By Prof. E. D older, Zurich. 93 pages w ith 72 illustrations. STAN CES
This is the first o f two treatises on dental mate rials. It covers nonm etallic substances used for inlays, fillings and dentures, including hydro colloids and acrylic resins. T h e article is writ ten in clear, uncom plicated Germ an, the dis cussions are logical and inform ative, and the text indicates that the author has a wide ac quaintance not only with materials used in German, Austrian and Swiss dental practice but also with those used in England, France and the U nited States. T h e text also em pha sizes that in spite o f the restrictions imposed by W orld W ar I I , the writer has kept up to date on the newer discoveries. T h e pictures, diagrams and tables are excellent, and al though the bibliography gives only nine refer ences, the article can be recom m ended to dental practitioners and dental technicians as giving a clear and logical picture of the m ate rials w hich it discusses. M A T E R IA L S : P R E C IO U S M E T A L S ' By Prof. M . Spreng, Basel, Switzerland. 69 pages with 129 illustrations (continued in issue 2 0 ).
com plete description o f dental alloys and their utilization is excellently conceived. Although there is some overlapping, the various measure ments and tests are well classified. In addition, the alloys and technics are evaluated. This contribution is almost a “ must” for practicing dentists and dental students w ho want a ready reference to the types o f metals used in Europe and their value in dental practice. Issue 19 contains parts o f volum e I V (D en tal Prosthetics) as follows: p a r t ia l
d e n t u r e s
concluded. previously.
This
s t a in l e s s
st e e l
• By Prof. K arl H aupl is article has been reviewed
in
d e n t a l
p r o s t h e t ic s
•
By Julius Jantzen. 31 pages with 52 illustra tions. This article is intended to give general and precise inform ation on the utilization o f stain less steel and cobalt chrome alloys for denture construction. T h eir use is presented in terms o f technics accepted in E u rop e; the article seems o f little practical value to Am erican dentists. T h e author is a master o f his subject and presents it well to his audience o f German dentists and dental technicians. p o r c e l a in in d e n t a l p r o s t h e t ic s • By Prof. C . U . Fehr. 41 pages with 69 illustrations.
This is a rather short summary o f the various technics and materials used in dental ceramics. It presents an outline o f history, material selec tion, instrumentarium, coloring and glazing by baking, porcelain inlays, crowns and pivot teeth. T h e limitations im posed by the approach force a m ore or less didactic treatment o f cer tain chapters, especially in the section on cavity preparation. H owever, the text and the excel lent and numerous illustrations are a valuable com pendium for the use by general practi tioners and students.
DENTAL
T h e second part o f the tw o treatises on dental materials contains many concepts based on recent developm ents in addition to the estab lished fundamentals o f the use o f precious metals in m edical practice. It consists of some excellent general discussions, especially on m echanical properties of dental alloys, their chem ical and electrochem ical characteristics, their effect in the oral cavity, their crystal structure, their horhogeneous and nonhom ogeneous properties, casting and preparation technics, soldering and w elding technics and heat treatment (three technics). This almost
Issue 20 contains parts o f volum e V (O rth o dontics and D ental M aterials) as follow s: m a t e r ia l s : p r e c io u s m e t a l s • By Prof. M . Spreng. This article com pletes the chapter by Professor Spreng which was re viewed as part of Issue 18. d e n ta l
d e n t a l
m a t e r ia l s
:
n o n p r e c io u s
m e t a l s
•
By Prof. E. D older, Zurich. 25 pages with 26 illustrations. This article deals w ith generalities w hich are too well known to be interesting. In a special ized contribution, as the title indicates this to be, the author should assume that a reader
424 • THE J O U R N A L OF THE A M E R IC A N DEN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
has at least a basic understanding o f the sub ject. T h e greater part o f the various chapters (w hich are much too brief) concerns theo retical rather than practical considerations. T h e appendix is a repetition in summary of the text. T h e excellent illustrations add in terest; the article itself, however, is neither textbook material nor reference data com pila tion. Issue 21 contains parts of volum e I V (D en tal prosthetics). THE
F U N C T IO N A L
P R O S T H E T IC
TREATM ENT
A N D P R E V E N T IO N O F P E R IO D O N T A L D IS E A S E A N D
• By Prof. I. R ech born-K jen nerud, O slo, Norway. 159 pages with 148 illus trations.
d y s g n a t h is m
This is a remarkably useful contribution which covers the subject in 22 chapters. Four chap ters deal with the problem s o f functional pros thetic treatment o f periodontal disease, the others with prevention o f this disease, and management o f dysgnathism (functional dis turbance o f the ja w s). T h e author attempts to prove that environm ental and nutritional factors affect endocrine and m etabolic fun c tions, w hich in turn induce constitutional changes that are responsible for many o f the manifestations observed in health and disease. T h e result is a w ell-docum ented summary which includes, besides European authors, re cent Am erican m edical and dental literature on this subject. U nfortunately, the author sometimes accepts as fa ct the errors which fill the literature. T h e consequence is a col lection of material w hich may be o f interest to the critical reader w ho already is acquainted with the facts but w hich can easily mislead the uninformed. T he value o f this m onum ental textbook on the therapy o f the teeth, m outh and jaws is greatly enhanced by the profusion of excellent illustrations, drawings, diagrams and roent genograms. Paul H. Glucksman
KIEFERORTHOPADISCHE PRAXIS (O RTH OD ON TÎC PRACTICE)
By H u go Stockfisch. 332 pages with 760 illustrations. In d ex and bibliography. 42 D M . H eid elberg, D r. Arthur H üthig V erlag, 1956. As the title indicates, this book deals with orthodontic practice, recently called in G er many “ orthopedics o f the jaws.” T h e various factors o f hereditary and acquired conditions leading to m alocclusion and malformations are
analyzed, and their physiological com ponents and psychological aspects described. T h e main purpose o f this textbook seems to be to present in a succinct manner the symptoms, the diag nosis and, above all, the newest treatment methods and appliances in orthodontic prac tice. T h e author points out that it is essential to discuss some defects which have not been regarded as im portant for orthodontic diag nosis and therapy. After a general presentation o f principles underlying prevention and treatment o f de fective dentition in child patients, the book discusses: (1 ) developm ental tendencies in in fants and school children, (2 ) occlusion and malocclusion in deciduous dentition, (3 ) orthodontic exam ination, (4 ) orthodontic diagnosis, (5 ) orthodontic treatment planning and technics, (6 ) orthodontic instrumentarium, (7 ) orthodontic appliances, (8 ) orthodontics and oral surgery, (9 ) orthodontics and plastic surgery, (1 0 ) prognathism, (1 1 ) bite anom a lies, (1 2 ) unfavorable habits in chew ing and breathing, (1 3 ) cleft lip and palate, (1 4 ) orthodontics and speech therapy, (1 5 ) ortho dontic and laboratory work, (1 6 ) orthodontic consultation and (1 7 ) orthodontic terminology. Surprisingly, there is little difference be tween the German and the Am erican termi nology. T h e illustrations and charts clarify and enliven the text. In addition to being a funda mental contribution, this book can be recom m ended for its unusual readable style, good bibliography and index, neat form at and at tractive binding. Paul H . Glucksman
BIOLOGIE DER ZAHNICARIES
(BIOLOGY OF
DENTAL CARIES)
By T . Lamm ers and H. H afner. 253 pages with 21 illustrations. In d ex and bibliography. 16 D M . H eidelberg, Dr. A lfred H uth ig Verlag, 1956. This book meets the need for a well-illustrated and authoritative reference work in caries biology. Nutrition, often cited by many author ities as the most im portant factor in caries developm ent, certainly is one o f the m ajor areas for caries research. T herefore, an up-todate textbook prepared by a skillful scientist makes a noteworthy contribution. It contains a small but excellently reproduced selection of color and black and white photographs and several charts (som e o f them reproduced from H. Trendley D ean’ s writings). T h e authors have written not only from the background o f extensive research and clinical
B O O K REV IEW S . . . V O L U M E 54, M A R C H 1957 • 425
experience but also with a broad outlook toward caries prevention. T h e book is organized in nine main sections w hich deal w ith the follow ing subjects: ( 1 ) caries as a biological and dental problem , (2 ) caries epidem iology, (3 ) the relationship between caries and nourishment, (4 ) individual susceptibility to caries, (5 ) carious lesions, (6 ) hum an saliva, (7 ) the buffering pow er o f saliva, (8 ) properties o f saliva and (9 ) caries prevention. T h e authors can be com m ended for under taking the difficult task o f dealing with a subject matter o f great com plexity, in a field in w hich there have been differences of opinion. Excellently printed and bound, the book ap pears to fill a gap in dental literature. Paul H. Glucksman
ARBEITSTAGUNG UBER K O R T IK O VISZERALE
REGULATIONS
LEIPZIG,
VOM
1 5 . BIS 1 7 . JAN U AR 1 9 5 4 ( s y m p o s i u m o n CORTICOVISCERAL
PROCEDURES,
LEIPZIG,
JA N U A R Y 15 TO 1 7 , 1 9 5 4 )
By P. Jung, H . K leinsorge and D . M iillerH egem ann. 406 pages with 133 illustra tions. In d ex and bibliography. 22 D M . Berlin, V EB V erlag V olk und Gesundheit, 1955. This book, published under supervision o f the Governmental Pavlov Commission o f the G er man D em ocratic R epu blic (Eastern G erm any), contains 85 contributions by Germ an, H un garian, Polish, Rum anian and Russian authors. T h e symposium on corticovisceral procedures was designed prim arily to establish uniform regulations in applying the theories o f Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936) to m edical and dental research and practice. Although this book was intended mainly for specialists, the interest of laymen has not been overlooked. A n enormous am ount o f material o f value has been com piled, and this book will be helpful to many students and scholars. M uch o f the material is new to the Am erican reader and will acquaint the Am erican public with the ideas o f Pavlov. T h e contributions dealing with the problem o f diagnostic technics are particularly interesting. This com pilation should prove to be of interest to m any researchers in physiology and to biology students. T h e presentation of the subject matter is forceful, and the material is well docum ented. T h e volum e has an index, and bibliographies follow each essay. Binding, paper quality, typography and illustrations, however, are below Am erican standards. Paul H . Glucksman
FORTSCHRITTE DER KIEFER-U N D G E SIC H T SC H IR U G IE ! EIN JA H R B U C H , BAND II (PROGRESS IN M AXILLOFACIAL SU RGERY: A YEARBOOK, VOL. 2 )
By K arl Schuchardt and M artin Wassmund. 268 pages with 291 illustrations. 60 D M . Stuttgart, G eorg T hiem e Verlag, 1956. This volum e is a collection o f papers delivered at a conference held in H am burg in 1955. T h e roster o f contributors includes scientists from France, Germany, Argentina and the U n ited States and shows the international character o f study and actual work. Surgeons, plastic surgeons, neurosurgeons, oral surgeons, roentgenologists and derma tologists m et to submit their methods o f treat ment, problem s and suggested solutions. W h ile it is not possible to d o justice to each participant in a short review, it may never theless be appropriate to point out some in teresting features. Som e 22 lecturers covered the realm of fractures o f the jaws and face and the injuries o f the soft tissues and of the brain. T h ere is some disagreement between the European and Am erican scientists regarding treatment of fractures o f the tem porom andibular joint. T h e Europeans advocate conservative therapy, while the Am ericans prefer surgical treatment. Actually, orthopedic treatment has its place everywhere, and so has surgery. Surgical p ro cedures are especially useful in old, untreated or acute fractures. It is o f value when the m andible cannot be reduced and its m ove ments are lim ited or, especially in edentulous patients, where the injury is associated with m ultiple fractures o f the lower jaw. G ood results are reported in acute fractures o f the maxilla. O cclusion and facial contours are rehabilitated by the m ethod o f M cln d oe, w ho achieved fixation of the m andible to the maxilla by im mobilization of the tem porom an dibular joints, muscular movements, and repo sitioning. In arthroplasty of the joint, inter posed autogenous cartilage allows the residual condylar neck or ramus to act as fulcrum, while the earlier use-of fascia results in an open bite or retrusion. T en speakers discuss the m odern treatment o f facial palsy, a treatment still far from satis factory. T h e nerve grafting operations, by unit ing either the accessory nerve or the hypo glossal nerve with the peripheral ends o f the facial nerve, m ay result in lim itation o f the shoulder movements or speech disorders. T h e muscle-nerve transposition technic also has drawbacks. Plastic surgery is recom m ended for favorable cosmetic results in such instances
426 • T H E J O U R N A L O F THE A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
as face and eyelid lifting, and excision o f the superfluous skin around the nasolabial fold. T h e Argentine school secures operative re sults by resection o f certain muscles on the normal side o f the face in order to eliminate their excessive contraction. Suspension with fascia strips im proves the function o f the normal muscles. Seven surgeons survey reconstruction o f the external ear. Costal cartilage is used to sup port the auricle. Artificial ears are m ade o f plastic com pounds and retained by im planting subperiosteal castings underneath the skin. Th ere is an interesting article on the origin of the tube pedicle flap operation first executed by Italian plastic surgeons o f the sixteenth century. T h e rest o f the book is devoted to open bite operations and to treatment o f lymphangiomas and hemangiomas. T echn ics are outlined for repair o f malform ations or defects o f the m id face in w hich grafts are im planted through the mouth. Excellent pictures in color show neutraliza tion o f color in nevus flammeus by intradermal injections o f perm anent pigments. T h e dis cussion o f prophylactic neck dissection in cancer o f the maxilla treated by radical opera tion and irradiation w ith radioactive cobalt is interesting. T h e illustrations are excellent. T h e didactic style of the book makes it an admirable addition to the literature o f jaw and face surgery. E u gene Schorr
gions of the oral cavity in child patients. This emphasis is shared by Am erican dentists in their practice and philosophy. This book also is p ro o f that a scientist, per mitted to devote himself to research without supervision by the governm ent, can achieve im portant results. T h e introduction contains a broad review of the aspects o f dental prosthetics. T h e book is divided into the follow ing sections: (1 ) causes of premature tooth loss, (2 ) developm ent of dental arches, (3 ) designing and constructing of special dentures for children, (4 ) physio logical and psychological effects o f new den tures, (5 ) prevention and treatment o f mal occlusion and (6 ) relation between rickets and developm ent o f the teeth and the jaws. A n accurate and well-arranged bibliography m ainly o f Russian and Germ an references (n o Am erican author is listed) and an index com plete the book. This work presents a com prehensive, clear introduction to Russian pedodontics o f today. Paul H . Glucksman
DER A R ZN E IP FL A N ZE N - UND DROGENSCHATZ C H rN A S UND DIE BEDEUTUNG DES P E N -T S ’ AO K A N G -M U ALS STANDARDW ERK DER C H IN E SISC H E N MATERIA MEDICA (CHINA^S MEDICINAL PLANTS AND DRUGS AND T H E IM PORTANCE OF T H E P E N -T S ’ AO K A N G -M U , TH E C H IN E SE STANDARD W O R K ON
Z A H N - UND KIEFERERSATZ BEI KINDERN (ARTIFICIAL DEN TU RES AND JA W CORRECTION IN CH ILD P A TIE N T S )
By L . V. Iljina-M arkosjan. Translated from the Russian into German by B. K es sler. 158 pages with 184 illustrations. In d ex and bibliography. 16.50 D M . L eip zig, Johannes Ambrosius Barth Verlag, 1956. T h e result o f repeated, painstaking evaluation o f several decades o f Russian research, this work has achieved a concreteness, completeness and precision w hich, unfortunately, is lacking in most o f the dental textbooks arriving in the U n ited States from countries behind the Iron Curtain. T h e volume deserves close study not only by dentists and orthodontists but by Am erican textbook writers. Although there is no lack of theoretical background needed for com piling essential facts, the emphasis in this com para tively small paper-bound book is on the tech nics o f obtaining normal function in all re
PH ARM ACOLOGY)
By A lfred M osig and G ottfried Schramm. 72 pages with 5 illustrations. In d ex. 2.70 D M . Berlin, V E B V erlag V olk und Gesundheit, 1955. This booklet is intended prim arily for students o f pharm acology, especially those w ho are in terested in drugs used in ancient and modern China. T h e reader’ s attention is focused on both their action and use in Chinese medical and dental practice. In addition, the Germ an authors report on the peculiar standards o f the Chinese healing arts, the management o f Chinese pharmacies, the quality of Chinese ancient and modern m edical and dental literature, the variety of m edicinal plants, Chinese m edical and dental terminology, and finally on peculiar drugs ob tained from animals and minerals. Although inadequately bound it is well printed and can be recom m ended as interesting collateral reading on this special subject. Paul H . Glucksman
B O O K R EVIEW S . . . V O L U M E 54, M A R C H 1957 • 427
ZA H N Ä R ZTL IC H E CHIRURGIE, BAND II (OPERATIVE DEN TISTRY, VO LU M E I I )
By Josef Andreas K oh ler. 297 pages with 672 illustrations. Index. 34 D M . H eidel berg, D r. A lfred H üthig V erlag, 1956. This book is a presentation o f seven im portant subjects in dentistry— replantation, cysts, sup puration in the oral cavity, radical surgery in regions o f the periodontium and the alveolar process, plastic surgery and neuralgias causing oral symptoms— and is based on the author’s previously published first volume. T h e book, written in typical, scientific Ger man, is a brilliant example o f the printer’ s and lithographer’s art. M ost o f the illustrations are excellently reproduced. This second volum e o f the Germ an standard work on operative dentistry is not large but in its 297 pages are excellent discussions of some im portant dental and surgical points often missing in other textbooks. T h e appendix, operative dentistry in its re lation to the other specialized branches o f den tistry, covers with startling brevity the subject o f the cooperation necessary between dental specialists, the characteristics o f surgery within dentistry, and the organization o f offices and hospital wards. Both volumes o f this textbook should be use ful to those Am erican dentists capable o f read ing German, but even with a trifling knowl edge o f this language, the content or, at least, most o f it, can be understood if one remembers some school Latin. Paul H . Glucksman
H E A L T H IN S U R A N C E : W H A T ARE T H E IS S U E S ?
By T h e Canadian W elfare Council. 60 pages. A ppen d ix. $1. Ottaw a, Canadian W elfare C ouncil, 1956. This well-organized and w ell-written com pen dium on the subject o f health insurance is designed to clarify the issues involved in a national health insurance program rather than to recom m end any particular plan for adop tion b y the Canadian people. In the first five chapters such terms as costs o f m edical care, personal m edical care, health insurance, hospital insurance and nation-wide health plan are briefly explained. Considerable space is devoted to social, econ om ic and geo graphic conditions affecting the amount, quality and distribution o f health and hospital services and w hich reflect the need fo r national intervention in providing adequate services to all regardless of age, incom e or place o f
residence. Nongovernm ental plans such as Blue Cross and m edical care plans are discussed. A description is provided o f governm ental serv ices in the various provinces w hich range from lim ited to full m edical and hospital care for certain groups. These attempts to provide necessary services w ould seem to emphasize popular interest and the desire for a com pre hensive national program . T h e last five chapters develop the theme of a national com prehensive health insurance plan based on the criteria o f paym ent by the individual in accord with ability, coverage of the m a jor costs o f m edical care and inclusion o f the entire population. Financing the costs of com prehensive health care is discussed with suggestions as to sources o f funds, (personal contribution, industrial and general taxation), methods of collection and control o f the p r o gram. Adm inistration and organization o f the plan, w ith “ staging” or expansion b y degrees, concludes the text. Expansion w ould include dental care am ong other benefits. Fourteen pages o f appendix state the favor able attitude of the Canadian governm ent toward national health insurance, describe health insurance in Great Britain, N ew Z ea land and Scandinavia, provide data to supple ment the theme o f the text, and bibliography. H ealth Insurance is recom m ended to those interested in the subject. D . W . Brock APPLIED ORTHODONTICS
By James D avid M cC o y , M .S ., D .D .S., and Earl Em anuel Shepard, D.D.S. Seventh edition. 3 36 pages with 212 illus trations. In dex. $7.50. Philadelphia, L ea & F ebiger, 1956. In this seventh edition, D r. M cC o y provides again a scholarly revision o f his text for all students o f orthodontics. Its value, however, is not limited to the beginner, for the experienced orthodontist w ill find in the book a com pre hensive review o f the fundam ental knowledge on w hich the specialty is based. Chapters are included on growth and de velopm ent, etiology, classification, diagnosis and the anatom ic factors controlling normal occlusion or contributing to m alocclusion in the dentofacial region. O ne chapter is devoted to a com plete discussion o f A lbin O ppenheim ’ s classic work on the tissue changes w hich make possible the m ovem ent o f teeth. Excellent chapters are provided to describe pretreatment requirements. O ne is devoted to the gnathostatic impression technic for accu rately oriented plaster models. A nother con siders in detail roentgenographic aids in case analysis. T h e author stresses the im portance
428 • THE J O U R N A L O F T H E A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
of adequate photographic records in arriving at a com plete diagnosis. A warning note is given in a discussion of extraction com prom ises fo r the correction o f severe irregularities. In issuing his warning, Dr. M cC o y speaks from an experience o f 50 years in the private practice o f orthodontics, during 27 o f which he was also an instructor and professor o f orthodontics at the University of Southern California. T h e appliances currently used in treatment procedures are described in the chapters on the correction o f dental and oral anom alies; particular emphasis is placed on the mechanics involved in the application o f the M cC oy open tube appliance. T h e book is excellently illustrated, and the type is clear and readable. D r. M cC o y ’ s long-standing interest in proper orthodontic term inology and nom enclature is evident throughout the text. For the first time, the revision was under taken in collaboration with another author— Earl E. Shepard, professor of orthodontics at W ashington University, St. Louis, and assistant editor o f the Am erican Journal o f O rth o dontics. Full credit is given D r. Shepard for his capable contributions in the preparation o f this seventh edition o f A pplied O rthodontics. B. F. D ew el
DICTIONARY OF DIETETICS
By R hoda Ellis, Ph.D . 152 pages. $6.00. N ew York, Philosophical Library, 1956. T h e D ictionary o f D ietetics is a com pilation o f terms related to diet and diet therapy. In some instances only a definition is given, in others, com ments relating to the subject are included. Usually within the dietetic field, the com ments and definitions are good, although occasionally some meanings are not clear be cause im portant words have been om itted. A num ber of definitions and com ments in fields other than dietetics should have been checked m ore carefully by som eone with specialized training. T h ere are a num ber o f ambiguous and inaccurate statements relating to dentistry; such as, “ D entine: the hard dense calcified substance surrounding the pulp cavity o f a tooth, affixed by cem entum ,” “ Caries, dental: a cavity Caused by m outh bacteria bringing about gradual decay and excavation o f dentine o f the tooth,” “ Diet, dental: D iet in w hich texture o f the food is of primary consideration because o f the problem o f dentures,” “ Periodontal disease: a disease surrounding a tooth.” Even some sections relating specifically to diet could have been made clearer. A n ex
ample is the section on pastry. T h e order in w hich the details are arranged certainly would give most readers an erroneous idea o f the true caloric values of various kinds o f pie and do not make clear that “ pastry” is being used in the limited meaning o f “ crust” only. This kind o f book has great potential value because o f its com prehensive coverage, but this particular volum e w ould be m ore de pendable for everyone if a number of terms were carefully revised. D oroth ea F. Radusch
APPLIED DENTAL MATERIALS
By John N . A nderson, B.D.S. 422 pages with 31 illustrations. In dex. English edi tion, 37s. 6d. O xford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1956. U.S. edition, Spring field, III., Charles C Thom as, 1956. T h e author writes, “ This book . . . is intended as a guide to the everyday m anipulation of materials, rather than a scientific treatise upon their properties. It is intended both as a textbook fo r students, and also as a reference book to w hich dental practitioners and their technicians will turn . . .” Certainly, the author has attained his objective, since a num ber o f technics are described which are not ordinarily em ployed in the Am erican dentist’ s office but with w hich he should be familiar. For example, a chapter on the chrom ecobalt alloys presents for the first time in the dental literature a com plete account o f the technical procedures em ployed in the casting o f partial dentures, together w ith the theory involved. Each step of the procedure is ex plained. This particular type of alloy is too often neglected in the teaching o f dental materials in the U nited States. T h e book is divided into five sections, each o f w hich deals with a specific phase o f the subject. A ll o f the general phases o f the subject of dental materials are covered, including gen eral properties o f materials, cast and wrought metals, casting technics, plaster, stone, im pression materials, acrylic resins, dental ce ments and dental amalgams. T h e main ap proach is British, but there are few sections w hich cannot be applied to Am erican den tistry as well. T h e academ ic or basic science aspects o f the subject are related to the practical phases, but it is evident that the author is better versed in the technical phases than in some o f the background theory. T h e book is printed in an easily read type. T he illustrations are mainly line drawings
B O O K R EV IEW S . . . V O L U M E 5-1, M A R C H 1957 • 429
not too carefully selected. M ore illustrative material w ould enhance the value o f the book, particularly as a textbook. An extensive bibliography o f source m ate rial is appended. T h e references have been carefully selected, and both the English and the Am erican literature is covered. A list of selected physical tables is included. This book is definitely recom m ended as a part o f the required reading in courses in den tal materials, and it w ould be a valuable addition to the professional library of any practicing dentist. Eugene W . Skinner
has been brought up to date, and there is an illustrated discussion o f the newer method o f artificial respiration. Also included is new material on the problem o f influenza immuni zation. This volum e undoubtedly w ill be as well received as was the first edition. William W . Bolton
l ’in s t it u t
DE MEDECINE d e n t a i r e d e
l ’ u n iv e r s it e
(th e
DE GENEVE, 1 8 8 1 - 1 9 5 6
DENTAL IN STIT U T E OF T H E
U N IVERSITY OF GENEVA FROM TO H E A L TH OBSERVATION OF SCH OOL CHILDREN
By G eorge M . W heatley, M .D ., and G race T . H allock. S econd edition. 488 pages with illustrations. In d ex. $6.50. N ew York, T h e Blakiston Division, M c Graw-H ill Book C o., In c., 1956. Numerous improvem ents and additions have been m ade in this edition o f a volum e that appears to have becom e w ell established as a valuable aid to teachers, parents and all others w ho have direct relationships with children. W ith the help o f the simple yet com plete discussions o f all aspects o f child health and developm ent, such persons w ill be well prepared to detect deviations from normal, to provide significant guidance on health matters for children and to inculcate positive attitudes regarding health. This new volum e follow s the same general organization as earlier editions, with chapters on general child health problem s, growth, mental attitudes, the heart, lungs, gastrointes tinal tract, skin and special senses. T h e final chapter considers bones and muscles, their im portance in grow th and posture and dis orders that may affect them. T h ere is extensive discussion o f the teeth in the chapter on gastrointestinal functions, as w ell as material on speech problems that may result from tooth defects. Usefulness o f the book as a w orking tool is enhanced by the inclusion o f a list o f national organizations working in health education. Suggestions about visual aids fo r each chapter are contained in an appendix, w ith a selected list o f film sources. A t the end o f each chap ter there are provocative questions based on the subject material, suggested activities and a bibliography. M any chapters contain new material or have been extensively revised. T h e polio situation
1881
1956) E dited by A . J. H eld. 104 pages with 125 illustrations. Zurich, V erlag Berichthaus, 1956.
Detailed accounts o f the activities o f a dental school celebrating an im portant anniversary have becom e extremely popular with the den tal profession. Som e o f these reports provide little m ore than abstracts o f lectures and dis sertations; others, however, give an excellent description o f recent achievements in dental research and education and include critical analyses o f the w ork don e during the period reviewed. T h e value o f such a report depends largely on the ability of the editor and the standards o f the contributors. T h e Dental Institute o f the University of Geneva, Switzerland, one o f the oldest European dental schools, recently celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary. Prof. A. J. H eld, its present head, has issued an account of the various branches of den tistry in w hich the Institute is actively inter ested. T h e contributors, members o f the uni versity staff, have been w ell selected, and the com bined result o f their work makes this report an interesting publication for the den tal profession, especially for staff members of Am erican dental schools. This com paratively small, paper-bound book let provides a critical assessment o f the excel lent, educational work accom plished at the dental school in Geneva and avoids the danger o f being a “ cookbook o f dental education.” Although the book is written in French, it will be understood easily because each con tribution is accom panied by summaries in English and German. Illustrations are plentiful and excellent; the type cou ld be larger, the binding better, and an index and a bibliography added but, of course, this w ould mean additional expenses that the Institute obviously cou ld not meet. Paul H . Glucksman
430 • T H E J O U R N A L O F THE A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
JOU R N A L OF T H E AM ERICAN MEDICAL A SSOCIATION , QUERIES AND M INOR NOTES
3 34 pages. $5.50. St. Louis, C. V. M osby C o., 1956. T h e keen interest displayed in the question and answer section o f the Journal of the A m er ican M ed ical Association is certainly a good reason for systematizing the heterogeneous questions according to the m edical concepts of 1955. T h e material is organized in terms of the body as a w hole and into the various sys tems and organs o f the b ody. T h e purpose is to present the views of experts on controver sial issues not foun d in standard textbooks or monographs. T h e dentist will find these questions repre sentative o f many encountered in everyday dental and m edical practice. This collection thus constitutes a valuable reference guide. I. N ew ton Kugelm ass
IN T H E DOCTOR’ S OFFICE---- T H E ART OF TH E MEDICAL A S S IST A N T
By Esther Jane Parsons. Second edition. 326 pages with illustrations. In dex. $3.95. Philadelphia, J. B. L ipp in cott C o., 1956. T h e material in this book, written by a for mer m edical assistant and teacher o f assistants, is presented in a somewhat different manner than in most books o f its kind. It should ap peal to the graduate nurse as w ell as to the person with secretarial training w ho seeks em ploym ent in the d octor’ s office. Its 16 chapters adequately cover all the duties o f a m edical assistant. N o attempt has been m ade to instruct the reader in the tech nical aspects o f m edical assisting as it is as sumed that those w ho use this book will have had such training. H ow ever, its chapter “ In T h e Treatm ent R oom ” provides technical inform ation that can be reviewed to good advantage. A chapter “ T h e Sum o f W hat Y ou A re” which discusses personality, dress, cosmetics and coiffure, carriage and posture, and char acter offers inform ation which this reviewer feels is too frequently overlooked by many writers o f books intended to assist persons rendering health services. Illustrations at the beginning o f each chap ter, cleverly done by Jean M cC on nell, inject a note o f hum or and a dd reader interest to the topics discussed. A lthough some might feel that this manner o f instruction is lacking in professional dignity, the reviewer believes the everyday business o f dealing with patients in
the doctor’ s office can be approached with advantage from a dow n to earth attitude. T h ere is a lesson in each illustration, and the inform ation in the chapters should provide the answers to many questions that the m edical assistant has probably failed to find in books o f a m ore technical nature. T h e type is large and readable. Although the paper and binding are adequate, im prove ment o f both might enhance the value o f the book. V iolet L. Crowley
DISEASES OF T H E SK IN
By Richard L. Sutton. Eleventh edition. 1,479 pages with 1,972 illustrations. In dex. $29.50. St. Louis, T h e C. V . M osby C o., 1956. This beautifully arranged and extremely com prehensive eleventh edition o f a volum e that has long enjoyed a superior rating comes up to all expectations. Timeliness o f the volum e is emphasized by the editor’ s com m ent to the effect that it has been m odernized throughout up to the time galley proofs were read. Since the previous edition was published in 1939, extensive revision was required in many sec tions. Thanks to the illustrations, o f which there are 1,972, the text is especially well explained. T h ere is a tremendous amount o f material that will be invaluable to the dentist, including illustrated discussions o f diseases o f the mouth, teeth, lips and gingiva. This material is found in a 362 page chapter on malform ations and neoplasms o f the skin and adjoinin g mucosa, in another 946 page chapter on diseases affect ing the m ucosa adjoining the skin and in various other chapters in w hich disorders due to specific causes are considered. T h ere is an extensive index, with appropriate cross references, that facilitates search for specific discussions. A fter chapters on anatomy, embryology, physiology, sym ptom atology and pathology, etiology and diagnosis, there is one on general treatment procedures in w hich special agents are considered. T h en follow several chapters on dermatoses due to various specific agents, including chemicals, viruses, bacteria, fungi, m etabolic and vascular dis'orders. In this volum e has been assembled all the technical inform ation necessary for understand ing and management o f derm atologic con di tions. These are emphasized in proportion to their incidence. Evaluation o f specific treat ment procedures is thorough and decisive. W illiam W . Bolton
ORAL CANCERS AND TU M O R S OF T H E JA W S
By G eorge S. Sharp, M .D ., W eldon K . Bullock, M .D ., and John W . Hazlet, D .D .S. 561 pages with 647 illustrations. In dex. $15. N ew York, M cG raw -H ill Book C o., 1956. This beautifully printed and well-illustrated book is intended as a teaching text and a reference guide for practitioners. It is divided into five parts: (1 ) introductory principles, (2 ) tumors o f the oral mucosa, (3 ) neoplasms o f the jaws, (4 ) quasi-tumors o f the jaws and (5 ) cysts o f the jaws. There are 25 chapters, each dealing with a particular region o f the body or type o f tumor. In each instance, the incidence, etiology, pathology, clinical char acteristics, treatment and prognosis are pre sented clearly and concisely. T h e book is adm irably planned for a quick and ready clinical reference, and the illustra tions provide additional h elpful guidance. Since this is primarily a clinical text to pro mote early recognition o f cancer and precancerous lesions, the m icroscopic pathology is presented only briefly, and there are no illustrations o f this phase o f diagnosis. R oen t genological observations, however, are well illustrated. T h e text should prove a useful and popular reference fo r the dental practitioner. Charles W . Freeman “ t h i s w o n ’ t H U R T A BIT”
By H addon R ow at. 141 pages. Price 12s. 6d. Bristol, England. John W right and Sons, Ltd., 1956. Here is an unusual book with an unusual title. It contains the musings and memories o f a British dental surgeon and is written in an adroit manner. T h e author practiced dentistry in many lands including the U .S .A ., Canada, Burma, China, India, Australia, Japan, Ceylon and South Africa. M any o f the chapters are m ainly anecdotal and autobiographical and cover the bad old days (w hen with full sanction o f law and re ligion, anyone cou ld practice dentistry), a glimpse o f the good old days, the m iddling years, some observations on the N ational Health Service o f Great Britain, unprofessional con duct, W hat is a good dentist?, on buying and selling practices, the need for behavior in struction to dental patients, poems o f a prac titioner, army dental services in retrospect,
«I
drug addicts and hallucinations under anes thetics, professional fees, dentistry in the light o f recent social developm ents, preventive den tistry and, finally, the swan song— St. Helena Island. Dr. R ow at has done an able jo b in what is, by design, a definite biography. H e has bal anced the elements o f personal life and his torical developm ents in dentistry. V erd ict: good writing, plenty o f action, worth adding to every dentist’s library. Lloyd H . Dodd
FAM ILY MEDICAL COSTS AND VOLUNTARY H E A L TH IN SURAN CE'. A NATIONW IDE SURVEY
By Odin W . Anderson, Ph.D ., and Jacob J. Feldman. 251 pages with 134 tables and 5 4 graphs. In d ex. $6.50. N ew York. M cG raw -H ill Book C o., In c., 1956. This book contains the detailed results of a survey con du cted in July 1953, in w hich 2,809 families were interviewed. T h e 8,846 indi viduals in these families were closely repre sentative o f the general population o f the U nited States with respect to age, sex, income, occupation, region and so forth. T h e survey was con du cted by the Health Inform ation Foundation in collaboration with the National O pinion Research Center. M ost o f the book deals with voluntary health insurance. T h e survey showed that the proportion o f families with some health in surance was twice as high am ong families with incomes o f m ore than $5,000 than among families with incomes o f less than $3,000. In urban areas, 70 per cent o f the families were enrolled in some type o f health insurance, com pared to 45 per cent o f those living on farms. O f most interest to dentistry is the chaptcr on nationw ide charges for personal health services and the chapter on distribution of charges am ong families and individuals. Based on expenditures for dental care reported by the 2,809 families, it was estimated that $1,600,000,000 was paid for the services o f den tists in the year ending at m id -195 3. This figure was considerably higher than the estimates m ade by the Am erican D ental Association’s Bureau o f E con om ic Research and Statistics and the U . S. Departm ent o f Com m erce for 1952 w hich were $1,300,000,000 and $906,000,000, respectively.
422 • THE J O U R N A L O F T H E A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
A significant observation was the large dif ference between in com e groups in the per centage of persons w ho see the dentist. A m ong families with incomes o f less than $2,000, only 17 per cent o f the persons saw the dentist during the year, com pared to 56 per cent am ong families w ith incomes o f $7,500 and more. T h e publication o f this book has added m uch useful inform ation in the field of m edi cal and dental econom ics. B. D uane M oen
DIE Z A H N -, M U N D - UN D K IE F E R -H E IL K U N D E : EIN H AN D B U C H FÜR DIE ZA H N Ä R ZTL IC H E PRAXIS (T H E R A P Y OF T H E T E E T H , M O U T H AND J A W S : A M AN UAL FOR DENTAL PRACTICE)
Edited by Prof. K arl H äupl, Prof. W ilhelm M ey er and P rof. K arl Schuchardt. For sale in com plete set only. 650 D M . M ü n chen-Berlin, Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1954-1956. Issues 17 and 18 contain parts of volum e V (O rthodontics and D ental M aterials) as fol lows : O R T H O D O N T IC A P P L IA N C E S • By Prof. G. M . Seipel, M alm ö, Sweden. 53 pages with 51 illustrations. F IX E D
T h e author o f this excellent article has long experience as a writer and teacher o f ortho dontics. H e is internationally known. H e might well be called a “ teacher o f teachers.” His present article is divided into three chapters: (1 ) the principle o f fixed orthodontic ap pliances, (2 ) the special dressing technic ap plied simultaneously w ith construction and in sertion o f fixed appliances and (3 ) direct dressing technic com bined with fixed ortho dontic appliances. Preceding the text o f each chapter is a statement o f purpose, and at the end is an exceptionally com plete bibliography. This is an article that every orthodontist should read. O ther educators in the allied dental branches w ould also benefit by reading it. CLEFT
PALATE
IN
• By Prof. 15 pages with
O R T H O D O N T IC S
A. M artin Schwarz, V ienna, 11 illustrations.
This short and valuable contribution on the role orthodontics can and should play in the repair o f cleft palate, b y an author of interna tional distinction is w ell written and profusely illustrated. T h e im portance o f this frequently neglected field is pointed out in the preface.
E X T R A C T IO N THE
OF
E R U P T IN G
TEETH
FOR
D E N T IT IO N :
R E G U L A T IO N THE
OF
E X T R A C T IO N
• By Prof. A. M artin Schwarz, Vienna. 61 pages with 48 illustrations.
t h e r a p y
T he fact that so many articles on serial extrac tions for directing and guiding tooth eruption have appeared recently in international dental literature makes it obvious that this ortho dontic m ethod has found wide acceptance. This excellent article is an interesting discus sion o f an im portant orthodontic problem. By means o f lucid explanation, practical ex amples and a minim um o f theory, the author leads his reader through a variety of experi mental and statistical problems and points out not only the “ how ” but also the “ why” of their solution. T h e history of this m ethod, the biologic principles, the consequences of extrac tion o f molars, the serial extraction technics of K jellgren and H otz, the esthetic aspects, and the extraction therapy in com bination with orthodontic appliances are discussed in a fundam ental and readable manner. Although there are m ore exhaustive articles on this sub ject, there appears to be little doubt that A. M . Schwarz’ s contribution is a most useful work for the orthodontist and the general practitioner. This article should be required reading also for every dental student. A bibliog raphy of almost one thousand references com pletes the text.
T IS S U E A L T E R A T IO N S C A U S E D B Y O R T H O D O N T IC a p p l ia n c e s • By Prof. K arl H aupl. 55 pages with 50 illustrations.
This contribution, intended for orientation of practicing dentists and dental students, con tains an exposition o f the author’ s theory of physiological and psychological effects of orthodontic appliances. H e discusses such ques tions as (1 ) effects o f favorable and unfavor able stimuli, (2 ) bone resorption accom panied by developm ent o f fibrous tissue, (3 ) perio dontal tissue changes caused by application of loose, shifting passive appliances, (4 ) ortho dontic transformation o f the periodontium , (5 ) activation o f tissue by active orthodontic appliances, (6 ) changes in the region o f the tem porom andibular join t and the jaws and (7 ) conclusions. A t the end, the author adds a section on various forms of orthodontic treat ment w ith a brief description o f each method and his opinion as to its applicability, empha sizing particularly the treatment w hich com bines elements o f Andresen’ s and A . M . Schwarz’ s methods. Generously illustrated, this treatise can be recom m ended to ortho dontists, practicing dentists and dental students and can serve as an excellent source o f infor
B O O K R EV IEW S . . . V O L U M E 54, M A R C H 1957 • 423
m ation for speakers w ho may be called on to give a paper on the subject. t h e r e la pse • By Prof. K arl H aupl. 10 pages with 2 illustrations.
This is a w ell-written, easily read short dis cussion, explaining the author’ s theories o f failures o f and relapses after orthodontic treat ment. Some o f his criticisms, however, are felt to be outdated and no longer valid because orthodontic practice has progressed enor mously. T h e article is o f little interest to Am er ican orthodontists because it contains nothing w hich is not otherwise available in Am erican dental and orthodontic literature; the author’ s personal theories o f his orthodontic treatment m ethod already have been described (and translated) in previously published articles. d e n ta l
m a t e r ia l s
:
N O N M E T A L L IC
SU B
• By Prof. E. D older, Zurich. 93 pages w ith 72 illustrations. STAN CES
This is the first o f two treatises on dental mate rials. It covers nonm etallic substances used for inlays, fillings and dentures, including hydro colloids and acrylic resins. T h e article is writ ten in clear, uncom plicated Germ an, the dis cussions are logical and inform ative, and the text indicates that the author has a wide ac quaintance not only with materials used in German, Austrian and Swiss dental practice but also with those used in England, France and the U nited States. T h e text also em pha sizes that in spite o f the restrictions imposed by W orld W ar I I , the writer has kept up to date on the newer discoveries. T h e pictures, diagrams and tables are excellent, and al though the bibliography gives only nine refer ences, the article can be recom m ended to dental practitioners and dental technicians as giving a clear and logical picture of the m ate rials w hich it discusses. M A T E R IA L S : P R E C IO U S M E T A L S ' By Prof. M . Spreng, Basel, Switzerland. 69 pages with 129 illustrations (continued in issue 2 0 ).
com plete description o f dental alloys and their utilization is excellently conceived. Although there is some overlapping, the various measure ments and tests are well classified. In addition, the alloys and technics are evaluated. This contribution is almost a “ must” for practicing dentists and dental students w ho want a ready reference to the types o f metals used in Europe and their value in dental practice. Issue 19 contains parts o f volum e I V (D en tal Prosthetics) as follows: p a r t ia l
d e n t u r e s
concluded. previously.
This
s t a in l e s s
st e e l
• By Prof. K arl H aupl is article has been reviewed
in
d e n t a l
p r o s t h e t ic s
•
By Julius Jantzen. 31 pages with 52 illustra tions. This article is intended to give general and precise inform ation on the utilization o f stain less steel and cobalt chrome alloys for denture construction. T h eir use is presented in terms o f technics accepted in E u rop e; the article seems o f little practical value to Am erican dentists. T h e author is a master o f his subject and presents it well to his audience o f German dentists and dental technicians. p o r c e l a in in d e n t a l p r o s t h e t ic s • By Prof. C . U . Fehr. 41 pages with 69 illustrations.
This is a rather short summary o f the various technics and materials used in dental ceramics. It presents an outline o f history, material selec tion, instrumentarium, coloring and glazing by baking, porcelain inlays, crowns and pivot teeth. T h e limitations im posed by the approach force a m ore or less didactic treatment o f cer tain chapters, especially in the section on cavity preparation. H owever, the text and the excel lent and numerous illustrations are a valuable com pendium for the use by general practi tioners and students.
DENTAL
T h e second part o f the tw o treatises on dental materials contains many concepts based on recent developm ents in addition to the estab lished fundamentals o f the use o f precious metals in m edical practice. It consists of some excellent general discussions, especially on m echanical properties of dental alloys, their chem ical and electrochem ical characteristics, their effect in the oral cavity, their crystal structure, their horhogeneous and nonhom ogeneous properties, casting and preparation technics, soldering and w elding technics and heat treatment (three technics). This almost
Issue 20 contains parts o f volum e V (O rth o dontics and D ental M aterials) as follow s: m a t e r ia l s : p r e c io u s m e t a l s • By Prof. M . Spreng. This article com pletes the chapter by Professor Spreng which was re viewed as part of Issue 18. d e n ta l
d e n t a l
m a t e r ia l s
:
n o n p r e c io u s
m e t a l s
•
By Prof. E. D older, Zurich. 25 pages with 26 illustrations. This article deals w ith generalities w hich are too well known to be interesting. In a special ized contribution, as the title indicates this to be, the author should assume that a reader
424 • THE J O U R N A L OF THE A M E R IC A N DEN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
has at least a basic understanding o f the sub ject. T h e greater part o f the various chapters (w hich are much too brief) concerns theo retical rather than practical considerations. T h e appendix is a repetition in summary of the text. T h e excellent illustrations add in terest; the article itself, however, is neither textbook material nor reference data com pila tion. Issue 21 contains parts of volum e I V (D en tal prosthetics). THE
F U N C T IO N A L
P R O S T H E T IC
TREATM ENT
A N D P R E V E N T IO N O F P E R IO D O N T A L D IS E A S E A N D
• By Prof. I. R ech born-K jen nerud, O slo, Norway. 159 pages with 148 illus trations.
d y s g n a t h is m
This is a remarkably useful contribution which covers the subject in 22 chapters. Four chap ters deal with the problem s o f functional pros thetic treatment o f periodontal disease, the others with prevention o f this disease, and management o f dysgnathism (functional dis turbance o f the ja w s). T h e author attempts to prove that environm ental and nutritional factors affect endocrine and m etabolic fun c tions, w hich in turn induce constitutional changes that are responsible for many o f the manifestations observed in health and disease. T h e result is a w ell-docum ented summary which includes, besides European authors, re cent Am erican m edical and dental literature on this subject. U nfortunately, the author sometimes accepts as fa ct the errors which fill the literature. T h e consequence is a col lection of material w hich may be o f interest to the critical reader w ho already is acquainted with the facts but w hich can easily mislead the uninformed. T he value o f this m onum ental textbook on the therapy o f the teeth, m outh and jaws is greatly enhanced by the profusion of excellent illustrations, drawings, diagrams and roent genograms. Paul H. Glucksman
KIEFERORTHOPADISCHE PRAXIS (O RTH OD ON TÎC PRACTICE)
By H u go Stockfisch. 332 pages with 760 illustrations. In d ex and bibliography. 42 D M . H eid elberg, D r. Arthur H üthig V erlag, 1956. As the title indicates, this book deals with orthodontic practice, recently called in G er many “ orthopedics o f the jaws.” T h e various factors o f hereditary and acquired conditions leading to m alocclusion and malformations are
analyzed, and their physiological com ponents and psychological aspects described. T h e main purpose o f this textbook seems to be to present in a succinct manner the symptoms, the diag nosis and, above all, the newest treatment methods and appliances in orthodontic prac tice. T h e author points out that it is essential to discuss some defects which have not been regarded as im portant for orthodontic diag nosis and therapy. After a general presentation o f principles underlying prevention and treatment o f de fective dentition in child patients, the book discusses: (1 ) developm ental tendencies in in fants and school children, (2 ) occlusion and malocclusion in deciduous dentition, (3 ) orthodontic exam ination, (4 ) orthodontic diagnosis, (5 ) orthodontic treatment planning and technics, (6 ) orthodontic instrumentarium, (7 ) orthodontic appliances, (8 ) orthodontics and oral surgery, (9 ) orthodontics and plastic surgery, (1 0 ) prognathism, (1 1 ) bite anom a lies, (1 2 ) unfavorable habits in chew ing and breathing, (1 3 ) cleft lip and palate, (1 4 ) orthodontics and speech therapy, (1 5 ) ortho dontic and laboratory work, (1 6 ) orthodontic consultation and (1 7 ) orthodontic terminology. Surprisingly, there is little difference be tween the German and the Am erican termi nology. T h e illustrations and charts clarify and enliven the text. In addition to being a funda mental contribution, this book can be recom m ended for its unusual readable style, good bibliography and index, neat form at and at tractive binding. Paul H . Glucksman
BIOLOGIE DER ZAHNICARIES
(BIOLOGY OF
DENTAL CARIES)
By T . Lamm ers and H. H afner. 253 pages with 21 illustrations. In d ex and bibliography. 16 D M . H eidelberg, Dr. A lfred H uth ig Verlag, 1956. This book meets the need for a well-illustrated and authoritative reference work in caries biology. Nutrition, often cited by many author ities as the most im portant factor in caries developm ent, certainly is one o f the m ajor areas for caries research. T herefore, an up-todate textbook prepared by a skillful scientist makes a noteworthy contribution. It contains a small but excellently reproduced selection of color and black and white photographs and several charts (som e o f them reproduced from H. Trendley D ean’ s writings). T h e authors have written not only from the background o f extensive research and clinical
B O O K REV IEW S . . . V O L U M E 54, M A R C H 1957 • 425
experience but also with a broad outlook toward caries prevention. T h e book is organized in nine main sections w hich deal w ith the follow ing subjects: ( 1 ) caries as a biological and dental problem , (2 ) caries epidem iology, (3 ) the relationship between caries and nourishment, (4 ) individual susceptibility to caries, (5 ) carious lesions, (6 ) hum an saliva, (7 ) the buffering pow er o f saliva, (8 ) properties o f saliva and (9 ) caries prevention. T h e authors can be com m ended for under taking the difficult task o f dealing with a subject matter o f great com plexity, in a field in w hich there have been differences of opinion. Excellently printed and bound, the book ap pears to fill a gap in dental literature. Paul H. Glucksman
ARBEITSTAGUNG UBER K O R T IK O VISZERALE
REGULATIONS
LEIPZIG,
VOM
1 5 . BIS 1 7 . JAN U AR 1 9 5 4 ( s y m p o s i u m o n CORTICOVISCERAL
PROCEDURES,
LEIPZIG,
JA N U A R Y 15 TO 1 7 , 1 9 5 4 )
By P. Jung, H . K leinsorge and D . M iillerH egem ann. 406 pages with 133 illustra tions. In d ex and bibliography. 22 D M . Berlin, V EB V erlag V olk und Gesundheit, 1955. This book, published under supervision o f the Governmental Pavlov Commission o f the G er man D em ocratic R epu blic (Eastern G erm any), contains 85 contributions by Germ an, H un garian, Polish, Rum anian and Russian authors. T h e symposium on corticovisceral procedures was designed prim arily to establish uniform regulations in applying the theories o f Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936) to m edical and dental research and practice. Although this book was intended mainly for specialists, the interest of laymen has not been overlooked. A n enormous am ount o f material o f value has been com piled, and this book will be helpful to many students and scholars. M uch o f the material is new to the Am erican reader and will acquaint the Am erican public with the ideas o f Pavlov. T h e contributions dealing with the problem o f diagnostic technics are particularly interesting. This com pilation should prove to be of interest to m any researchers in physiology and to biology students. T h e presentation of the subject matter is forceful, and the material is well docum ented. T h e volum e has an index, and bibliographies follow each essay. Binding, paper quality, typography and illustrations, however, are below Am erican standards. Paul H . Glucksman
FORTSCHRITTE DER KIEFER-U N D G E SIC H T SC H IR U G IE ! EIN JA H R B U C H , BAND II (PROGRESS IN M AXILLOFACIAL SU RGERY: A YEARBOOK, VOL. 2 )
By K arl Schuchardt and M artin Wassmund. 268 pages with 291 illustrations. 60 D M . Stuttgart, G eorg T hiem e Verlag, 1956. This volum e is a collection o f papers delivered at a conference held in H am burg in 1955. T h e roster o f contributors includes scientists from France, Germany, Argentina and the U n ited States and shows the international character o f study and actual work. Surgeons, plastic surgeons, neurosurgeons, oral surgeons, roentgenologists and derma tologists m et to submit their methods o f treat ment, problem s and suggested solutions. W h ile it is not possible to d o justice to each participant in a short review, it may never theless be appropriate to point out some in teresting features. Som e 22 lecturers covered the realm of fractures o f the jaws and face and the injuries o f the soft tissues and of the brain. T h ere is some disagreement between the European and Am erican scientists regarding treatment of fractures o f the tem porom andibular joint. T h e Europeans advocate conservative therapy, while the Am ericans prefer surgical treatment. Actually, orthopedic treatment has its place everywhere, and so has surgery. Surgical p ro cedures are especially useful in old, untreated or acute fractures. It is o f value when the m andible cannot be reduced and its m ove ments are lim ited or, especially in edentulous patients, where the injury is associated with m ultiple fractures o f the lower jaw. G ood results are reported in acute fractures o f the maxilla. O cclusion and facial contours are rehabilitated by the m ethod o f M cln d oe, w ho achieved fixation of the m andible to the maxilla by im mobilization of the tem porom an dibular joints, muscular movements, and repo sitioning. In arthroplasty of the joint, inter posed autogenous cartilage allows the residual condylar neck or ramus to act as fulcrum, while the earlier use-of fascia results in an open bite or retrusion. T en speakers discuss the m odern treatment o f facial palsy, a treatment still far from satis factory. T h e nerve grafting operations, by unit ing either the accessory nerve or the hypo glossal nerve with the peripheral ends o f the facial nerve, m ay result in lim itation o f the shoulder movements or speech disorders. T h e muscle-nerve transposition technic also has drawbacks. Plastic surgery is recom m ended for favorable cosmetic results in such instances
426 • T H E J O U R N A L O F THE A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
as face and eyelid lifting, and excision o f the superfluous skin around the nasolabial fold. T h e Argentine school secures operative re sults by resection o f certain muscles on the normal side o f the face in order to eliminate their excessive contraction. Suspension with fascia strips im proves the function o f the normal muscles. Seven surgeons survey reconstruction o f the external ear. Costal cartilage is used to sup port the auricle. Artificial ears are m ade o f plastic com pounds and retained by im planting subperiosteal castings underneath the skin. Th ere is an interesting article on the origin of the tube pedicle flap operation first executed by Italian plastic surgeons o f the sixteenth century. T h e rest o f the book is devoted to open bite operations and to treatment o f lymphangiomas and hemangiomas. T echn ics are outlined for repair o f malform ations or defects o f the m id face in w hich grafts are im planted through the mouth. Excellent pictures in color show neutraliza tion o f color in nevus flammeus by intradermal injections o f perm anent pigments. T h e dis cussion o f prophylactic neck dissection in cancer o f the maxilla treated by radical opera tion and irradiation w ith radioactive cobalt is interesting. T h e illustrations are excellent. T h e didactic style of the book makes it an admirable addition to the literature o f jaw and face surgery. E u gene Schorr
gions of the oral cavity in child patients. This emphasis is shared by Am erican dentists in their practice and philosophy. This book also is p ro o f that a scientist, per mitted to devote himself to research without supervision by the governm ent, can achieve im portant results. T h e introduction contains a broad review of the aspects o f dental prosthetics. T h e book is divided into the follow ing sections: (1 ) causes of premature tooth loss, (2 ) developm ent of dental arches, (3 ) designing and constructing of special dentures for children, (4 ) physio logical and psychological effects o f new den tures, (5 ) prevention and treatment o f mal occlusion and (6 ) relation between rickets and developm ent o f the teeth and the jaws. A n accurate and well-arranged bibliography m ainly o f Russian and Germ an references (n o Am erican author is listed) and an index com plete the book. This work presents a com prehensive, clear introduction to Russian pedodontics o f today. Paul H . Glucksman
DER A R ZN E IP FL A N ZE N - UND DROGENSCHATZ C H rN A S UND DIE BEDEUTUNG DES P E N -T S ’ AO K A N G -M U ALS STANDARDW ERK DER C H IN E SISC H E N MATERIA MEDICA (CHINA^S MEDICINAL PLANTS AND DRUGS AND T H E IM PORTANCE OF T H E P E N -T S ’ AO K A N G -M U , TH E C H IN E SE STANDARD W O R K ON
Z A H N - UND KIEFERERSATZ BEI KINDERN (ARTIFICIAL DEN TU RES AND JA W CORRECTION IN CH ILD P A TIE N T S )
By L . V. Iljina-M arkosjan. Translated from the Russian into German by B. K es sler. 158 pages with 184 illustrations. In d ex and bibliography. 16.50 D M . L eip zig, Johannes Ambrosius Barth Verlag, 1956. T h e result o f repeated, painstaking evaluation o f several decades o f Russian research, this work has achieved a concreteness, completeness and precision w hich, unfortunately, is lacking in most o f the dental textbooks arriving in the U n ited States from countries behind the Iron Curtain. T h e volume deserves close study not only by dentists and orthodontists but by Am erican textbook writers. Although there is no lack of theoretical background needed for com piling essential facts, the emphasis in this com para tively small paper-bound book is on the tech nics o f obtaining normal function in all re
PH ARM ACOLOGY)
By A lfred M osig and G ottfried Schramm. 72 pages with 5 illustrations. In d ex. 2.70 D M . Berlin, V E B V erlag V olk und Gesundheit, 1955. This booklet is intended prim arily for students o f pharm acology, especially those w ho are in terested in drugs used in ancient and modern China. T h e reader’ s attention is focused on both their action and use in Chinese medical and dental practice. In addition, the Germ an authors report on the peculiar standards o f the Chinese healing arts, the management o f Chinese pharmacies, the quality of Chinese ancient and modern m edical and dental literature, the variety of m edicinal plants, Chinese m edical and dental terminology, and finally on peculiar drugs ob tained from animals and minerals. Although inadequately bound it is well printed and can be recom m ended as interesting collateral reading on this special subject. Paul H . Glucksman
B O O K R EVIEW S . . . V O L U M E 54, M A R C H 1957 • 427
ZA H N Ä R ZTL IC H E CHIRURGIE, BAND II (OPERATIVE DEN TISTRY, VO LU M E I I )
By Josef Andreas K oh ler. 297 pages with 672 illustrations. Index. 34 D M . H eidel berg, D r. A lfred H üthig V erlag, 1956. This book is a presentation o f seven im portant subjects in dentistry— replantation, cysts, sup puration in the oral cavity, radical surgery in regions o f the periodontium and the alveolar process, plastic surgery and neuralgias causing oral symptoms— and is based on the author’s previously published first volume. T h e book, written in typical, scientific Ger man, is a brilliant example o f the printer’ s and lithographer’s art. M ost o f the illustrations are excellently reproduced. This second volum e o f the Germ an standard work on operative dentistry is not large but in its 297 pages are excellent discussions of some im portant dental and surgical points often missing in other textbooks. T h e appendix, operative dentistry in its re lation to the other specialized branches o f den tistry, covers with startling brevity the subject o f the cooperation necessary between dental specialists, the characteristics o f surgery within dentistry, and the organization o f offices and hospital wards. Both volumes o f this textbook should be use ful to those Am erican dentists capable o f read ing German, but even with a trifling knowl edge o f this language, the content or, at least, most o f it, can be understood if one remembers some school Latin. Paul H . Glucksman
H E A L T H IN S U R A N C E : W H A T ARE T H E IS S U E S ?
By T h e Canadian W elfare Council. 60 pages. A ppen d ix. $1. Ottaw a, Canadian W elfare C ouncil, 1956. This well-organized and w ell-written com pen dium on the subject o f health insurance is designed to clarify the issues involved in a national health insurance program rather than to recom m end any particular plan for adop tion b y the Canadian people. In the first five chapters such terms as costs o f m edical care, personal m edical care, health insurance, hospital insurance and nation-wide health plan are briefly explained. Considerable space is devoted to social, econ om ic and geo graphic conditions affecting the amount, quality and distribution o f health and hospital services and w hich reflect the need fo r national intervention in providing adequate services to all regardless of age, incom e or place o f
residence. Nongovernm ental plans such as Blue Cross and m edical care plans are discussed. A description is provided o f governm ental serv ices in the various provinces w hich range from lim ited to full m edical and hospital care for certain groups. These attempts to provide necessary services w ould seem to emphasize popular interest and the desire for a com pre hensive national program . T h e last five chapters develop the theme of a national com prehensive health insurance plan based on the criteria o f paym ent by the individual in accord with ability, coverage of the m a jor costs o f m edical care and inclusion o f the entire population. Financing the costs of com prehensive health care is discussed with suggestions as to sources o f funds, (personal contribution, industrial and general taxation), methods of collection and control o f the p r o gram. Adm inistration and organization o f the plan, w ith “ staging” or expansion b y degrees, concludes the text. Expansion w ould include dental care am ong other benefits. Fourteen pages o f appendix state the favor able attitude of the Canadian governm ent toward national health insurance, describe health insurance in Great Britain, N ew Z ea land and Scandinavia, provide data to supple ment the theme o f the text, and bibliography. H ealth Insurance is recom m ended to those interested in the subject. D . W . Brock APPLIED ORTHODONTICS
By James D avid M cC o y , M .S ., D .D .S., and Earl Em anuel Shepard, D.D.S. Seventh edition. 3 36 pages with 212 illus trations. In dex. $7.50. Philadelphia, L ea & F ebiger, 1956. In this seventh edition, D r. M cC o y provides again a scholarly revision o f his text for all students o f orthodontics. Its value, however, is not limited to the beginner, for the experienced orthodontist w ill find in the book a com pre hensive review o f the fundam ental knowledge on w hich the specialty is based. Chapters are included on growth and de velopm ent, etiology, classification, diagnosis and the anatom ic factors controlling normal occlusion or contributing to m alocclusion in the dentofacial region. O ne chapter is devoted to a com plete discussion o f A lbin O ppenheim ’ s classic work on the tissue changes w hich make possible the m ovem ent o f teeth. Excellent chapters are provided to describe pretreatment requirements. O ne is devoted to the gnathostatic impression technic for accu rately oriented plaster models. A nother con siders in detail roentgenographic aids in case analysis. T h e author stresses the im portance
428 • THE J O U R N A L O F T H E A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
of adequate photographic records in arriving at a com plete diagnosis. A warning note is given in a discussion of extraction com prom ises fo r the correction o f severe irregularities. In issuing his warning, Dr. M cC o y speaks from an experience o f 50 years in the private practice o f orthodontics, during 27 o f which he was also an instructor and professor o f orthodontics at the University of Southern California. T h e appliances currently used in treatment procedures are described in the chapters on the correction o f dental and oral anom alies; particular emphasis is placed on the mechanics involved in the application o f the M cC oy open tube appliance. T h e book is excellently illustrated, and the type is clear and readable. D r. M cC o y ’ s long-standing interest in proper orthodontic term inology and nom enclature is evident throughout the text. For the first time, the revision was under taken in collaboration with another author— Earl E. Shepard, professor of orthodontics at W ashington University, St. Louis, and assistant editor o f the Am erican Journal o f O rth o dontics. Full credit is given D r. Shepard for his capable contributions in the preparation o f this seventh edition o f A pplied O rthodontics. B. F. D ew el
DICTIONARY OF DIETETICS
By R hoda Ellis, Ph.D . 152 pages. $6.00. N ew York, Philosophical Library, 1956. T h e D ictionary o f D ietetics is a com pilation o f terms related to diet and diet therapy. In some instances only a definition is given, in others, com ments relating to the subject are included. Usually within the dietetic field, the com ments and definitions are good, although occasionally some meanings are not clear be cause im portant words have been om itted. A num ber of definitions and com ments in fields other than dietetics should have been checked m ore carefully by som eone with specialized training. T h ere are a num ber o f ambiguous and inaccurate statements relating to dentistry; such as, “ D entine: the hard dense calcified substance surrounding the pulp cavity o f a tooth, affixed by cem entum ,” “ Caries, dental: a cavity Caused by m outh bacteria bringing about gradual decay and excavation o f dentine o f the tooth,” “ Diet, dental: D iet in w hich texture o f the food is of primary consideration because o f the problem o f dentures,” “ Periodontal disease: a disease surrounding a tooth.” Even some sections relating specifically to diet could have been made clearer. A n ex
ample is the section on pastry. T h e order in w hich the details are arranged certainly would give most readers an erroneous idea o f the true caloric values of various kinds o f pie and do not make clear that “ pastry” is being used in the limited meaning o f “ crust” only. This kind o f book has great potential value because o f its com prehensive coverage, but this particular volum e w ould be m ore de pendable for everyone if a number of terms were carefully revised. D oroth ea F. Radusch
APPLIED DENTAL MATERIALS
By John N . A nderson, B.D.S. 422 pages with 31 illustrations. In dex. English edi tion, 37s. 6d. O xford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1956. U.S. edition, Spring field, III., Charles C Thom as, 1956. T h e author writes, “ This book . . . is intended as a guide to the everyday m anipulation of materials, rather than a scientific treatise upon their properties. It is intended both as a textbook fo r students, and also as a reference book to w hich dental practitioners and their technicians will turn . . .” Certainly, the author has attained his objective, since a num ber o f technics are described which are not ordinarily em ployed in the Am erican dentist’ s office but with w hich he should be familiar. For example, a chapter on the chrom ecobalt alloys presents for the first time in the dental literature a com plete account o f the technical procedures em ployed in the casting o f partial dentures, together w ith the theory involved. Each step of the procedure is ex plained. This particular type of alloy is too often neglected in the teaching o f dental materials in the U nited States. T h e book is divided into five sections, each o f w hich deals with a specific phase o f the subject. A ll o f the general phases o f the subject of dental materials are covered, including gen eral properties o f materials, cast and wrought metals, casting technics, plaster, stone, im pression materials, acrylic resins, dental ce ments and dental amalgams. T h e main ap proach is British, but there are few sections w hich cannot be applied to Am erican den tistry as well. T h e academ ic or basic science aspects o f the subject are related to the practical phases, but it is evident that the author is better versed in the technical phases than in some o f the background theory. T h e book is printed in an easily read type. T he illustrations are mainly line drawings
B O O K R EV IEW S . . . V O L U M E 5-1, M A R C H 1957 • 429
not too carefully selected. M ore illustrative material w ould enhance the value o f the book, particularly as a textbook. An extensive bibliography o f source m ate rial is appended. T h e references have been carefully selected, and both the English and the Am erican literature is covered. A list of selected physical tables is included. This book is definitely recom m ended as a part o f the required reading in courses in den tal materials, and it w ould be a valuable addition to the professional library of any practicing dentist. Eugene W . Skinner
has been brought up to date, and there is an illustrated discussion o f the newer method o f artificial respiration. Also included is new material on the problem o f influenza immuni zation. This volum e undoubtedly w ill be as well received as was the first edition. William W . Bolton
l ’in s t it u t
DE MEDECINE d e n t a i r e d e
l ’ u n iv e r s it e
(th e
DE GENEVE, 1 8 8 1 - 1 9 5 6
DENTAL IN STIT U T E OF T H E
U N IVERSITY OF GENEVA FROM TO H E A L TH OBSERVATION OF SCH OOL CHILDREN
By G eorge M . W heatley, M .D ., and G race T . H allock. S econd edition. 488 pages with illustrations. In d ex. $6.50. N ew York, T h e Blakiston Division, M c Graw-H ill Book C o., In c., 1956. Numerous improvem ents and additions have been m ade in this edition o f a volum e that appears to have becom e w ell established as a valuable aid to teachers, parents and all others w ho have direct relationships with children. W ith the help o f the simple yet com plete discussions o f all aspects o f child health and developm ent, such persons w ill be well prepared to detect deviations from normal, to provide significant guidance on health matters for children and to inculcate positive attitudes regarding health. This new volum e follow s the same general organization as earlier editions, with chapters on general child health problem s, growth, mental attitudes, the heart, lungs, gastrointes tinal tract, skin and special senses. T h e final chapter considers bones and muscles, their im portance in grow th and posture and dis orders that may affect them. T h ere is extensive discussion o f the teeth in the chapter on gastrointestinal functions, as w ell as material on speech problems that may result from tooth defects. Usefulness o f the book as a w orking tool is enhanced by the inclusion o f a list o f national organizations working in health education. Suggestions about visual aids fo r each chapter are contained in an appendix, w ith a selected list o f film sources. A t the end o f each chap ter there are provocative questions based on the subject material, suggested activities and a bibliography. M any chapters contain new material or have been extensively revised. T h e polio situation
1881
1956) E dited by A . J. H eld. 104 pages with 125 illustrations. Zurich, V erlag Berichthaus, 1956.
Detailed accounts o f the activities o f a dental school celebrating an im portant anniversary have becom e extremely popular with the den tal profession. Som e o f these reports provide little m ore than abstracts o f lectures and dis sertations; others, however, give an excellent description o f recent achievements in dental research and education and include critical analyses o f the w ork don e during the period reviewed. T h e value o f such a report depends largely on the ability of the editor and the standards o f the contributors. T h e Dental Institute o f the University of Geneva, Switzerland, one o f the oldest European dental schools, recently celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary. Prof. A. J. H eld, its present head, has issued an account of the various branches of den tistry in w hich the Institute is actively inter ested. T h e contributors, members o f the uni versity staff, have been w ell selected, and the com bined result o f their work makes this report an interesting publication for the den tal profession, especially for staff members of Am erican dental schools. This com paratively small, paper-bound book let provides a critical assessment o f the excel lent, educational work accom plished at the dental school in Geneva and avoids the danger o f being a “ cookbook o f dental education.” Although the book is written in French, it will be understood easily because each con tribution is accom panied by summaries in English and German. Illustrations are plentiful and excellent; the type cou ld be larger, the binding better, and an index and a bibliography added but, of course, this w ould mean additional expenses that the Institute obviously cou ld not meet. Paul H . Glucksman
430 • T H E J O U R N A L O F THE A M E R IC A N D EN T A L A S S O C IA T IO N
JOU R N A L OF T H E AM ERICAN MEDICAL A SSOCIATION , QUERIES AND M INOR NOTES
3 34 pages. $5.50. St. Louis, C. V. M osby C o., 1956. T h e keen interest displayed in the question and answer section o f the Journal of the A m er ican M ed ical Association is certainly a good reason for systematizing the heterogeneous questions according to the m edical concepts of 1955. T h e material is organized in terms of the body as a w hole and into the various sys tems and organs o f the b ody. T h e purpose is to present the views of experts on controver sial issues not foun d in standard textbooks or monographs. T h e dentist will find these questions repre sentative o f many encountered in everyday dental and m edical practice. This collection thus constitutes a valuable reference guide. I. N ew ton Kugelm ass
IN T H E DOCTOR’ S OFFICE---- T H E ART OF TH E MEDICAL A S S IST A N T
By Esther Jane Parsons. Second edition. 326 pages with illustrations. In dex. $3.95. Philadelphia, J. B. L ipp in cott C o., 1956. T h e material in this book, written by a for mer m edical assistant and teacher o f assistants, is presented in a somewhat different manner than in most books o f its kind. It should ap peal to the graduate nurse as w ell as to the person with secretarial training w ho seeks em ploym ent in the d octor’ s office. Its 16 chapters adequately cover all the duties o f a m edical assistant. N o attempt has been m ade to instruct the reader in the tech nical aspects o f m edical assisting as it is as sumed that those w ho use this book will have had such training. H ow ever, its chapter “ In T h e Treatm ent R oom ” provides technical inform ation that can be reviewed to good advantage. A chapter “ T h e Sum o f W hat Y ou A re” which discusses personality, dress, cosmetics and coiffure, carriage and posture, and char acter offers inform ation which this reviewer feels is too frequently overlooked by many writers o f books intended to assist persons rendering health services. Illustrations at the beginning o f each chap ter, cleverly done by Jean M cC on nell, inject a note o f hum or and a dd reader interest to the topics discussed. A lthough some might feel that this manner o f instruction is lacking in professional dignity, the reviewer believes the everyday business o f dealing with patients in
the doctor’ s office can be approached with advantage from a dow n to earth attitude. T h ere is a lesson in each illustration, and the inform ation in the chapters should provide the answers to many questions that the m edical assistant has probably failed to find in books o f a m ore technical nature. T h e type is large and readable. Although the paper and binding are adequate, im prove ment o f both might enhance the value o f the book. V iolet L. Crowley
DISEASES OF T H E SK IN
By Richard L. Sutton. Eleventh edition. 1,479 pages with 1,972 illustrations. In dex. $29.50. St. Louis, T h e C. V . M osby C o., 1956. This beautifully arranged and extremely com prehensive eleventh edition o f a volum e that has long enjoyed a superior rating comes up to all expectations. Timeliness o f the volum e is emphasized by the editor’ s com m ent to the effect that it has been m odernized throughout up to the time galley proofs were read. Since the previous edition was published in 1939, extensive revision was required in many sec tions. Thanks to the illustrations, o f which there are 1,972, the text is especially well explained. T h ere is a tremendous amount o f material that will be invaluable to the dentist, including illustrated discussions o f diseases o f the mouth, teeth, lips and gingiva. This material is found in a 362 page chapter on malform ations and neoplasms o f the skin and adjoinin g mucosa, in another 946 page chapter on diseases affect ing the m ucosa adjoining the skin and in various other chapters in w hich disorders due to specific causes are considered. T h ere is an extensive index, with appropriate cross references, that facilitates search for specific discussions. A fter chapters on anatomy, embryology, physiology, sym ptom atology and pathology, etiology and diagnosis, there is one on general treatment procedures in w hich special agents are considered. T h en follow several chapters on dermatoses due to various specific agents, including chemicals, viruses, bacteria, fungi, m etabolic and vascular dis'orders. In this volum e has been assembled all the technical inform ation necessary for understand ing and management o f derm atologic con di tions. These are emphasized in proportion to their incidence. Evaluation o f specific treat ment procedures is thorough and decisive. W illiam W . Bolton