Border and territorial disputes

Brief Reviews presenting himself at their brawls, even taking police blows on their behalf. His report is riveting and enormously disturbing. Buford paints a harrowing picture of rampaging crowds and purposeless violence. When British teams play one another, the “lads” go at each other. When British teams play foreigners, they adopt an extreme, mindless nationalism (“England, England, England, England” goes their chant). Whether throwing bricks through Indian restaurants at home or brutalizing Italian policeman abroad, they wallow in violent antagonism for its own sake. American readers will probably find them more threatening than even the worst inner-city gangs. While mostly disenfi-anchised and nearly without political importance, football supporters represent a strain of bellicose xenophobia not without significance. They send a message to near and far that public life in the United Kingdom, if not the whole of Western Europe, retains a brutal edge under its se-civilized exterior. D.P. Border and Territorial Disputes. 3d edition. Edited by John B. Allcock et al. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research, 1992. 630 pp. $245.00. Quick, name the U.S. government’s two territorial disputes. The firstGuantinamo base in Cuba, leased from Cuba for a small rent since 1903 but claimed back by Fidel Castro-isn’t too hard. But few will know the other, Navassa Island, an uninhabited outcrop of rock between Jamaica and Haiti that the latter claims. A useful and interesting book, Border and Tm-itorial LXputes covers problems as obscure as Navassa Island and as famed as the Iraqi claim on Kuwait. Its accounts are both reliable and objective. Africa hosts the most conflicts, twenty, followed by Europe with nineteen, East Asia with seventeen, the Americas with faeen, and the Middle East with twelve. Antarctica counts as one. China would appear to be the country with the most disputes, seven, a fact of possibly great fuhire significance. Not surprisingly, Europe has enjoyed a recent boom in border conflicts, so the pages devoted to its problems have doubled since the second edition appeared in 1987. The ArabIsraeli conflicts (note the plural) takes the most pages, followed by ex-Yugoslavia, the Kurile Islands, and the exSoviet Union. Inexplicably, claims to the whole of a territory (as opposed to just part of it) tend to get neglected. Thus, both the Syrian claim to Lebanon and the Chinese claim to Hong Kong are absent. Now, if only Gale Research (and the Longman Group in Great Britain, the original publisher) priced books less extravagantly, individual researchers could own this wonderful compendium and make full use of it. D.P. The culture of Freedom The Small World of Fulbright Scholars. By Leonard R. Sussman. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 1992. 198 pp. $37.50. Sussman, of the Freedom House staff, presents a long overdue analysis of the flagship of internationally scholarly exchange. He has examined not only the massive primary and secondary sources on the Fulbright program, but also conducted interviews with many outstanding Fulbright participants (who include 466 I Orbis