- Email: [email protected]
British army crankcase oils-engine tests in specification DEF-2101-D
SYSTEMATIC
ABSTRACTS
A Study of the Dry Friction Characteristics of some Cermets at High Sliding Speeds. M. E. Belitskii and B. I. Kostetskii, Soviet M&r. Sci., z (I) (1966) 51-53; 4 figs., I refs. (Translation by Faraday Press, New York of Fiz.-Khim.
Mekhan.
Mater.,
z
(I)
(1966)
67-71.) The testing
of cermet sealing materials at high sliding speeds leads to high surface temperatures and changes in the structure and properties of the materials. Oxide films formed prevent seizure. Graphite and boron nitride used as solid lubricants in the cermct sealing materials act as protective antifriction additives. The coefficient of friction and wear of graphite-containing material increase at high sliding speeds due to the graphite burning out by frictional heating. Boron nitride containing material gives lower friction and wear rates over the entire sliding-speed range investigated. 3, LUBRICATION
ilND
LUBRICANTS
Lubrication Requirements of a Modern Diesel Engine. John .4. McLain, Lubrication Eng., 24 (6) (1968) 254-261; 12 figs; 3 tables, 3 refs. A general discussion of a method to determine lubrication requirements for diesel engines. Laboratory experience is gained in single and multi-cylinder engines and field experience is obtained from proving ground and user tests before lubrication recommendations are finalized. British Army Crankcase Oils-Engine Tests in Specification DEF-2101-D. P.C. Hall, R. Pearson and C. C. Washbrook, Lubrication Eng., 24 (6) 18 figs., 7 tables, 4 refs.
69
OF CURRENT LITERATURE
(1968)
262-273;
The standardization of small scale engine tests and factors leading to their adoption in a defense specification are discussed. The assessment of oxidation stability and of detergency are described. A summary of engine operating experience is presented and some experience with reference oil is reported. A Study of the Interactions of Turbulent Shear Flow and Displacement Flow between Parallel Walls. Y. C. Hsu and R. A. Burton, ASLE Trans., II (3) (1968) 191-195; 3 figs., 3 tables, 9 refs. A mixing length approach is applied to the case of a spiral flow, where pressure flow acts across a Couette flow as in the case of end leakage around a shaft. The mixing length is expressed as a dimensionless function of the modulus of the local velocity vector, drawing upon an empirical relationship based upon
wall-law flow data. Results are in approximate agreement with a set of experimental measurements which indicates that the computation scheme accounts for the major factors in such flows, where the shear stress changes direction outward from a wall. On the Separation Boundary Condition for Fluid Lubrication Theories of Journal Bearings. H. Mori, H. Yabe and Y. Fujita, AISLE Tra~zs., II (3) (1968) 196-203; 12 figs., I table, 6 refs. The lubricant at the trailing edge is considered from the theoretical standpoint concerning the film rupture of a journal bearing. The reverse flow and hence the separation of fluid are observed experimentally to cause the film rupture. By using this condition, the bearing characteristics, such as eccentricity, and attitude angle are inload capacity, vestigated theoretically. Experimental results using the transparent bearing for the direct observation of the bearing film behaviour agree well with the theoretical results. Interaction of Machine Part Materials with Lubricants during Friction. 22. Ya. Artamonov and F. T. Mamykin, Soviet Mater. Sci., 2 (I) (1966) 62-65; 6 figs., 3 tables, 3 refs. (Translation by Faraday Press, New York of Fiz.-Khim. 1Mekhan. Mater., 2 (I) (1966) 84-88.) The behaviour of lubricants between rubbing surfaces depends not so much on the system as on the state of the lubricating surface layer of the material due to friction. hlaterial chemical composition is important for lubricant reaction and wetting. With porous metal components the lubrication conditions are improved but too high a porosity of bearing material with forced lubrication has a harmful effect; the optimum porosity is ro-r5’:. Symposium Rheology.
on Lubrication
and Lubricant
(Tvans. A4SME, Ser. F), 90 (3) (1968) j26-613; IO papers. From the preface by W. 0. Winer: The symposium was sponsored by the Research Committee of the ASiME in cooperation wTith the ASTM and ASLE. The objectives were (a) to define the current state of the art relating to lubricant rheology; (b) to d&ermine if further research should be encouraged; and (c) if additional research is necessary, to formulate guidelines for it. To establish a common foundation between the disciplines the Symposium opened with two state-of-the-art papers (I and 2). Current research efforts were presented in the remaining sessions The rheological properties
JOLT
Wear, 13 (1969) 67-76
ABSTRACTS
A Study of the Dry Friction Characteristics of some Cermets at High Sliding Speeds. M. E. Belitskii and B. I. Kostetskii, Soviet M&r. Sci., z (I) (1966) 51-53; 4 figs., I refs. (Translation by Faraday Press, New York of Fiz.-Khim.
Mekhan.
Mater.,
z
(I)
(1966)
67-71.) The testing
of cermet sealing materials at high sliding speeds leads to high surface temperatures and changes in the structure and properties of the materials. Oxide films formed prevent seizure. Graphite and boron nitride used as solid lubricants in the cermct sealing materials act as protective antifriction additives. The coefficient of friction and wear of graphite-containing material increase at high sliding speeds due to the graphite burning out by frictional heating. Boron nitride containing material gives lower friction and wear rates over the entire sliding-speed range investigated. 3, LUBRICATION
ilND
LUBRICANTS
Lubrication Requirements of a Modern Diesel Engine. John .4. McLain, Lubrication Eng., 24 (6) (1968) 254-261; 12 figs; 3 tables, 3 refs. A general discussion of a method to determine lubrication requirements for diesel engines. Laboratory experience is gained in single and multi-cylinder engines and field experience is obtained from proving ground and user tests before lubrication recommendations are finalized. British Army Crankcase Oils-Engine Tests in Specification DEF-2101-D. P.C. Hall, R. Pearson and C. C. Washbrook, Lubrication Eng., 24 (6) 18 figs., 7 tables, 4 refs.
69
OF CURRENT LITERATURE
(1968)
262-273;
The standardization of small scale engine tests and factors leading to their adoption in a defense specification are discussed. The assessment of oxidation stability and of detergency are described. A summary of engine operating experience is presented and some experience with reference oil is reported. A Study of the Interactions of Turbulent Shear Flow and Displacement Flow between Parallel Walls. Y. C. Hsu and R. A. Burton, ASLE Trans., II (3) (1968) 191-195; 3 figs., 3 tables, 9 refs. A mixing length approach is applied to the case of a spiral flow, where pressure flow acts across a Couette flow as in the case of end leakage around a shaft. The mixing length is expressed as a dimensionless function of the modulus of the local velocity vector, drawing upon an empirical relationship based upon
wall-law flow data. Results are in approximate agreement with a set of experimental measurements which indicates that the computation scheme accounts for the major factors in such flows, where the shear stress changes direction outward from a wall. On the Separation Boundary Condition for Fluid Lubrication Theories of Journal Bearings. H. Mori, H. Yabe and Y. Fujita, AISLE Tra~zs., II (3) (1968) 196-203; 12 figs., I table, 6 refs. The lubricant at the trailing edge is considered from the theoretical standpoint concerning the film rupture of a journal bearing. The reverse flow and hence the separation of fluid are observed experimentally to cause the film rupture. By using this condition, the bearing characteristics, such as eccentricity, and attitude angle are inload capacity, vestigated theoretically. Experimental results using the transparent bearing for the direct observation of the bearing film behaviour agree well with the theoretical results. Interaction of Machine Part Materials with Lubricants during Friction. 22. Ya. Artamonov and F. T. Mamykin, Soviet Mater. Sci., 2 (I) (1966) 62-65; 6 figs., 3 tables, 3 refs. (Translation by Faraday Press, New York of Fiz.-Khim. 1Mekhan. Mater., 2 (I) (1966) 84-88.) The behaviour of lubricants between rubbing surfaces depends not so much on the system as on the state of the lubricating surface layer of the material due to friction. hlaterial chemical composition is important for lubricant reaction and wetting. With porous metal components the lubrication conditions are improved but too high a porosity of bearing material with forced lubrication has a harmful effect; the optimum porosity is ro-r5’:. Symposium Rheology.
on Lubrication
and Lubricant
(Tvans. A4SME, Ser. F), 90 (3) (1968) j26-613; IO papers. From the preface by W. 0. Winer: The symposium was sponsored by the Research Committee of the ASiME in cooperation wTith the ASTM and ASLE. The objectives were (a) to define the current state of the art relating to lubricant rheology; (b) to d&ermine if further research should be encouraged; and (c) if additional research is necessary, to formulate guidelines for it. To establish a common foundation between the disciplines the Symposium opened with two state-of-the-art papers (I and 2). Current research efforts were presented in the remaining sessions The rheological properties
JOLT
Wear, 13 (1969) 67-76