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British gas develops a new monitor to help energy managers
Vacuum News prevent over-heating. Temperature is monitored by the installed K type thermocouple in the screened volume protecting the element matrix. An insulated housing protects the module head which is external to the heated vessel. Operating at 25 V with a current of 200 A max and power max of 5.0 kW the unit has a power density of 100 Wcma. These heaters are designed to enable users to evaluate the potential for porous element heating in their own laboratories. Should further optimization of the heating system be required the extensive experience of PEH is available. Porous Element Heating, Havenside, Fishtoft Road, Boston, Lincolnshire PE21 OAH
A new helium
leak detector
A versatile helium leak detector of proved reliability that can be used with coarse leak and autoranging versions in all sectors of industry where both fine and extremely coarse leakages must be located has been introduced by Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. Known as the Ultratest F-AG, the leak detector is suitable for large tanks and vessels, welded parts, fittings, components in power plants and chemical plant, particularly where there are official standards to be complied with. The Ultratest F-AG has supplementary features which open new fields of application. These include: Quantitative indication of coarse leaks; Throughout the whole leak detection range with digital display of range index from extremely small to coarse leaks the instrument allows direct meter reading of the leak rate in mbar I s-‘; Automatic range switching (autoranging); Depending on the size of the leak the leak detector changes automatically to the corresponding meter range, making manual switching of the leak rate meter ranges no longer necessary. In addition to the above extras the Ultratest F offer the following features as standard, among other advantages; Fully automatic inlet control enables leak testing at pressures from 1 mbar in the equipment under test and an option allows leak testing from atmosphere. Audio leak signal and built-in selector for operation on mass 4 or mass 3. Long life filament and twin magnetic fields ensure the unit gives maximum sensitivity and reliability. Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. 16 Endeavour Way, Durnsford Road, London SW1 9 BUH
Gas analyser A gas analyser that allows all gaseous elements with molecules of atomic weights in a range between 1 and 100 amu to be detected is announced by Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. Called the Quadruvac Q 100. the analyser is a quadrupole mass spectrometer purposely designed for routine process monitoring and control. Even heavier molecules such as linear hydrocarbon chains can be analysed as they can be decomposed into lighter fractions by high-energy electron bombardment. Hence the 0 100 is outstandingly suitable for analysis of contaminants and other disturbing substances in vacuum processes. 596
Contamination of the vacuum chamber, pollution of the working gas, air and water leaks, oil backstreaming from defective pumps, undesired outgassing of targets or other insert components can at once be identified. This enables the user to take immediate and effective action without wasting time with lengthy fault detection or correcting non-existent errors. In many vacuum processes the working pressure is too high for direct gas analysis by a quadrupole mass spectrometer. A pressure converter system used in combination with the Q 100 solves this problem by reducing the process pressure to the typical operating pressure of the mass spectrometer without influencing the original composition of the gas mixture under analysis. Leybold-Heraeus Ltd, 16 Endeavour Way, Durnsford Road, London SW19 8UH
New generation systems
of ultra-high
vacuum
freeze
etching
Balzers Union have introduced a new generation of ultra-high vacuum freeze etching systems, designated BAF 500K. Many new accessories and features are embodied in BAF 500K systems. These include: a fully automatically controlled cryo pumping arrangement which facilitates pumping to the working vacuum overnight; an attainable ultimate vacuum of 5 x lO-‘O mbar: a refrigerator cold table, with highly accurate temperature adjustment from +20 to-265’C without liquid helium; and a high vacuum specimen lock for frost free introduction of the loaded cold specimen table. The working vacuum of less than 10ms is reached only 10 min after the specimen has been introduced through the lock. In addition, the BAF 500K provides for the installation of three water-cooled electron beam evaporators-a heavy metal source, and two carbon sources allowing either 8 freeze etching or 10 to 15 freeze drying runs per uhv cycle. A tilting device on the uhv specimen table also allows continuous adjustment of the evaporation angle between 0 and 90”. at any time during the evaporation process. Balzers High Vacuum Ltd. Northbridge Road, Berkhamsted. Hertfordshire HP4 1 EN
British Gas develops managers
a new monitor
to help energy
A new low cost monitoring instrument of particular interest to energy managers has been developed by British Gas for a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. Known as MATILDA (Metering and Totalizing Instrument for Load Demand Assessment), the instrument will help to identify ways of saving energy, for example, by automatically recording and analysing the pattern of gas used. The versatile unit can also be used to monitor the thermal efficiency of many processes involving liquid flow through pipes. This facility embraces an extremely wide range of plant, including water heaters, boilers, hot water space heating systems, thermal fluid heaters, heat pumps and air conditioning systems. The MATILDA unit is now being manufactured under licence by Sension Electronics Ltd of Northwich, Cheshire for marketing at home and overseas. Records from up to five separate sources. MATILDA is a multiple input unit incorporatrng an electronic calculator that can be
Vacuum News
A BAF 500K ultra-high vacuum freeze etching system, recently introduced by Bakers Union. BAF 500K systems incorporate a number of new features-full technical details are available on request from the company.
programmed to meet individually tailored energy studies. The unit can simultaneoulsy record data from up to five separate sources on plant processes and space heating installations, and an integral crystal clock provides an accurate time base. These advanced design features enable it to assess the thermal efficiency of space heating systems in hospitals, offices and schools, etc by directly recording the gas flow and outdoor temperature in degree day units. British Gas, Rivermill House, 152 Grosvenor Road, London SW1 V 3JL
Coolant
hose stays on target
A full range of well proven flexible leakproof and chemical resistant coolant tubes that can be bent into permanent position without restraining clips has been launched onto the UK market. The Polar Chip range of tubes are engineered with a special ‘bendable’ core inside a leakproof and chemical resistant rubber casing. Once the tube is bent into position, it will hold its shape indefinitely. The use of the rubber outer casing virtually eliminates problems of dripping, leaking and crimping associated with a conventional spiral wound metal tube. Once the tube is targeted onto the work-piece, there is no need to tape, wire or clip it into position. The tubes are marketed by
Tecmaco International Ltd of Stroud, Gloucestershire. They are available in a full range of size and lengths and with a choice of end fittings. Polar Chip coolant tubes are reusable and can be reshaped to meet different applications without damaging either the strength of the casing or the directional stability of the core. Available in NPT and TIP sires+ in.,+ in.,+ in.,+ in.,+ in. (Also available with male threads on both ends, special order.) Standard lengths 12 in., 1 B in., 24 in. and 30 in. Issued by: Paskett Public Relations, 51 Friar Gate, Derby DE1 1 DF On behalf of: Tecmaco International Ltd
Fully automatic
silicon
crystal
production
New micro-processor controlled crystal growing plants have been announced by Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. London SW19 BUH (01-947 9744). For years Leybold-Heraeus have been refining their crystal growing plant using the Czochralski method. Now for the first time fully automatic silicon monocrystal production is possible in which _
59i
A new helium
leak detector
A versatile helium leak detector of proved reliability that can be used with coarse leak and autoranging versions in all sectors of industry where both fine and extremely coarse leakages must be located has been introduced by Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. Known as the Ultratest F-AG, the leak detector is suitable for large tanks and vessels, welded parts, fittings, components in power plants and chemical plant, particularly where there are official standards to be complied with. The Ultratest F-AG has supplementary features which open new fields of application. These include: Quantitative indication of coarse leaks; Throughout the whole leak detection range with digital display of range index from extremely small to coarse leaks the instrument allows direct meter reading of the leak rate in mbar I s-‘; Automatic range switching (autoranging); Depending on the size of the leak the leak detector changes automatically to the corresponding meter range, making manual switching of the leak rate meter ranges no longer necessary. In addition to the above extras the Ultratest F offer the following features as standard, among other advantages; Fully automatic inlet control enables leak testing at pressures from 1 mbar in the equipment under test and an option allows leak testing from atmosphere. Audio leak signal and built-in selector for operation on mass 4 or mass 3. Long life filament and twin magnetic fields ensure the unit gives maximum sensitivity and reliability. Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. 16 Endeavour Way, Durnsford Road, London SW1 9 BUH
Gas analyser A gas analyser that allows all gaseous elements with molecules of atomic weights in a range between 1 and 100 amu to be detected is announced by Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. Called the Quadruvac Q 100. the analyser is a quadrupole mass spectrometer purposely designed for routine process monitoring and control. Even heavier molecules such as linear hydrocarbon chains can be analysed as they can be decomposed into lighter fractions by high-energy electron bombardment. Hence the 0 100 is outstandingly suitable for analysis of contaminants and other disturbing substances in vacuum processes. 596
Contamination of the vacuum chamber, pollution of the working gas, air and water leaks, oil backstreaming from defective pumps, undesired outgassing of targets or other insert components can at once be identified. This enables the user to take immediate and effective action without wasting time with lengthy fault detection or correcting non-existent errors. In many vacuum processes the working pressure is too high for direct gas analysis by a quadrupole mass spectrometer. A pressure converter system used in combination with the Q 100 solves this problem by reducing the process pressure to the typical operating pressure of the mass spectrometer without influencing the original composition of the gas mixture under analysis. Leybold-Heraeus Ltd, 16 Endeavour Way, Durnsford Road, London SW19 8UH
New generation systems
of ultra-high
vacuum
freeze
etching
Balzers Union have introduced a new generation of ultra-high vacuum freeze etching systems, designated BAF 500K. Many new accessories and features are embodied in BAF 500K systems. These include: a fully automatically controlled cryo pumping arrangement which facilitates pumping to the working vacuum overnight; an attainable ultimate vacuum of 5 x lO-‘O mbar: a refrigerator cold table, with highly accurate temperature adjustment from +20 to-265’C without liquid helium; and a high vacuum specimen lock for frost free introduction of the loaded cold specimen table. The working vacuum of less than 10ms is reached only 10 min after the specimen has been introduced through the lock. In addition, the BAF 500K provides for the installation of three water-cooled electron beam evaporators-a heavy metal source, and two carbon sources allowing either 8 freeze etching or 10 to 15 freeze drying runs per uhv cycle. A tilting device on the uhv specimen table also allows continuous adjustment of the evaporation angle between 0 and 90”. at any time during the evaporation process. Balzers High Vacuum Ltd. Northbridge Road, Berkhamsted. Hertfordshire HP4 1 EN
British Gas develops managers
a new monitor
to help energy
A new low cost monitoring instrument of particular interest to energy managers has been developed by British Gas for a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. Known as MATILDA (Metering and Totalizing Instrument for Load Demand Assessment), the instrument will help to identify ways of saving energy, for example, by automatically recording and analysing the pattern of gas used. The versatile unit can also be used to monitor the thermal efficiency of many processes involving liquid flow through pipes. This facility embraces an extremely wide range of plant, including water heaters, boilers, hot water space heating systems, thermal fluid heaters, heat pumps and air conditioning systems. The MATILDA unit is now being manufactured under licence by Sension Electronics Ltd of Northwich, Cheshire for marketing at home and overseas. Records from up to five separate sources. MATILDA is a multiple input unit incorporatrng an electronic calculator that can be
Vacuum News
A BAF 500K ultra-high vacuum freeze etching system, recently introduced by Bakers Union. BAF 500K systems incorporate a number of new features-full technical details are available on request from the company.
programmed to meet individually tailored energy studies. The unit can simultaneoulsy record data from up to five separate sources on plant processes and space heating installations, and an integral crystal clock provides an accurate time base. These advanced design features enable it to assess the thermal efficiency of space heating systems in hospitals, offices and schools, etc by directly recording the gas flow and outdoor temperature in degree day units. British Gas, Rivermill House, 152 Grosvenor Road, London SW1 V 3JL
Coolant
hose stays on target
A full range of well proven flexible leakproof and chemical resistant coolant tubes that can be bent into permanent position without restraining clips has been launched onto the UK market. The Polar Chip range of tubes are engineered with a special ‘bendable’ core inside a leakproof and chemical resistant rubber casing. Once the tube is bent into position, it will hold its shape indefinitely. The use of the rubber outer casing virtually eliminates problems of dripping, leaking and crimping associated with a conventional spiral wound metal tube. Once the tube is targeted onto the work-piece, there is no need to tape, wire or clip it into position. The tubes are marketed by
Tecmaco International Ltd of Stroud, Gloucestershire. They are available in a full range of size and lengths and with a choice of end fittings. Polar Chip coolant tubes are reusable and can be reshaped to meet different applications without damaging either the strength of the casing or the directional stability of the core. Available in NPT and TIP sires+ in.,+ in.,+ in.,+ in.,+ in. (Also available with male threads on both ends, special order.) Standard lengths 12 in., 1 B in., 24 in. and 30 in. Issued by: Paskett Public Relations, 51 Friar Gate, Derby DE1 1 DF On behalf of: Tecmaco International Ltd
Fully automatic
silicon
crystal
production
New micro-processor controlled crystal growing plants have been announced by Leybold-Heraeus Ltd. London SW19 BUH (01-947 9744). For years Leybold-Heraeus have been refining their crystal growing plant using the Czochralski method. Now for the first time fully automatic silicon monocrystal production is possible in which _
59i