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Calcium and Vitamin D Intake of Children and Adolescents with Asthma
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 23
POSTER SESSION: NUTRITION ASSESSMENT/MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY TITLE: CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D INTAKE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH ASTHMA AUTHOR(S): M.R. Metz, MS, University of Florida Pediatric Pulmonary Center, Gainesville, FL; G.P.A. Kauwell, PhD, RD, LDN, University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Gainesville, FL; E.K. Bowser, MS, RD, CSP, LDN, RN; S.E. Chesrown, MD, PhD, University of Florida Pediatric Pulmonary Center, Gainesville, FL LEARNING OUTCOME: Participants will be able to use the findings of this study to support the need to assess the calcium intake of children and adolescents with asthma and to provide nutrition counseling as appropriate. TEXT: Parents of children with asthma report milk and dairy products to be the foods most often eliminated or avoided. Elimination of these foods often is related to the belief that cow’s milk/dairy products affect asthma symptoms, a belief that is not supported by existing research. This practice could have an adverse effect on the intake of calcium and vitamin D, nutrients associated with favorable bone growth and development. The purpose of this study was to examine calcium and vitamin D intakes of children and adolescents with asthma. Subjects with asthma were recruited from the Pediatric Pulmonary Center Asthma Clinic and the University of Florida Asthma Research Lab. Three-day food records were collected, and the mean 3-day dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes were compared to the Adequate Intake (AI) and to data for an age-matched reference population (i.e., Continuing Survey of Food Intakes of Individuals, CSFII). The calcium intake for 1 to 3 year old children with asthma was significantly less (p ⫽ 0.001) than the intake reported in the CSFII database. The calcium intake for 9 to 18 year old youth with asthma was significantly lower than the AI (p ⫽ 0.02). Vitamin D intake met the AI for all age groups. No differences were detected between the vitamin D intakes of subjects with asthma compared to the CSFII data. Dietitians and other healthcare providers should encourage adequate calcium intake in children and adolescents with asthma with the goal of reducing future risk for osteoporosis in this vulnerable population. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: Supported by an unrestricted donation from Dairy Farmers, Inc. and partially supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau through grant number 3T72 MC 00002–11 S1.
TITLE: PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS FAIL EXTUBATION WITH MODERATE TO SEVERELY DEPLETED TRANSFERRIN LEVELS AUTHOR(S): C. DeTallo, RD, CSP, LD; L. Granger; The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand and discuss the importance of evaluating transferrin levels prior to extubation of PICU patients. TEXT: The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that pediatric intensive care (PICU) patients fail extubation with moderate to severely depleted serum transferrin levels. A sample of 47 PICU patients were on the ventilator five days or greater and were between the ages of 0 –50 years old. Patients may not have been pediatric age due to having a congenital heart defect. Exclusions to the study include patients with lung disease, tracheotomy, and expiration. Chi Square was used to determine statistical significance between transferrin level and extubation success or failure. Of the 47 patients, transferrin levels were mildly depleted (7), moderately depleted (34), and severely depleted (6). All 7 of the mildly depleted group passed extubation. Of the 34 moderately depleted patients, 21 passed extubation, and 13 failed extubation. All 6 of the severely depleted group failed extubation. Chi Square was done and a value of 13.65 was found. There was one degree of freedom, a p value of 0.001, and a critical value of 10.83. There was a significant difference between transferrin level and passing or failing extubation. The study supports the need to evaluate a PICU patient’s serum transferrin level prior to extubation. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
TITLE: NUTRITION INTERVENTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD REDUCES BODY MASS INDEX OR WEIGHT FOR HEIGHT IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AUTHOR(S): V.M. Baker, MS, RD, LD, CFCS; K.M. Jablonski, MS, RD, LD; C.R. Morgan, MS, RD, LD; A.D. Richbourg, MS, RD, LD; K.L. Steelman, BS; KIDS FIRST/UAMS Department of Pediatrics, Little Rock, AR LEARNING OUTCOME: To describe a model program to reduce weight-for-height or Body Mass Index in overweight children with special needs. TEXT: In 2004, approximately 39% of children enrolled in a medical day program for children with special needs met guidelines for at risk for overweight (85th-94th percentile) or overweight (ⱖ95th percentile). Intervention methods included modification of diets, increasing water consumption, increasing physical activity and revising intake data to identify obesity related diseases in families. A Nutrition and Physical Activity Curriculum was developed for use in the classrooms. The curriculum focuses on healthy eating and physical activity. It was piloted in eleven clinics and four private daycares centers. A Bored Time Boogie spinner board game was developed and used along with the curriculum as an easy way to incorporate physical activity into daily classroom routines. Families were surveyed to determine how they viewed their child’s weight and their food and activity habits in the home. Twenty-seven percent (27%) of parents felt their child was overweight and was concerned about their child’s weight. A website (www.healthierchildren.org) was developed to provide a resource for nutrition and physical activity information. Fifty-five percent (55%) of the children who remained enrolled for the entire grant year and who met at risk for overweight/ overweight criteria had a decrease in weight-for-height or Body Mass Index (BMI). Another 12% of the children that met at risk for overweight/overweight criteria were successful in maintaining their weight-for-height or BMI percentile. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: Blue and You Foundation for a Healthier Arkansas Grant
TITLE: IMPROVEMENT IN DEPRESSION SCORES IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS GIVEN SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTS AUTHOR(S): J.E. Spallholz, PhD; L.R. Tatum, PhD; L.M. Boylan, PhD, RD; C.J. Weiss, PhD, RN; Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the potential for selenium supplements as a treatment for mild to moderate depression in the elderly. TEXT: Selenium (Se), as part of glutathione peroxidases and selenoprotein P, plays a role as an antioxidant. The presence of oxidative stress in the brain is associated with some cases of depression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate depression scores in mild to moderately depressed elderly subjects before and after consuming supplemental selenium. In a placebo controlled, double blind prospective study, 16 elderly subjects (3 males, 13 females) with a mean age of 63 years and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI) scores indicative of mild to moderate depression were randomly assigned to a placebo group or to receive 200 g Se/day as selenomethionine for 7 weeks. Mean pretreatment plasma Se values as analyzed fluorometrically were 1.3⫾ 0.4 g/L in the Se group and 1.2⫾0.1 g/L in the placebo group. Plasma Se values were within normal range and there was not a significant difference between groups. After treatment, the Se group had a statistically significant (paired t test) increase in plasma Se to 1.9⫾0.2 g/L (p⬍0.05) and decrease in BDI scores of 10.4 points (p⬍0.001) whereas the placebo group had no change in the mean plasma Se (1.2⫾0.1 g/L ) and had a non-significant decrease of 3.0 points in the mean BDI score. The mean BDI score (14.7⫾5.8) in the Se groups was indicative of mild to moderate depression before supplementation and decreased to normal (4.3⫾6.5 g/L) after treatment. More research with a larger number of subjects is needed to confirm the effect of selenium on mood in the elderly. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
A-26 / August 2005 Suppl 2—Abstracts Volume 105 Number 8
POSTER SESSION: NUTRITION ASSESSMENT/MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY TITLE: CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D INTAKE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH ASTHMA AUTHOR(S): M.R. Metz, MS, University of Florida Pediatric Pulmonary Center, Gainesville, FL; G.P.A. Kauwell, PhD, RD, LDN, University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Gainesville, FL; E.K. Bowser, MS, RD, CSP, LDN, RN; S.E. Chesrown, MD, PhD, University of Florida Pediatric Pulmonary Center, Gainesville, FL LEARNING OUTCOME: Participants will be able to use the findings of this study to support the need to assess the calcium intake of children and adolescents with asthma and to provide nutrition counseling as appropriate. TEXT: Parents of children with asthma report milk and dairy products to be the foods most often eliminated or avoided. Elimination of these foods often is related to the belief that cow’s milk/dairy products affect asthma symptoms, a belief that is not supported by existing research. This practice could have an adverse effect on the intake of calcium and vitamin D, nutrients associated with favorable bone growth and development. The purpose of this study was to examine calcium and vitamin D intakes of children and adolescents with asthma. Subjects with asthma were recruited from the Pediatric Pulmonary Center Asthma Clinic and the University of Florida Asthma Research Lab. Three-day food records were collected, and the mean 3-day dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes were compared to the Adequate Intake (AI) and to data for an age-matched reference population (i.e., Continuing Survey of Food Intakes of Individuals, CSFII). The calcium intake for 1 to 3 year old children with asthma was significantly less (p ⫽ 0.001) than the intake reported in the CSFII database. The calcium intake for 9 to 18 year old youth with asthma was significantly lower than the AI (p ⫽ 0.02). Vitamin D intake met the AI for all age groups. No differences were detected between the vitamin D intakes of subjects with asthma compared to the CSFII data. Dietitians and other healthcare providers should encourage adequate calcium intake in children and adolescents with asthma with the goal of reducing future risk for osteoporosis in this vulnerable population. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: Supported by an unrestricted donation from Dairy Farmers, Inc. and partially supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau through grant number 3T72 MC 00002–11 S1.
TITLE: PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS FAIL EXTUBATION WITH MODERATE TO SEVERELY DEPLETED TRANSFERRIN LEVELS AUTHOR(S): C. DeTallo, RD, CSP, LD; L. Granger; The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand and discuss the importance of evaluating transferrin levels prior to extubation of PICU patients. TEXT: The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that pediatric intensive care (PICU) patients fail extubation with moderate to severely depleted serum transferrin levels. A sample of 47 PICU patients were on the ventilator five days or greater and were between the ages of 0 –50 years old. Patients may not have been pediatric age due to having a congenital heart defect. Exclusions to the study include patients with lung disease, tracheotomy, and expiration. Chi Square was used to determine statistical significance between transferrin level and extubation success or failure. Of the 47 patients, transferrin levels were mildly depleted (7), moderately depleted (34), and severely depleted (6). All 7 of the mildly depleted group passed extubation. Of the 34 moderately depleted patients, 21 passed extubation, and 13 failed extubation. All 6 of the severely depleted group failed extubation. Chi Square was done and a value of 13.65 was found. There was one degree of freedom, a p value of 0.001, and a critical value of 10.83. There was a significant difference between transferrin level and passing or failing extubation. The study supports the need to evaluate a PICU patient’s serum transferrin level prior to extubation. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
TITLE: NUTRITION INTERVENTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD REDUCES BODY MASS INDEX OR WEIGHT FOR HEIGHT IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AUTHOR(S): V.M. Baker, MS, RD, LD, CFCS; K.M. Jablonski, MS, RD, LD; C.R. Morgan, MS, RD, LD; A.D. Richbourg, MS, RD, LD; K.L. Steelman, BS; KIDS FIRST/UAMS Department of Pediatrics, Little Rock, AR LEARNING OUTCOME: To describe a model program to reduce weight-for-height or Body Mass Index in overweight children with special needs. TEXT: In 2004, approximately 39% of children enrolled in a medical day program for children with special needs met guidelines for at risk for overweight (85th-94th percentile) or overweight (ⱖ95th percentile). Intervention methods included modification of diets, increasing water consumption, increasing physical activity and revising intake data to identify obesity related diseases in families. A Nutrition and Physical Activity Curriculum was developed for use in the classrooms. The curriculum focuses on healthy eating and physical activity. It was piloted in eleven clinics and four private daycares centers. A Bored Time Boogie spinner board game was developed and used along with the curriculum as an easy way to incorporate physical activity into daily classroom routines. Families were surveyed to determine how they viewed their child’s weight and their food and activity habits in the home. Twenty-seven percent (27%) of parents felt their child was overweight and was concerned about their child’s weight. A website (www.healthierchildren.org) was developed to provide a resource for nutrition and physical activity information. Fifty-five percent (55%) of the children who remained enrolled for the entire grant year and who met at risk for overweight/ overweight criteria had a decrease in weight-for-height or Body Mass Index (BMI). Another 12% of the children that met at risk for overweight/overweight criteria were successful in maintaining their weight-for-height or BMI percentile. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: Blue and You Foundation for a Healthier Arkansas Grant
TITLE: IMPROVEMENT IN DEPRESSION SCORES IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS GIVEN SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTS AUTHOR(S): J.E. Spallholz, PhD; L.R. Tatum, PhD; L.M. Boylan, PhD, RD; C.J. Weiss, PhD, RN; Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the potential for selenium supplements as a treatment for mild to moderate depression in the elderly. TEXT: Selenium (Se), as part of glutathione peroxidases and selenoprotein P, plays a role as an antioxidant. The presence of oxidative stress in the brain is associated with some cases of depression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate depression scores in mild to moderately depressed elderly subjects before and after consuming supplemental selenium. In a placebo controlled, double blind prospective study, 16 elderly subjects (3 males, 13 females) with a mean age of 63 years and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI) scores indicative of mild to moderate depression were randomly assigned to a placebo group or to receive 200 g Se/day as selenomethionine for 7 weeks. Mean pretreatment plasma Se values as analyzed fluorometrically were 1.3⫾ 0.4 g/L in the Se group and 1.2⫾0.1 g/L in the placebo group. Plasma Se values were within normal range and there was not a significant difference between groups. After treatment, the Se group had a statistically significant (paired t test) increase in plasma Se to 1.9⫾0.2 g/L (p⬍0.05) and decrease in BDI scores of 10.4 points (p⬍0.001) whereas the placebo group had no change in the mean plasma Se (1.2⫾0.1 g/L ) and had a non-significant decrease of 3.0 points in the mean BDI score. The mean BDI score (14.7⫾5.8) in the Se groups was indicative of mild to moderate depression before supplementation and decreased to normal (4.3⫾6.5 g/L) after treatment. More research with a larger number of subjects is needed to confirm the effect of selenium on mood in the elderly. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
A-26 / August 2005 Suppl 2—Abstracts Volume 105 Number 8