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Calyceal diverticulum
INTERNATIONAL
492
HAEMOPERITONEUMOF VISCERAL ORIGIN IN THE NEWBORN. L. Gubern Salisachs and X. Carbone11 Estrany. Ann. Chir. Inf. 9:317-330, 1968. The authors present 6 cases of hemoperitoneum in newborn infants. The causes were 3 ruptures of the spleen and 3 ruptures of the liver. In one of the ruptures of the liver, the infant had a neuroblastoma with liver metastasis.-M. Betrex. GIANT CONGENITALABSCESS OF THE RETROPERITONEUM. J. M. Casasa, J. Boix-Ochoa, and R. Bake&. Ann. Chir. Inf. 9:331-334, 1968.
A giant mass presented in the lower abdomen in an 18-day-old infant. At surgery, the authors found a huge abscess in the retroperitoneum, with compression of the left ureter. The child was cured by drainage alone.-“A. Bettex.
GENITOURINARY
TRACT
A SCREENINGTEST FOR PYURIA. H. Gadeholt. Brit. .I. Urol. 41:51-53 (February), 1969.
A screening test for pyuria, based on the peroxidase reaction, is described. After filtration of 10 ml. urine through a filter paper, one or two drops of Prescott and Brodie’s stain are added to the sediment on the paper. A bluish spot indicates increased numbers of white cells. A red spot indicates a normal white cell content.-J. H. fohnston.
DIVERTICULUM. C. 1. Devine, Jr., 1. A. Guzman, P. C. Devine, and E. F. Poutasse. J. Urol. 101:8-l 1 (January), 1969.
CALYCEAL
This is an analysis of 18 patients presenting with calyceal diverticulum whose ages varied from 3 years to 54 years. There was a high incidence of stones within the diverticulum in those over 27 years of age. Pain, infection, and gross hematuria were common presenting complaints. The embryogenesis of the lesion was discussed. The authors suggest that in those patients with persistent symptoms chemotherapy and/or operation are necessary. Partial nephrectomy is the treatment of choice.-B. M. Henderson. EXPERIENCESWITH ECTOPICURETEROCELES. J. H. Johnston and L. M. Johnson. Brit. J. Urol. 41:
61-70
(February),
1969.
ABSTRACTS
OF
PEDIATRIC
SURGERY
This article is a review of 31 children with ectopic ureterocele, including one bilateral case. The anatomy of the condition is described. In the majority of cases the renal function in the hemikidney draining through the ureterocele was severely depressed and did not concentrate on intravenous urography. Complicated cases in which the urinary tract pathology was not restricted to the pyelon related to the ureterocele were common; there were 21 such cases in the series. The ureterocele may, by its bulk, obstruct the bladder outlet and cause bilateral upper tract dilatation; serious obstruction to voiding was, however, unusual. Obstruction of the twin ureter by a large, tense ureterocele was a common complication. Reflux to the twin ureter occurred in 6 cases; in most instances this was considered to be unrelated to the ureterocele. The contralateral upper tract was duplex in about half the cases. Dilatation with or without reflux was common. In some instances these changes were attributed to vesical outlet obstruction by the ureterocele; in others a coincidental anomaly was diagnosed. Ectopic ureterocele is commoner in the female than in the male; in this series the proportion was 23 girls to 8 boys. Most cases presented in infancy. The symptomatology was often unspecific and caused by urinary infection but in girls the ureterocele may prolapse through the urethra or cause bulging of the anterior vaginal wall. In treatment, open operation and complete uncapping of the ureterocele is advised. Care must be taken to avoid injury to a twin ureter stretched over the ureterocele surface under the bladder mucosa. Such a ureter must be dissected off the ureterocele and reattached to the bladder wall so that reflux into it will be prevented. The uncapping of the ureterocele allows free reflux to the related ureter and hemikidney; in most cases this pyelon is valueless and it should be removed. The heminephro-ureterectomy may be carried out at the same session as the ureterocele uncapping, but in the young infant and in complicated cases it is preferably performed as a second-stage procedure later on. In the unusual case in which the upper hemikidney shows useful function, its ureter should be resected from the bladder virtually to the kidney and end-to-side anastomosis performed between the remaining segment of ureter and the pelvis of the lower hemikidney. Endoscopic incision of an ectopic ureterocele is contraindicated since residual tissue is left at the bladder neck and in the urethra which may later obstruct micturition.-J. H. Johnston.
492
HAEMOPERITONEUMOF VISCERAL ORIGIN IN THE NEWBORN. L. Gubern Salisachs and X. Carbone11 Estrany. Ann. Chir. Inf. 9:317-330, 1968. The authors present 6 cases of hemoperitoneum in newborn infants. The causes were 3 ruptures of the spleen and 3 ruptures of the liver. In one of the ruptures of the liver, the infant had a neuroblastoma with liver metastasis.-M. Betrex. GIANT CONGENITALABSCESS OF THE RETROPERITONEUM. J. M. Casasa, J. Boix-Ochoa, and R. Bake&. Ann. Chir. Inf. 9:331-334, 1968.
A giant mass presented in the lower abdomen in an 18-day-old infant. At surgery, the authors found a huge abscess in the retroperitoneum, with compression of the left ureter. The child was cured by drainage alone.-“A. Bettex.
GENITOURINARY
TRACT
A SCREENINGTEST FOR PYURIA. H. Gadeholt. Brit. .I. Urol. 41:51-53 (February), 1969.
A screening test for pyuria, based on the peroxidase reaction, is described. After filtration of 10 ml. urine through a filter paper, one or two drops of Prescott and Brodie’s stain are added to the sediment on the paper. A bluish spot indicates increased numbers of white cells. A red spot indicates a normal white cell content.-J. H. fohnston.
DIVERTICULUM. C. 1. Devine, Jr., 1. A. Guzman, P. C. Devine, and E. F. Poutasse. J. Urol. 101:8-l 1 (January), 1969.
CALYCEAL
This is an analysis of 18 patients presenting with calyceal diverticulum whose ages varied from 3 years to 54 years. There was a high incidence of stones within the diverticulum in those over 27 years of age. Pain, infection, and gross hematuria were common presenting complaints. The embryogenesis of the lesion was discussed. The authors suggest that in those patients with persistent symptoms chemotherapy and/or operation are necessary. Partial nephrectomy is the treatment of choice.-B. M. Henderson. EXPERIENCESWITH ECTOPICURETEROCELES. J. H. Johnston and L. M. Johnson. Brit. J. Urol. 41:
61-70
(February),
1969.
ABSTRACTS
OF
PEDIATRIC
SURGERY
This article is a review of 31 children with ectopic ureterocele, including one bilateral case. The anatomy of the condition is described. In the majority of cases the renal function in the hemikidney draining through the ureterocele was severely depressed and did not concentrate on intravenous urography. Complicated cases in which the urinary tract pathology was not restricted to the pyelon related to the ureterocele were common; there were 21 such cases in the series. The ureterocele may, by its bulk, obstruct the bladder outlet and cause bilateral upper tract dilatation; serious obstruction to voiding was, however, unusual. Obstruction of the twin ureter by a large, tense ureterocele was a common complication. Reflux to the twin ureter occurred in 6 cases; in most instances this was considered to be unrelated to the ureterocele. The contralateral upper tract was duplex in about half the cases. Dilatation with or without reflux was common. In some instances these changes were attributed to vesical outlet obstruction by the ureterocele; in others a coincidental anomaly was diagnosed. Ectopic ureterocele is commoner in the female than in the male; in this series the proportion was 23 girls to 8 boys. Most cases presented in infancy. The symptomatology was often unspecific and caused by urinary infection but in girls the ureterocele may prolapse through the urethra or cause bulging of the anterior vaginal wall. In treatment, open operation and complete uncapping of the ureterocele is advised. Care must be taken to avoid injury to a twin ureter stretched over the ureterocele surface under the bladder mucosa. Such a ureter must be dissected off the ureterocele and reattached to the bladder wall so that reflux into it will be prevented. The uncapping of the ureterocele allows free reflux to the related ureter and hemikidney; in most cases this pyelon is valueless and it should be removed. The heminephro-ureterectomy may be carried out at the same session as the ureterocele uncapping, but in the young infant and in complicated cases it is preferably performed as a second-stage procedure later on. In the unusual case in which the upper hemikidney shows useful function, its ureter should be resected from the bladder virtually to the kidney and end-to-side anastomosis performed between the remaining segment of ureter and the pelvis of the lower hemikidney. Endoscopic incision of an ectopic ureterocele is contraindicated since residual tissue is left at the bladder neck and in the urethra which may later obstruct micturition.-J. H. Johnston.