- Email: [email protected]
Canada's report card on physical activity for children and youth
e72
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12 (2010) e1–e232
efficacy of supplement use. Scientific investigation of nutritional supplementation is becoming more specific, looking at gene expression and cellular modification. This has made it increasingly difficult for athletes to understand supplementation research and make informed decisions regarding supplement use. To further complicate the issue, supplement companies are promoting poly-supplements (with proprietary blends) that contain a number of ingredients, with the goal of achieving a specific training outcome. For example pre-workout supplements, catabolism blockers, and specific recovery supplements. With scientific research becoming finite and supplementation product development becoming all encompassing, how can athletes be expected to know what is beneficial to them and what is not? The role of sports nutrition and sports science professionals is to provide sufficient structure and education to athletes to allow them to use supplements in a risk free environment, whilst ensuring supplements are used as effectively as possible to enhance performance. Both the Australian Institute of Sport and the English Institute of Sport have developed systems to help athletes negotiate the minefield that is today’s supplement industry. This workshop will look at all the above issues, investigate how these systems address these issues, and discuss whether a new system is needed.
that is required for carbohydrate loading. Even with extra energy and carbohydrate women still have a slightly attenuated ability to carbohydrate load in response to the “modified Sherman protocol”. In contrast, women show similar glycogen re-synthesis rates in response to carbohydrate and protein supplement post-exercise and can oxidize exogenous carbohydrate during exercise at least as well as men. Given the lesser amino acid oxidation during exercise, it is not surprising that protein requirements would be subsequently less negatively impacted by endurance exercise in women verses men. For very well trained male athletes the protein requirement can be as high as 1.7 g/kg/day and in women the highest that we have yet seen is 1.3–1.4 g/kg/day. It is important to note that protein requirements are not increased for recreationally active men or women.
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.147
2 Children’s
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.148 148 Canada’s report card on physical activity for children and youth A. Quinney 1,∗ , M. Tremblay 2 , M. Brownrigg 3 1 University
KEYNOTE 147 Sex differences in exercise, metabolism and nutritional implications M. Tarnopolsky McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario For years, most researchers and clinicians have considered that men and women respond similarly to endurance exercise. It is now quite apparent that women oxidize more lipid and less carbohydrate and amino acids as compared to men during low and moderate intensity endurance exercise. Studies using estrogen supplementation in animals and humans have demonstrated higher fat oxidation with lower carbohydrate and amino acid oxidation. Women appear to be genetically “primed” for higher lipid oxidation with greater transcript abundance for a number of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid transport and beta-oxidation. We have recently found higher protein content for key components of beta-oxidation and lipid metabolism. In general, women are metabolically primed for higher lipid oxidation during exercise with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolic changes responding to the higher lipid oxidation. We and others, have demonstrated that women have an attenuated ability to glycogen load which is partially a function of a relatively lower energy intake and an inability to reach the 8–8.5 g carbohydrate/kg body mass
of Alberta hospital of Eastern Ontario 3 Active Healthy Kids Canada Introduction: Active Healthy Kids Canada (AHKC) is a National Organization focused on making physical activity a priority in the lives of Canadian families. Each year since 2005, AHKC has produced a Report Card that assesses physical activity behaviors and opportunities for children and youth in Canada. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process and outcome of the first five annual Report Cards. Methods: Using academic and professional experts across various disciplines of child and youth physical activity, categories and criteria for grade assignments were established. Data from multiple sources were used to inform the “grades” assigned on the Report card and research experts worked as a consensus panel to assign the grades. Results: An overall grade of “D” has been assigned in each of the annual Report cards from 2005 to 2008 indicating a repeated failing grade. Grades for each of the 16 specific categories were assigned based on empirical evidence and/or expert consensus and can be found at www.activehealthykids.ca. The fifth annual Report Card will be released in June 2009 and will allow for the tracking of change over time. In 2008 a particular issue area was identified to assist in media engagement on the Report card. The emphasis in the 2008 Report Card was on screen time and documented the rapidly increasing hours of inactive time children and youth spend in front of screens. The media and advocacy impact of the Report Card has been extensive with over 90 million media impressions in 2008. Also In 2008, an independent evaluation and assessment of it’s impact was
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12 (2010) e1–e232
conducted on the Report card and this will be included in the presentation. Conclusions: The AHKC Report Card provides comprehensive, evidence-based assessments of the “state of the nation” with respect to physical activity for Canadian children and youth. The preparation and distribution of the Report Card is meant to serve as an accountability index for all Canadians, a surveillance mechanism, an advocacy tool for physical activity leaders and organizations, a policy driver and a process for identifying research and surveillance needs. The report Card is a powerful advocacy instrument which can help to provide “The Power to Move Kids”. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.149 149 Be Active Queensland—Top 5 smart buys
physical activity opportunities; (4) advocate for a statewide, whole-of-government and partner strategic framework for physical activity, which includes definitive roles and responsibilities of various key stakeholders (5) provide funding and structures to support the coordination, sustainability and evaluation of affordable community-based programs and support resources targeting different groups (e.g. older people, people with chronic conditions) and differing abilities and interests that are relevant to social and community needs. It is clear that the locus of control the health sector has to increase population levels of physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviours is limited and to achieve this outcome requires multi-strategy, multi-sector organisations and industry to collaborate. It has been identified by the BAQ working group and key stakeholders that also an across all tiers of government and across community approach is needed. This presentation will highlight examples of how Queensland is working towards addressing the five smart buys.
D. O’Sullivan 1,∗ , T. Tenkate 2 , L. Begley 2 , S. Aspinall 3 , L. Wood 4 , C. Blanchard 5 , K. Menigoz 1
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.150
1 Queensland
150
Health Public Health Forum 3 Heart Foundation 4 Brisbane City Council 5 Local Government Association of Queensland
e73
2 Queensland
The Queensland Public Health Forum’s Active Living Working Group (ALWG) was formed in 2005 to address physical inactivity in Queensland from the health sectors perspective. The Queensland Public Health Forum was concerned by the alarming Queensland research that reflected declining physical activity levels in Queensland. Be Active Queensland 2006–2010 (BAQ) was established by the ALWG through consultation with key stakeholders as the health sector’s response to address the declining population levels of physical activity. BAQ is a four year framework for health sector action for physical activity in Queensland. The working group established an implementation plan and with 2008 being the mid-point of the four year framework, the working group convened a review which included a survey to the physical activity networks throughout Queensland and a follow up workshop in South East Queensland. Through a BAQ review workshop conducted in November 2008 by the working group there were 55 attendees with 91% of survey respondents indicating they found the workshop useful. A significant outcome of the workshop was to re-prioritise the “Smart Buys” that were listed as part of the original BAQ framework and to identify the “Top 5—Smart Buys” that should be prioritised for action and advocated for securing resources to achieve outcomes. These five Smart Buys were: (1) re-design existing communities with a focus on walkability, cycleability and active living; (2) provide innovative ways to share community resources (eg schools, open spaces) to maximise physical activity opportunities; (3) maximise the provision, access and aesthetics of open spaces to maximise
Organising chaos - South Australian physical activity strategy F. Keegan Office for Recreation and Sport, South Australia Background: Physical activity has been the focus of thousands of plans, strategies, systems and frameworks emanating from sectors including education, transport, health, tourism, urban planning, community development, recreation and sport. Politicians, public servants, practitioners and entrepreneurs from each sector influences physical activity, however, each attempts to influence using different approaches, all with very different priorities, terminologies, formats and ideologies underpinning them. Such differences result in confusion, duplication, mis-communication and frustration as each document attempts to “come together” in the unified approach that is fundamental to long-term success. The “be active Strategy” was developed to provide a system that would transcend sectors, language barriers and strategic planning differences, and to provide a system that captures, coordinates and organises efforts across all levels and sectors. Methods: A statewide consultation process involving state and local government, as well as private sector contributors was undertaken to develop a physical activity strategy for the whole state. Advice was sought around content and format, from the perspectives of health, education, urban planning, tourism, regional development, recreation, sport and community development. A series of focus groups was complemented by written submissions. Information was compiled into groupings that acknowledged the need to simultaneously and meaningfully target settings, sectors,
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12 (2010) e1–e232
efficacy of supplement use. Scientific investigation of nutritional supplementation is becoming more specific, looking at gene expression and cellular modification. This has made it increasingly difficult for athletes to understand supplementation research and make informed decisions regarding supplement use. To further complicate the issue, supplement companies are promoting poly-supplements (with proprietary blends) that contain a number of ingredients, with the goal of achieving a specific training outcome. For example pre-workout supplements, catabolism blockers, and specific recovery supplements. With scientific research becoming finite and supplementation product development becoming all encompassing, how can athletes be expected to know what is beneficial to them and what is not? The role of sports nutrition and sports science professionals is to provide sufficient structure and education to athletes to allow them to use supplements in a risk free environment, whilst ensuring supplements are used as effectively as possible to enhance performance. Both the Australian Institute of Sport and the English Institute of Sport have developed systems to help athletes negotiate the minefield that is today’s supplement industry. This workshop will look at all the above issues, investigate how these systems address these issues, and discuss whether a new system is needed.
that is required for carbohydrate loading. Even with extra energy and carbohydrate women still have a slightly attenuated ability to carbohydrate load in response to the “modified Sherman protocol”. In contrast, women show similar glycogen re-synthesis rates in response to carbohydrate and protein supplement post-exercise and can oxidize exogenous carbohydrate during exercise at least as well as men. Given the lesser amino acid oxidation during exercise, it is not surprising that protein requirements would be subsequently less negatively impacted by endurance exercise in women verses men. For very well trained male athletes the protein requirement can be as high as 1.7 g/kg/day and in women the highest that we have yet seen is 1.3–1.4 g/kg/day. It is important to note that protein requirements are not increased for recreationally active men or women.
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.147
2 Children’s
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.148 148 Canada’s report card on physical activity for children and youth A. Quinney 1,∗ , M. Tremblay 2 , M. Brownrigg 3 1 University
KEYNOTE 147 Sex differences in exercise, metabolism and nutritional implications M. Tarnopolsky McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario For years, most researchers and clinicians have considered that men and women respond similarly to endurance exercise. It is now quite apparent that women oxidize more lipid and less carbohydrate and amino acids as compared to men during low and moderate intensity endurance exercise. Studies using estrogen supplementation in animals and humans have demonstrated higher fat oxidation with lower carbohydrate and amino acid oxidation. Women appear to be genetically “primed” for higher lipid oxidation with greater transcript abundance for a number of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid transport and beta-oxidation. We have recently found higher protein content for key components of beta-oxidation and lipid metabolism. In general, women are metabolically primed for higher lipid oxidation during exercise with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolic changes responding to the higher lipid oxidation. We and others, have demonstrated that women have an attenuated ability to glycogen load which is partially a function of a relatively lower energy intake and an inability to reach the 8–8.5 g carbohydrate/kg body mass
of Alberta hospital of Eastern Ontario 3 Active Healthy Kids Canada Introduction: Active Healthy Kids Canada (AHKC) is a National Organization focused on making physical activity a priority in the lives of Canadian families. Each year since 2005, AHKC has produced a Report Card that assesses physical activity behaviors and opportunities for children and youth in Canada. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process and outcome of the first five annual Report Cards. Methods: Using academic and professional experts across various disciplines of child and youth physical activity, categories and criteria for grade assignments were established. Data from multiple sources were used to inform the “grades” assigned on the Report card and research experts worked as a consensus panel to assign the grades. Results: An overall grade of “D” has been assigned in each of the annual Report cards from 2005 to 2008 indicating a repeated failing grade. Grades for each of the 16 specific categories were assigned based on empirical evidence and/or expert consensus and can be found at www.activehealthykids.ca. The fifth annual Report Card will be released in June 2009 and will allow for the tracking of change over time. In 2008 a particular issue area was identified to assist in media engagement on the Report card. The emphasis in the 2008 Report Card was on screen time and documented the rapidly increasing hours of inactive time children and youth spend in front of screens. The media and advocacy impact of the Report Card has been extensive with over 90 million media impressions in 2008. Also In 2008, an independent evaluation and assessment of it’s impact was
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12 (2010) e1–e232
conducted on the Report card and this will be included in the presentation. Conclusions: The AHKC Report Card provides comprehensive, evidence-based assessments of the “state of the nation” with respect to physical activity for Canadian children and youth. The preparation and distribution of the Report Card is meant to serve as an accountability index for all Canadians, a surveillance mechanism, an advocacy tool for physical activity leaders and organizations, a policy driver and a process for identifying research and surveillance needs. The report Card is a powerful advocacy instrument which can help to provide “The Power to Move Kids”. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.149 149 Be Active Queensland—Top 5 smart buys
physical activity opportunities; (4) advocate for a statewide, whole-of-government and partner strategic framework for physical activity, which includes definitive roles and responsibilities of various key stakeholders (5) provide funding and structures to support the coordination, sustainability and evaluation of affordable community-based programs and support resources targeting different groups (e.g. older people, people with chronic conditions) and differing abilities and interests that are relevant to social and community needs. It is clear that the locus of control the health sector has to increase population levels of physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviours is limited and to achieve this outcome requires multi-strategy, multi-sector organisations and industry to collaborate. It has been identified by the BAQ working group and key stakeholders that also an across all tiers of government and across community approach is needed. This presentation will highlight examples of how Queensland is working towards addressing the five smart buys.
D. O’Sullivan 1,∗ , T. Tenkate 2 , L. Begley 2 , S. Aspinall 3 , L. Wood 4 , C. Blanchard 5 , K. Menigoz 1
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.150
1 Queensland
150
Health Public Health Forum 3 Heart Foundation 4 Brisbane City Council 5 Local Government Association of Queensland
e73
2 Queensland
The Queensland Public Health Forum’s Active Living Working Group (ALWG) was formed in 2005 to address physical inactivity in Queensland from the health sectors perspective. The Queensland Public Health Forum was concerned by the alarming Queensland research that reflected declining physical activity levels in Queensland. Be Active Queensland 2006–2010 (BAQ) was established by the ALWG through consultation with key stakeholders as the health sector’s response to address the declining population levels of physical activity. BAQ is a four year framework for health sector action for physical activity in Queensland. The working group established an implementation plan and with 2008 being the mid-point of the four year framework, the working group convened a review which included a survey to the physical activity networks throughout Queensland and a follow up workshop in South East Queensland. Through a BAQ review workshop conducted in November 2008 by the working group there were 55 attendees with 91% of survey respondents indicating they found the workshop useful. A significant outcome of the workshop was to re-prioritise the “Smart Buys” that were listed as part of the original BAQ framework and to identify the “Top 5—Smart Buys” that should be prioritised for action and advocated for securing resources to achieve outcomes. These five Smart Buys were: (1) re-design existing communities with a focus on walkability, cycleability and active living; (2) provide innovative ways to share community resources (eg schools, open spaces) to maximise physical activity opportunities; (3) maximise the provision, access and aesthetics of open spaces to maximise
Organising chaos - South Australian physical activity strategy F. Keegan Office for Recreation and Sport, South Australia Background: Physical activity has been the focus of thousands of plans, strategies, systems and frameworks emanating from sectors including education, transport, health, tourism, urban planning, community development, recreation and sport. Politicians, public servants, practitioners and entrepreneurs from each sector influences physical activity, however, each attempts to influence using different approaches, all with very different priorities, terminologies, formats and ideologies underpinning them. Such differences result in confusion, duplication, mis-communication and frustration as each document attempts to “come together” in the unified approach that is fundamental to long-term success. The “be active Strategy” was developed to provide a system that would transcend sectors, language barriers and strategic planning differences, and to provide a system that captures, coordinates and organises efforts across all levels and sectors. Methods: A statewide consultation process involving state and local government, as well as private sector contributors was undertaken to develop a physical activity strategy for the whole state. Advice was sought around content and format, from the perspectives of health, education, urban planning, tourism, regional development, recreation, sport and community development. A series of focus groups was complemented by written submissions. Information was compiled into groupings that acknowledged the need to simultaneously and meaningfully target settings, sectors,