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Cardiovascular and muscular effects of venom from coral snake, Micrurus fulvius
Abstracts for Card Indexes
313
Cardiovascular and muscular effects of venom from coral snake, Micrurus fulvius: ROBERT WETS and ROBERT J. McIs~+AC, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 219. (Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, U.S.A .). Abstract-The effect of lyophilized Mlcrurus julvlus venom on cardiovascular and neuromuscular function was studied in anesthetized cats and in rat muscle preparations in vitro. Respiratory paralysis occurred prior to cardiac failure in cats . Paralysis of the twitch response to nerve stimulation paralleled respiratory depression . Death occurred later through cardiac depression despite artificial ventilation. The twitch response of rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm to direct and indirect stimulation was depressed by venom over a time course of 4 hr. Depression of twitch response to direct stimulation of the muscle was also observed in soleus and tce muscle, and was not affected by curarization. The resting membrane potential of the rat soleus muscle fell to 13 mV 2 hr after envenomation . Microscopic examination of muscle fibers revealed swelling and hyaline degeneration . No myoglobin release was demonstrated in envenomated rats .
Studies of antigenic fractions in honey-bee (Apis mellifera) venom : D. Muxinl. and W. B. ELLIOTT, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 229. (Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y. 14214, U.S.A.). A6alrnct-Antigenic fractions in honey-bee venom (Grade 1) isolated by gel permeation chromatography were characterized by `disc' gel electrophoresis, immuncelectrophoresis and/or Ouchterlony double diffusion technique. There are at least eight protein fractions present in the honey-bee venom, five migrating towards cathode and three towards anode . Phospholipase A, melittin and apamin are the three major fractions while the other five are minor fractions. Antibodies to bee venom phospholipase A have been demonstrated . The sensitivity of various protein staining agents has been studied. The presence of a surfactant fraction in honey-bee venom, inseparable from melittin, has been confirmed.
Profound thrombocytopenia associated with Crotalus rober rober envenomation : a clinical case : WILC.IAM J . LYONS, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 237. (Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.). Abstract-A case of thrombocytopenia associated with a bite by the rattlesnake Crotalus ruber ruber is presented . Platelets decreased to a value of 4000/mm' over a 4-day period following envenomation . A gradual recovery and rebound over normal levels occuaed during the ensuing 2 weeks. The most probable explanation is that of peripheral destruction or consumption of platelets, as the bone marrow revealed adequate megakaryocytes during the time of thrombocytopenia . It is suggested that platelets be monitored more closely after snake envenomation .
Toxic action of mimosine-I . Inhibition of mitosis and DNA synthesis of H.Ep-2 cell by mimosine and 3,4-dihydroxypyridine : WEI-CxoxG TSAI and Kuo-Hunxc L1xG, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 241. (Institute ofBiochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China) . Abstract-The effect of mimosine, (ß-N(3-hydroxyl-pyridone}a-amino propionic acid), and 3,4~ihydroxypyridine on cell growth, mitotic frequency, DNA, RNA and protein synthesis of H.Ep-2 cell cultures has been studied . Thymidine-H', uridino-H' and 2-phenylalanine-C" incorporation were measured in a liquid scintillation counter and thymidine-H' uptake by an autoradiographic technique. Cell growth, mitotic frequency and thymidine-H' incorporation were all decreased by the presence of mimosine or 3,4-dihydroxypyridine. The toxic efforts of these compounds were decreased by the presence of Ale. RNA synthesis was less inhibited than DNA synthesis and practically no inhibition of protein synthesis was observed in the presence of mimosine or 3,4-dihydroxypyrldiae. T~XICON 1971 Yol. 9.
313
Cardiovascular and muscular effects of venom from coral snake, Micrurus fulvius: ROBERT WETS and ROBERT J. McIs~+AC, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 219. (Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, U.S.A .). Abstract-The effect of lyophilized Mlcrurus julvlus venom on cardiovascular and neuromuscular function was studied in anesthetized cats and in rat muscle preparations in vitro. Respiratory paralysis occurred prior to cardiac failure in cats . Paralysis of the twitch response to nerve stimulation paralleled respiratory depression . Death occurred later through cardiac depression despite artificial ventilation. The twitch response of rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm to direct and indirect stimulation was depressed by venom over a time course of 4 hr. Depression of twitch response to direct stimulation of the muscle was also observed in soleus and tce muscle, and was not affected by curarization. The resting membrane potential of the rat soleus muscle fell to 13 mV 2 hr after envenomation . Microscopic examination of muscle fibers revealed swelling and hyaline degeneration . No myoglobin release was demonstrated in envenomated rats .
Studies of antigenic fractions in honey-bee (Apis mellifera) venom : D. Muxinl. and W. B. ELLIOTT, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 229. (Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y. 14214, U.S.A.). A6alrnct-Antigenic fractions in honey-bee venom (Grade 1) isolated by gel permeation chromatography were characterized by `disc' gel electrophoresis, immuncelectrophoresis and/or Ouchterlony double diffusion technique. There are at least eight protein fractions present in the honey-bee venom, five migrating towards cathode and three towards anode . Phospholipase A, melittin and apamin are the three major fractions while the other five are minor fractions. Antibodies to bee venom phospholipase A have been demonstrated . The sensitivity of various protein staining agents has been studied. The presence of a surfactant fraction in honey-bee venom, inseparable from melittin, has been confirmed.
Profound thrombocytopenia associated with Crotalus rober rober envenomation : a clinical case : WILC.IAM J . LYONS, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 237. (Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.). Abstract-A case of thrombocytopenia associated with a bite by the rattlesnake Crotalus ruber ruber is presented . Platelets decreased to a value of 4000/mm' over a 4-day period following envenomation . A gradual recovery and rebound over normal levels occuaed during the ensuing 2 weeks. The most probable explanation is that of peripheral destruction or consumption of platelets, as the bone marrow revealed adequate megakaryocytes during the time of thrombocytopenia . It is suggested that platelets be monitored more closely after snake envenomation .
Toxic action of mimosine-I . Inhibition of mitosis and DNA synthesis of H.Ep-2 cell by mimosine and 3,4-dihydroxypyridine : WEI-CxoxG TSAI and Kuo-Hunxc L1xG, Toxicon, 1971, 9, 241. (Institute ofBiochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China) . Abstract-The effect of mimosine, (ß-N(3-hydroxyl-pyridone}a-amino propionic acid), and 3,4~ihydroxypyridine on cell growth, mitotic frequency, DNA, RNA and protein synthesis of H.Ep-2 cell cultures has been studied . Thymidine-H', uridino-H' and 2-phenylalanine-C" incorporation were measured in a liquid scintillation counter and thymidine-H' uptake by an autoradiographic technique. Cell growth, mitotic frequency and thymidine-H' incorporation were all decreased by the presence of mimosine or 3,4-dihydroxypyridine. The toxic efforts of these compounds were decreased by the presence of Ale. RNA synthesis was less inhibited than DNA synthesis and practically no inhibition of protein synthesis was observed in the presence of mimosine or 3,4-dihydroxypyrldiae. T~XICON 1971 Yol. 9.