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Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Second Edition
BOOK REVIEWS
Atlas of Fetal and Postnatal Brain MRI Paul D. Griffiths, Janet Morris, Jeanne Claudie-Larroche, and Michael Reeves Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Elsevier, 2009, hardbound, $159, 266 pp.
The growing necessity of prenatal parental counseling has brought the need for fetal imaging and understanding of the complex nature and chronology of fetal brain development. Atlas of Fetal and Postnatal Brain MRI is one of the few available textbooks illustrating the sequential magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance of the normal fetal brain throughout the fetal development and neonatal period. It is intended to assist clinical radiologists in the interpretation of fetal MR images. The book is an atlas organized in three sections. The first section deals with the surface anatomy of the brain from superior, lateral, inferior, and medial angles from 19 weeks of gestation to term. The images are taken from the Development of the Human Fetal Brain: An Anatomical Atlas authored by Larroche, and are intended to help understand the normal development of sulci. This section starts with a brief description of normal sulcation, with emphasis on the expected age of appearance of each sulcus. Many portions of the text as well as a summary table of milestones for formation of sulci reference the Garel textbook, MRI of the Fetal Brain. The second section of the book is an atlas of cross-sectional anatomy of the fetal brain and includes axial, coronal, and sagittal brain images for each gestational age. Each page includes a corresponding in utero fetal MR image, postmortem fetal MR image, a line diagram, and histologic specimen. The third and last section of the book is a cross-sectional atlas of the postnatal fetal The author has not identified a conflict of interest. © SIR, 2011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.11.024
brain and includes T1- and T2-weighted images and correlative line diagrams of the fetal brain in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes from birth to age 18 months. The introductory text at the beginning of each section is written concisely and clearly. The chronological organization is easy to follow. High-quality MR images, atlas images, and diagrams help the reader to better understand the concepts and anatomic relationships. The annotations displayed on the accompanying diagrams include descriptions of structures beyond the resolution of MR images, which provides the reader with a more in-depth understanding of the underlying anatomy that is depicted in the actual MR image. The information provided in the text is complete and meets the stated objectives of the book. The table of contents is comprehensive and allows easy reference to specific images or anatomic structures. The printing is high quality using heavy-gauge semigloss paper. A minor drawback of this atlas in comparison to the book by Catherine Garel, MRI of the Fetal Brain, is the lack of text accompanying the MR images, stating the expected findings at each developmental stage, which would constitute an easy reference during the interpretation of clinical studies. In addition, the postnatal section of the book could be expanded in a future edition by including specific gyral anatomic descriptions, which would be very useful for the exact localization of a variety of anomalies. This textbook is a comprehensive atlas of fetal and neonatal brain MR imaging anatomy. It is a great value for its price and of special interest for the radiologist interpreting fetal MR imaging. —reviewed by Manal Nicolasjilwan, MD
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Second Edition Warren J. Manning and Dudley J. Pennell, editors Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier, 2010, hardcover, $149.00, 643 pp.
If you are an individual interested in cardiovascular and interventional radiology as well as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, Warren Manning and Dudley Pennell’s The author has not identified a conflict of interest. © SIR, 2011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.12.006
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance will likely fulfill your expectations and potentially exceed them. Written by 92 experts in their fields, this rich cornucopia of information covers not just MR imaging of the heart, but the entire central and peripheral vasculature, with the exception of the intracranial vessels. The first section includes lucid explanations of basic MR imaging physics, with emphasis on steady-state free preces-
738 䡲 Book Reviews
JVIR
sion, gradient refocused echo, and phase-contrast imaging techniques for blood flow imaging and quantification, and it also provides a discussion of contrast agents, navigator echoes, and myocardial tagging. When the content of the book ventures into more abstract realms such as spiral k-space segmentation, parallel imaging, and perfusion theory, there are always several useful concepts to be gleaned and applied. The second, and largest, section covers ischemic heart disease. The assessment of ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion under dobutamine and vasodilator stress is thoroughly covered, as is imaging of myocardial infarction and ventricular remodeling. Assessment of myocardial viability and microvascular obstruction with late gadolinium enhancement is also given particular emphasis. One highlight of this section was the discussion of MR imaging of endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis, thrombus, and plaques at risk with the use of molecular targeting of vascular cell adhesion molecule, ␣33 integrin, fibrin, and ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide, respectively. The third section of the book addresses the right heart and congenital heart disease (with discussion of embryology and surgical repair). The fourth section covers MR imaging of the pulmonary artery and vein, thoracic aortic disease, and the pericardium. In the fifth section of this well-written book, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac MR spectroscopy are discussed. The authors highlight the true strengths of cardiac MR imaging in this section, providing material on the quantification of velocities across stenotic valves,
regurgitant fractions, and volumes. The final chapters are of special interest to the interventional radiologist, discussing recent work in interventional MR imaging, such as MRguided stent-graft repair of aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and even transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts. The strengths of this book are its breadth and thoroughness of coverage, not only providing a solid foundation for the theoretical and practical basis of cardiovascular MR imaging, but also offering lucid explanations of pathophysiology. It is also forward-looking, presenting research and ideas as yet in development, which are sure to stimulate the curiosity of the reader. My main criticisms of this work are that there are a few instances in which the same material is covered repeatedly with varying levels of clarity, and chapters that consist almost entirely of recitation of data, even including P values from clinical or preclinical studies. While understandably directed at a wide clinical audience, this plethora of statistical data was not as useful as the clinical depth provided. Also, if the authors truly expect cardiovascular MR imaging—an “all-in-one” modality with so much potential benefit and little cost to the patient—to truly become ubiquitous, the issue of society affording such an expensive technology must be seriously addressed. In summary, this text provides a comprehensive theoretical and practical treatment of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, and at $149 is an excellent value. —reviewed by Brandon A. Howard, MD, PhD
ERRATUM Erratum: Vertebroplasty for Symptomatic Monostotic Paget Disease In the March 2011 issue, in the article entitled “Vertebroplasty for Symptomatic Monostotic Paget Disease” (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011; 22:400 – 403) one of the authors’ names, Costantino De Simone, was incorrectly listed. The correct name is Celestino De Simone.
Atlas of Fetal and Postnatal Brain MRI Paul D. Griffiths, Janet Morris, Jeanne Claudie-Larroche, and Michael Reeves Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Elsevier, 2009, hardbound, $159, 266 pp.
The growing necessity of prenatal parental counseling has brought the need for fetal imaging and understanding of the complex nature and chronology of fetal brain development. Atlas of Fetal and Postnatal Brain MRI is one of the few available textbooks illustrating the sequential magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance of the normal fetal brain throughout the fetal development and neonatal period. It is intended to assist clinical radiologists in the interpretation of fetal MR images. The book is an atlas organized in three sections. The first section deals with the surface anatomy of the brain from superior, lateral, inferior, and medial angles from 19 weeks of gestation to term. The images are taken from the Development of the Human Fetal Brain: An Anatomical Atlas authored by Larroche, and are intended to help understand the normal development of sulci. This section starts with a brief description of normal sulcation, with emphasis on the expected age of appearance of each sulcus. Many portions of the text as well as a summary table of milestones for formation of sulci reference the Garel textbook, MRI of the Fetal Brain. The second section of the book is an atlas of cross-sectional anatomy of the fetal brain and includes axial, coronal, and sagittal brain images for each gestational age. Each page includes a corresponding in utero fetal MR image, postmortem fetal MR image, a line diagram, and histologic specimen. The third and last section of the book is a cross-sectional atlas of the postnatal fetal The author has not identified a conflict of interest. © SIR, 2011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.11.024
brain and includes T1- and T2-weighted images and correlative line diagrams of the fetal brain in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes from birth to age 18 months. The introductory text at the beginning of each section is written concisely and clearly. The chronological organization is easy to follow. High-quality MR images, atlas images, and diagrams help the reader to better understand the concepts and anatomic relationships. The annotations displayed on the accompanying diagrams include descriptions of structures beyond the resolution of MR images, which provides the reader with a more in-depth understanding of the underlying anatomy that is depicted in the actual MR image. The information provided in the text is complete and meets the stated objectives of the book. The table of contents is comprehensive and allows easy reference to specific images or anatomic structures. The printing is high quality using heavy-gauge semigloss paper. A minor drawback of this atlas in comparison to the book by Catherine Garel, MRI of the Fetal Brain, is the lack of text accompanying the MR images, stating the expected findings at each developmental stage, which would constitute an easy reference during the interpretation of clinical studies. In addition, the postnatal section of the book could be expanded in a future edition by including specific gyral anatomic descriptions, which would be very useful for the exact localization of a variety of anomalies. This textbook is a comprehensive atlas of fetal and neonatal brain MR imaging anatomy. It is a great value for its price and of special interest for the radiologist interpreting fetal MR imaging. —reviewed by Manal Nicolasjilwan, MD
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Second Edition Warren J. Manning and Dudley J. Pennell, editors Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier, 2010, hardcover, $149.00, 643 pp.
If you are an individual interested in cardiovascular and interventional radiology as well as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, Warren Manning and Dudley Pennell’s The author has not identified a conflict of interest. © SIR, 2011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.12.006
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance will likely fulfill your expectations and potentially exceed them. Written by 92 experts in their fields, this rich cornucopia of information covers not just MR imaging of the heart, but the entire central and peripheral vasculature, with the exception of the intracranial vessels. The first section includes lucid explanations of basic MR imaging physics, with emphasis on steady-state free preces-
738 䡲 Book Reviews
JVIR
sion, gradient refocused echo, and phase-contrast imaging techniques for blood flow imaging and quantification, and it also provides a discussion of contrast agents, navigator echoes, and myocardial tagging. When the content of the book ventures into more abstract realms such as spiral k-space segmentation, parallel imaging, and perfusion theory, there are always several useful concepts to be gleaned and applied. The second, and largest, section covers ischemic heart disease. The assessment of ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion under dobutamine and vasodilator stress is thoroughly covered, as is imaging of myocardial infarction and ventricular remodeling. Assessment of myocardial viability and microvascular obstruction with late gadolinium enhancement is also given particular emphasis. One highlight of this section was the discussion of MR imaging of endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis, thrombus, and plaques at risk with the use of molecular targeting of vascular cell adhesion molecule, ␣33 integrin, fibrin, and ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide, respectively. The third section of the book addresses the right heart and congenital heart disease (with discussion of embryology and surgical repair). The fourth section covers MR imaging of the pulmonary artery and vein, thoracic aortic disease, and the pericardium. In the fifth section of this well-written book, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac MR spectroscopy are discussed. The authors highlight the true strengths of cardiac MR imaging in this section, providing material on the quantification of velocities across stenotic valves,
regurgitant fractions, and volumes. The final chapters are of special interest to the interventional radiologist, discussing recent work in interventional MR imaging, such as MRguided stent-graft repair of aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and even transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts. The strengths of this book are its breadth and thoroughness of coverage, not only providing a solid foundation for the theoretical and practical basis of cardiovascular MR imaging, but also offering lucid explanations of pathophysiology. It is also forward-looking, presenting research and ideas as yet in development, which are sure to stimulate the curiosity of the reader. My main criticisms of this work are that there are a few instances in which the same material is covered repeatedly with varying levels of clarity, and chapters that consist almost entirely of recitation of data, even including P values from clinical or preclinical studies. While understandably directed at a wide clinical audience, this plethora of statistical data was not as useful as the clinical depth provided. Also, if the authors truly expect cardiovascular MR imaging—an “all-in-one” modality with so much potential benefit and little cost to the patient—to truly become ubiquitous, the issue of society affording such an expensive technology must be seriously addressed. In summary, this text provides a comprehensive theoretical and practical treatment of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, and at $149 is an excellent value. —reviewed by Brandon A. Howard, MD, PhD
ERRATUM Erratum: Vertebroplasty for Symptomatic Monostotic Paget Disease In the March 2011 issue, in the article entitled “Vertebroplasty for Symptomatic Monostotic Paget Disease” (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011; 22:400 – 403) one of the authors’ names, Costantino De Simone, was incorrectly listed. The correct name is Celestino De Simone.