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CASE OF ULCER OF THE LOWER PORTION OF THE ILEUM, COMMUNICATING WITH THE BLADDER.
744 count of the
severity of the climate, it was very large. During of the bowels, which, from having been generally relaxed, bethe winter there children were seldom allowed to go out of came unusually torpid. In April, 1863, he began to pass fsces doors, and this long confinement no doubt tended to increase by the urethra, at first slight in quantity, but soon the whole the mortality. He thought the influence of tobacco-smoking in intestinal contents were discharged through this channel. parents ought to be taken into account, but he believed its Under the pain and irritation thereby produced, the health pernicious influence was chiefly manifested in preventing pro- soon gave way, and he died six months after the first appearcreation. He concurred with Dr. Pidduck that the use of ance of fasces in the urine. A post-mortem examination showed that the tumour had spirits by parents was very pernicious; but spirits were even given to children, especially in Scotland. Again, it was often quite disappeared. On opening the abdomen the ileum was remarked in that country that the firstborn was deficient in found dilated into a large pouch, for an extent of fiveor six inches, mind and body when the bridegroom got drunk on his wedding- when within a short distance of its junction with the colon. The coats of the intestine were attached firmly to the inner night, such effects being asserted by some observers. Dr. GREENHOW could not help thinking that the author had wall of the abdomen and also to the bladder, and an ulcer, the gone rather wide of the mark. All would allow that unhealthy size of a sixpence, was found opening directly into the bladder, parents would have unhealthy offspring, and all would admit at the fundus of this organ. No other spot of ulceration was the bad influence of unhealthy habits on the offspring. Yet observed in any other portion of the intestine. there were other causes of far greater moment in manufacturing Mr. MoottE had seen one case somewhat like that related by towns. He (Dr. Greenhow) thought that Dr. Webster had hit the author, but the excreta took the opposite course. The on the chief thing when he spoke of infant feeding. Then as bladder was hypertrophied, and very little fasces passed by the to occupation. No doubt it had an influence, but not in the urethra, but were returned into the bowel. In this case, too, way the author imagined. The author had instanced mining life was more prolonged, and the patient ultimately died of red as an occupation likely to increase mortality in children. Now, softening of the hemispheres of the brain. There was greater having been one of a royal commission to inquire into the suffering than occurred in any form of disease he had seen exhealth of miners, he (Dr. Greenhow) could say with confidence cept cancer. Dr. JOHN CLARKE said that the reading of the paper rethat the wives and children of miners were remarkably healthy. He believed the real and great cause of excessive infant mor- minded him of two cases, in one of which there were adhesions tality in manufacturing towns was the employment of women of the descending colon and bladder, but no opening into the in factories. They kept at work nearly up to the time of their bladder. Death took place from peritonitis, and at the autopsy confinement, and went to it again soon after. Thus, their the walls betwixt the colon and bladder were found to be as children were improperly fed, and besides were drugged. One thin as tissue paper. Mr. CURLING said the case related by Dr. Clarke differed druggist in a manufacturing town stated that he sold four hundred ga110ns of laudanum yearly, and that most of it was from that described by Mr. Morgan, as in such a case had peractually occurred relief might have been afforded by given to children. The sale of Godfrey’s cordial also was im- forationsthe colon in the loin. There were the same results in those agricultural dis- opening mense. tricts where women were employed in out-door work. Dr. THOMAS BALLARD was much interested in the question of infantile mortality, and thought the author had not rightly PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. estimated its causes. He (Dr. Ballard) considered he was in TUESDAY, DEC. 6TH, 1864. error in saying that one-half the children under five years old it was one in He four. MR. PRESCOTT HEWETT, PRESIDENT. only die; thought, too, that the author attributed too much to causes operating before birth. He (Dr. Ballard) believed the chief source of danger to life in infancy DR. SEDGWICK exhibited to the Society a child who had been was the traditional error in the nursery that the child’s bowels should be kept in a state of looseness. Everything in the way affected by what was believed to be of treatmentseemed to resolve itself into mercurial purgatives, TRUE KELOID. under such names as teething and cooling powders. He held case was thus described in the twelfth volume of the The that if a child was brought up without any abdominal disorder Transactions, when a drawing of the diseased skin was shown it was likely to thrive. Dr. MERRIMAN said that no one had spoken on the way in to the Society. The disease has now almost entirely diswhich food ought to be given. It was generally given too appeared. The disappearance was coincident with improvethe health and more free outdoor habits. The raised thick, and if a child had food too thick purges must be ad- ’, ment of bad vanished entirely, and only faint traces of the disministered. If, on the contrary, the child were allowed to ’, .patches ’ ease remained. There had been another patch on the tongue, suck, purgatives would not be required. Dr. GRAILY HEwrfT added his testimony to that of other of which the only trace now existing was a slight groove on observers as to the relative importance of what occurred after that organ. Dr. HILLIER considered the case analogous to some described birth. He attached the greatest importance to breast-milk Dr. Mackinnall, of Glasgow, under the name of " sclerema," by the first few The but less afterwards. weeks, import- a name during adopted from similar cases described by a French aua ance of breast-milk was well illustrated by case he had reM. Gillette. These cases differ from those described as cently seen. A woman brought to him her fourteenth child- thor, keloid by Dr. Addison. All these cases resulted in recovery, puny, jaundiced. All the others had died in infancy. She had never been able to suckle one of them. He thought also and in these also the tongue was affected. Mr. B. SQUIRE believed the case was one bearing some rethat the author took too hopeless a view of the curability of semblance to lupus. tuberculosis. He (Dr. Hewitt) had seen cases get well. Dr. SEDGWiCK stated that he doubted whether in his case Dr. PIDDUCK said that his attention was directed to the subthe disease exactly resembled the description of Addison; but ject of his paper forty-eight years ago. He was then told that it did resemble closely one described by Dr. Alderson, and the children of mothers who had had leucorrhae3. and other which was allowed by Sir B. Brodie to be keloid. to he still were and subject vaginal discharges hydrocephalus, believed this had a great influenee. He agreed that considerMr. SQUIRE showed a patient suffering from able attention should be paid to the circumstances of the children LUPUS, after birth, but he thought we ought to begin with the parents. in whom the disease had lasted fifteen years, and had in many If children were born with a low vital capacity they would be The disease now is chiefly places disappeared spontaneously. more liable to suffer from unfavourable circumstances after on his cured and has been nitric acid.
I,
hands,
birth.
CASE OF ULCER OF THE LOWER PORTION OF THE COMMUNICATING WITH THE BLADDER. BY JOHN
MORGAN, ESQ.,
ILEUM,
gentleman, aged sixty, having
THREE CASES OF ENCEPHALOCELE OF THE ANTERIOR PART OF THE HEAD.
F.R.C S.
been much in tropical climates, but without having had severe dysentery, in March, 1862, first complained of a fulness in the left groin, which, though undefined for some weeks, increased in the following six months to a considerable size. It was attached posteriorly, painful on handling, and seemed to interfere with the functions A
nearly by fuming Mr. CHRISTOPHER HEATH brought before the Society
I. The first specimen was from a case which occurred in tha of Mr. Riley, of Charlwood-street, and consisted of the head of a child born at full term, which presented a large tumour of the forehead, measuring twelve inches in circumference transversely, and ten inches in circumference from before backwards. This tumour was the presenting part in the labour ; and as it prevented the delivery of the head, it was
practice
severity of the climate, it was very large. During of the bowels, which, from having been generally relaxed, bethe winter there children were seldom allowed to go out of came unusually torpid. In April, 1863, he began to pass fsces doors, and this long confinement no doubt tended to increase by the urethra, at first slight in quantity, but soon the whole the mortality. He thought the influence of tobacco-smoking in intestinal contents were discharged through this channel. parents ought to be taken into account, but he believed its Under the pain and irritation thereby produced, the health pernicious influence was chiefly manifested in preventing pro- soon gave way, and he died six months after the first appearcreation. He concurred with Dr. Pidduck that the use of ance of fasces in the urine. A post-mortem examination showed that the tumour had spirits by parents was very pernicious; but spirits were even given to children, especially in Scotland. Again, it was often quite disappeared. On opening the abdomen the ileum was remarked in that country that the firstborn was deficient in found dilated into a large pouch, for an extent of fiveor six inches, mind and body when the bridegroom got drunk on his wedding- when within a short distance of its junction with the colon. The coats of the intestine were attached firmly to the inner night, such effects being asserted by some observers. Dr. GREENHOW could not help thinking that the author had wall of the abdomen and also to the bladder, and an ulcer, the gone rather wide of the mark. All would allow that unhealthy size of a sixpence, was found opening directly into the bladder, parents would have unhealthy offspring, and all would admit at the fundus of this organ. No other spot of ulceration was the bad influence of unhealthy habits on the offspring. Yet observed in any other portion of the intestine. there were other causes of far greater moment in manufacturing Mr. MoottE had seen one case somewhat like that related by towns. He (Dr. Greenhow) thought that Dr. Webster had hit the author, but the excreta took the opposite course. The on the chief thing when he spoke of infant feeding. Then as bladder was hypertrophied, and very little fasces passed by the to occupation. No doubt it had an influence, but not in the urethra, but were returned into the bowel. In this case, too, way the author imagined. The author had instanced mining life was more prolonged, and the patient ultimately died of red as an occupation likely to increase mortality in children. Now, softening of the hemispheres of the brain. There was greater having been one of a royal commission to inquire into the suffering than occurred in any form of disease he had seen exhealth of miners, he (Dr. Greenhow) could say with confidence cept cancer. Dr. JOHN CLARKE said that the reading of the paper rethat the wives and children of miners were remarkably healthy. He believed the real and great cause of excessive infant mor- minded him of two cases, in one of which there were adhesions tality in manufacturing towns was the employment of women of the descending colon and bladder, but no opening into the in factories. They kept at work nearly up to the time of their bladder. Death took place from peritonitis, and at the autopsy confinement, and went to it again soon after. Thus, their the walls betwixt the colon and bladder were found to be as children were improperly fed, and besides were drugged. One thin as tissue paper. Mr. CURLING said the case related by Dr. Clarke differed druggist in a manufacturing town stated that he sold four hundred ga110ns of laudanum yearly, and that most of it was from that described by Mr. Morgan, as in such a case had peractually occurred relief might have been afforded by given to children. The sale of Godfrey’s cordial also was im- forationsthe colon in the loin. There were the same results in those agricultural dis- opening mense. tricts where women were employed in out-door work. Dr. THOMAS BALLARD was much interested in the question of infantile mortality, and thought the author had not rightly PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. estimated its causes. He (Dr. Ballard) considered he was in TUESDAY, DEC. 6TH, 1864. error in saying that one-half the children under five years old it was one in He four. MR. PRESCOTT HEWETT, PRESIDENT. only die; thought, too, that the author attributed too much to causes operating before birth. He (Dr. Ballard) believed the chief source of danger to life in infancy DR. SEDGWICK exhibited to the Society a child who had been was the traditional error in the nursery that the child’s bowels should be kept in a state of looseness. Everything in the way affected by what was believed to be of treatmentseemed to resolve itself into mercurial purgatives, TRUE KELOID. under such names as teething and cooling powders. He held case was thus described in the twelfth volume of the The that if a child was brought up without any abdominal disorder Transactions, when a drawing of the diseased skin was shown it was likely to thrive. Dr. MERRIMAN said that no one had spoken on the way in to the Society. The disease has now almost entirely diswhich food ought to be given. It was generally given too appeared. The disappearance was coincident with improvethe health and more free outdoor habits. The raised thick, and if a child had food too thick purges must be ad- ’, ment of bad vanished entirely, and only faint traces of the disministered. If, on the contrary, the child were allowed to ’, .patches ’ ease remained. There had been another patch on the tongue, suck, purgatives would not be required. Dr. GRAILY HEwrfT added his testimony to that of other of which the only trace now existing was a slight groove on observers as to the relative importance of what occurred after that organ. Dr. HILLIER considered the case analogous to some described birth. He attached the greatest importance to breast-milk Dr. Mackinnall, of Glasgow, under the name of " sclerema," by the first few The but less afterwards. weeks, import- a name during adopted from similar cases described by a French aua ance of breast-milk was well illustrated by case he had reM. Gillette. These cases differ from those described as cently seen. A woman brought to him her fourteenth child- thor, keloid by Dr. Addison. All these cases resulted in recovery, puny, jaundiced. All the others had died in infancy. She had never been able to suckle one of them. He thought also and in these also the tongue was affected. Mr. B. SQUIRE believed the case was one bearing some rethat the author took too hopeless a view of the curability of semblance to lupus. tuberculosis. He (Dr. Hewitt) had seen cases get well. Dr. SEDGWiCK stated that he doubted whether in his case Dr. PIDDUCK said that his attention was directed to the subthe disease exactly resembled the description of Addison; but ject of his paper forty-eight years ago. He was then told that it did resemble closely one described by Dr. Alderson, and the children of mothers who had had leucorrhae3. and other which was allowed by Sir B. Brodie to be keloid. to he still were and subject vaginal discharges hydrocephalus, believed this had a great influenee. He agreed that considerMr. SQUIRE showed a patient suffering from able attention should be paid to the circumstances of the children LUPUS, after birth, but he thought we ought to begin with the parents. in whom the disease had lasted fifteen years, and had in many If children were born with a low vital capacity they would be The disease now is chiefly places disappeared spontaneously. more liable to suffer from unfavourable circumstances after on his cured and has been nitric acid.
I,
hands,
birth.
CASE OF ULCER OF THE LOWER PORTION OF THE COMMUNICATING WITH THE BLADDER. BY JOHN
MORGAN, ESQ.,
ILEUM,
gentleman, aged sixty, having
THREE CASES OF ENCEPHALOCELE OF THE ANTERIOR PART OF THE HEAD.
F.R.C S.
been much in tropical climates, but without having had severe dysentery, in March, 1862, first complained of a fulness in the left groin, which, though undefined for some weeks, increased in the following six months to a considerable size. It was attached posteriorly, painful on handling, and seemed to interfere with the functions A
nearly by fuming Mr. CHRISTOPHER HEATH brought before the Society
I. The first specimen was from a case which occurred in tha of Mr. Riley, of Charlwood-street, and consisted of the head of a child born at full term, which presented a large tumour of the forehead, measuring twelve inches in circumference transversely, and ten inches in circumference from before backwards. This tumour was the presenting part in the labour ; and as it prevented the delivery of the head, it was
practice