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Cephalic bruit. A review of the literature and a report of six cases
424 Mackby, Cases.
AMERICAN
M. J.: Cephalic Bruit. Am. J. 8urg. 55: 534,
IIEART
A Review 1942.
.JOURN.\l,
of the
Literature
and
a Report
of Six
It appears that cranial auscultation is a “near forgotten art.” This method of examination is seldom employed by the average practitioner although simple of execution, and from such an examination one may derive valuable information. The pertinent features of the subject as recorded in the literature have been rfviewed. Six examples of intracranial bruit occurring in patients harboring intracranial lesions have been reported in order to illustrate some of the pathologic states that may result in a bruit. In an endeavor to estimate the frequency of occurrence of this abnormal physical finding in persons not exhibiting signs of intracranial disturbances, the heads of 250 persons were auscultated. Cephalic bruit was demonstrated in only three instances (0.012 per cent) and in two of these cases, there was a murmur audible over the heart, the great vessels of the neck and the head, Prom evidence at hand, it seems logical to conclude that a cephalic bruit in any individual merits careful consideration and further investigation of the possible presence of an organic intracranial lesion.
Gregg, D. E., Measurement Rotameter.
Shipley, R. E., Eckstein, R. W., of Mean Blood Flow in Arteries Proc. Sot. Exper. Biol. & Med. 49:
Rotta, and 267-72,
A., and Veins by 1942.
Weam, Means
J. T.: of the
The rotameter has been used to measure cardiac input and mean blood flow in the Typical records are shown. Tests inarteries and veins of the anesthetized dog. dicate that in routine use the instrument will give reliable blood flow values with an error of less than 10 per cent. Its use enables the experimenter to determine at a glance the moment-to-moment flow during the time that flow is actually being measured, an advantage not possessed by any other known method. The rotameter is so simple in operation that it should also serve a very useful purpose for the measurement of blood flows in student experiments in the classroom for which as yet no simple and reliable method has been available. AUTHORS.
Berghoff, R. S., Geraci, of the Aging Human M. J. 81: 97, 1942.
A. S., and Hirsch, Heart (Observations
D. A.: Senile Ectasy: on Four Hundred
A Clinical Patients).
Study Illinois
This is a preliminary report of an investigation of four hundred of a total of one thousand cardiacs in the age group of fifty to eighty years. The material gathered consumed five and one-half years and embodies case histories, physical examinations, percussion measurements checked by telefluoroscopies and electrocardiograms. This incomplete study led to the following conclusions: The most common forms of heart disease encountered in senescence are arteriosc.lerotic, hypertensive, syphilitic, rheumatic, and thyroid. The earliest subjective symptoms are dyspnea, heart consciousness, and pain. The outstanding and most important diagnostic physical sign is altered configuration of the heart. Percussion carefully carried out is reliable and has greater diagnostic value than auscultation. Telefluoroscopy is a simple, economical and practical diagnostic adjunct to percusThe electrocardiograph furnishes more help in this age group than in any sion. other types of heart disease. It is possible and practical to differentiate clinically A fair working knowledge concerning three different stages of coronary disease. the immediate prognosis of the various individual types of heart disease encountered in senile individuals has been presented. AUTHORS.
AMERICAN
M. J.: Cephalic Bruit. Am. J. 8urg. 55: 534,
IIEART
A Review 1942.
.JOURN.\l,
of the
Literature
and
a Report
of Six
It appears that cranial auscultation is a “near forgotten art.” This method of examination is seldom employed by the average practitioner although simple of execution, and from such an examination one may derive valuable information. The pertinent features of the subject as recorded in the literature have been rfviewed. Six examples of intracranial bruit occurring in patients harboring intracranial lesions have been reported in order to illustrate some of the pathologic states that may result in a bruit. In an endeavor to estimate the frequency of occurrence of this abnormal physical finding in persons not exhibiting signs of intracranial disturbances, the heads of 250 persons were auscultated. Cephalic bruit was demonstrated in only three instances (0.012 per cent) and in two of these cases, there was a murmur audible over the heart, the great vessels of the neck and the head, Prom evidence at hand, it seems logical to conclude that a cephalic bruit in any individual merits careful consideration and further investigation of the possible presence of an organic intracranial lesion.
Gregg, D. E., Measurement Rotameter.
Shipley, R. E., Eckstein, R. W., of Mean Blood Flow in Arteries Proc. Sot. Exper. Biol. & Med. 49:
Rotta, and 267-72,
A., and Veins by 1942.
Weam, Means
J. T.: of the
The rotameter has been used to measure cardiac input and mean blood flow in the Typical records are shown. Tests inarteries and veins of the anesthetized dog. dicate that in routine use the instrument will give reliable blood flow values with an error of less than 10 per cent. Its use enables the experimenter to determine at a glance the moment-to-moment flow during the time that flow is actually being measured, an advantage not possessed by any other known method. The rotameter is so simple in operation that it should also serve a very useful purpose for the measurement of blood flows in student experiments in the classroom for which as yet no simple and reliable method has been available. AUTHORS.
Berghoff, R. S., Geraci, of the Aging Human M. J. 81: 97, 1942.
A. S., and Hirsch, Heart (Observations
D. A.: Senile Ectasy: on Four Hundred
A Clinical Patients).
Study Illinois
This is a preliminary report of an investigation of four hundred of a total of one thousand cardiacs in the age group of fifty to eighty years. The material gathered consumed five and one-half years and embodies case histories, physical examinations, percussion measurements checked by telefluoroscopies and electrocardiograms. This incomplete study led to the following conclusions: The most common forms of heart disease encountered in senescence are arteriosc.lerotic, hypertensive, syphilitic, rheumatic, and thyroid. The earliest subjective symptoms are dyspnea, heart consciousness, and pain. The outstanding and most important diagnostic physical sign is altered configuration of the heart. Percussion carefully carried out is reliable and has greater diagnostic value than auscultation. Telefluoroscopy is a simple, economical and practical diagnostic adjunct to percusThe electrocardiograph furnishes more help in this age group than in any sion. other types of heart disease. It is possible and practical to differentiate clinically A fair working knowledge concerning three different stages of coronary disease. the immediate prognosis of the various individual types of heart disease encountered in senile individuals has been presented. AUTHORS.