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Change over time in wealth approximated by relative residential location factor is associated with changes over time in body mass index and waist circumference
74 tiple logistic regression model, being in the obese category was not associated with EDS, but being overweight increased the odds of EDS by 1.8 times (95%CI: 1.0—3.1) when compared to having normal weight. Conclusion/recommendation: Our result suggests that obesity is associated with an increased risk of EDS. This may represent an important pathway between obesity and increased risk of accidents, injuries and loss of productivity. Further study may assess whether this association is causal and whether weight-loss programs may lead to improvement in EDS.
References [1] Visscher TL, Seidell JC. The public health impact of obesity. Annu Rev Public Health 2001;22:355—75. [2] Empana JP, Dauvilliers Y, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, Gariepy J, Jouven X, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness is an independent risk indicator for cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling elderly: the three city study. Stroke 2009 Apr;40(4):1219—24. [3] Robb G, Sultana S, Ameratunga S, Jackson R. A systematic review of epidemiological studies investigating risk factors for work-related road traffic crashes and injuries. Inj Prev 2008 Feb;14(1):51—8. [4] Freak-Poli R, Wolfe R, Peeters A. Risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in a working population with sedentary occupations. J Occup Environ Med 2010 Nov;52(11):1132—7. [5] Freak-Poli R, Wolfe R, Backholer K, de Courten M, Peeters A. Impact of a pedometer-based workplace health program on cardiovascular and diabetes risk profile. Prev Med [Research Support, Non-US Gov’t] 2011 Sep;53(3):162—71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.134
M. Pickford 236 Change over time in wealth approximated by relative residential location factor is associated with changes over time in body mass index and waist circumference Neil Coffee 1 , Natasha Howard 1 , Catherine Paquet 1 , Anne Taylor 2 , Robert Adams 3 , Graeme Hugo 4 , Mark Daniel 1 , Theo Niyonsenga 1,∗ 1 University
of South Australia School of Population, Adelaide, SA, Australia 2 Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 3 The Health Observatory, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 4 Discipline of Geography, Environment and Population, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Background: Obesity remains a pressing public health problem. Globally, 37% of men and 38% of women are overweight or obese. Over the last three decades, Australasia has outpaced other regions of the world with the largest absolute increase in adult obesity. Obesity is inversely associated with measures of socioeconomic status (SES) including education, or income. Fewer studies have its relationship to wealth. In cross-sectional population studies, a recently developed, novel spatial property wealth indicator, relative location factor (RLF) was shown to be associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WAISTC). This 10-year longitudinal study evaluated whether RLF trajectory was associated with trajectories of BMI and WAISTC. Methods: Trajectories of BMI, WAISTC and RLF were determined for participants in a population cohort (n = 4056 at baseline) collected across three waves between 2000 and 2010. RLF was derived from a hedonic regression model including selected residential property characteristics. Multivariate latent growth curve models were fitted to the data to estimate associations between change RLF and changes in BMI and WAISTC accounting for individual age, gender and education, and area-level SES.
Annual Scientific Meeting Findings: BMI, WAISTC and RLF increased over time. Average growths and variations across individuals were statistically significant. As RLF rose over time, BMI and WAISTC decreased, that is, positive growth in RLF was associated with reduced growth in BMI and WAISTC. Statistically significant associations between growth intercepts remained even when accounting for individual- and area-level covariates. Conclusion: Longitudinal analysis using growth models enabled the estimation of individual trajectories and to examine the extent to which they are associated to each other. Although rising RLF was associated with reduced growth in BMI and WAISTC, other factors such as diet and active lifestyle could contribute to changes in BMI and WAISTC [1—3].
75
[1] Coffee N, Lockwood T, Hugo G, Paquet C, Howard N, Daniel M. Relative residential property value as a socio-economic status indicator for health research. Int J Health Geogr 2013;12:22. [2] Khoo ST, Muthén B. Longitudinal data on families: growth modeling alternatives. In: Rose J, Chassin L, Presson C, Sherman J, editors. Multivariate applications in substance use research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 2000. p. 43—78. [3] Ngo A, Paquet C, Howard NJ, Coffee NT, Taylor AW, Adams RJ, et al. Area-level socioeconomic characteristics, prevalence and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014;11(1):830—48.
years of age. Structural equation modelling was conducted to test hypothesised models relating dietary patterns, energy intake and adiposity (body mass index) at 14 years to adiposity and the pro-inflammatory adipokine (leptin), inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein — hs-CRP) at 17 years, depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) and internalising and externalising problem behaviours (Child Behaviour Check List Youth Self- Report) at 17 years. Results: The tested models provided a good fit to the data. A ‘Western’ dietary pattern (high intake of red meat, takeaway, refined foods and confectionary) at 14 years was independently associated with higher energy intake and BMI at 14 years and BMI and inflammation at 17 years. A ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern (high in fruit, vegetables, fish, whole-grains) was inversely correlated with BMI and inflammation at 17 years. Higher BMI at 14 was correlated with higher BMI, higher leptin and hs-CRP, depressive symptoms and mental health problems at 17 years. Conclusions: A ‘Western’ dietary pattern appears to increase the risk of mental health problems including depression in adolescents through biologically plausible pathways of adiposity and inflammation. A ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern is protective in these pathways. Further longitudinal modelling into young adulthood is indicated to confirm these complex associations.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.135
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.136
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A ‘Western’ dietary pattern, adiposity and inflammation: Pathways to depression and mental health problems in adolescents
Central neural pathways directed to white, brown and transformed brite/beige fat
References
Wendy H. Oddy, Romy Gaillard ∗ , Rae-Chi Huang Population Science, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Background: Observational studies suggest that dietary patterns may impact mental health outcomes, however biologically plausible pathways are yet to be tested. In this study we aimed to elucidate pathways between dietary patterns, adiposity, inflammation and mental health including depression longitudinally in a population-based cohort of adolescents. Methods: Data were provided from 843 adolescents participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study at 14 and 17
Nicole M. Wiedmann ∗ , Aneta Stefanidis, Brian J. Oldfield Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialised type of ‘‘fat’’ that is responsible for the dissipation of energy in response to either lowered ambient temperature or elevated caloric intake. The realisation that BAT is present in adult humans in inverse proportion to BMI and fat mass as well as the discovery that white adipose tissue (WAT) can be transformed to ‘‘brown-like’’ (brite or beige) fat has necessitated a more complete understanding of the central neural control of BAT or ‘‘brown-like’’ fat cell function. We used neurotropic viruses injected into fat depots in rats to trace multisynaptic central neu-
References [1] Visscher TL, Seidell JC. The public health impact of obesity. Annu Rev Public Health 2001;22:355—75. [2] Empana JP, Dauvilliers Y, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, Gariepy J, Jouven X, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness is an independent risk indicator for cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling elderly: the three city study. Stroke 2009 Apr;40(4):1219—24. [3] Robb G, Sultana S, Ameratunga S, Jackson R. A systematic review of epidemiological studies investigating risk factors for work-related road traffic crashes and injuries. Inj Prev 2008 Feb;14(1):51—8. [4] Freak-Poli R, Wolfe R, Peeters A. Risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in a working population with sedentary occupations. J Occup Environ Med 2010 Nov;52(11):1132—7. [5] Freak-Poli R, Wolfe R, Backholer K, de Courten M, Peeters A. Impact of a pedometer-based workplace health program on cardiovascular and diabetes risk profile. Prev Med [Research Support, Non-US Gov’t] 2011 Sep;53(3):162—71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.134
M. Pickford 236 Change over time in wealth approximated by relative residential location factor is associated with changes over time in body mass index and waist circumference Neil Coffee 1 , Natasha Howard 1 , Catherine Paquet 1 , Anne Taylor 2 , Robert Adams 3 , Graeme Hugo 4 , Mark Daniel 1 , Theo Niyonsenga 1,∗ 1 University
of South Australia School of Population, Adelaide, SA, Australia 2 Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 3 The Health Observatory, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 4 Discipline of Geography, Environment and Population, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Background: Obesity remains a pressing public health problem. Globally, 37% of men and 38% of women are overweight or obese. Over the last three decades, Australasia has outpaced other regions of the world with the largest absolute increase in adult obesity. Obesity is inversely associated with measures of socioeconomic status (SES) including education, or income. Fewer studies have its relationship to wealth. In cross-sectional population studies, a recently developed, novel spatial property wealth indicator, relative location factor (RLF) was shown to be associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WAISTC). This 10-year longitudinal study evaluated whether RLF trajectory was associated with trajectories of BMI and WAISTC. Methods: Trajectories of BMI, WAISTC and RLF were determined for participants in a population cohort (n = 4056 at baseline) collected across three waves between 2000 and 2010. RLF was derived from a hedonic regression model including selected residential property characteristics. Multivariate latent growth curve models were fitted to the data to estimate associations between change RLF and changes in BMI and WAISTC accounting for individual age, gender and education, and area-level SES.
Annual Scientific Meeting Findings: BMI, WAISTC and RLF increased over time. Average growths and variations across individuals were statistically significant. As RLF rose over time, BMI and WAISTC decreased, that is, positive growth in RLF was associated with reduced growth in BMI and WAISTC. Statistically significant associations between growth intercepts remained even when accounting for individual- and area-level covariates. Conclusion: Longitudinal analysis using growth models enabled the estimation of individual trajectories and to examine the extent to which they are associated to each other. Although rising RLF was associated with reduced growth in BMI and WAISTC, other factors such as diet and active lifestyle could contribute to changes in BMI and WAISTC [1—3].
75
[1] Coffee N, Lockwood T, Hugo G, Paquet C, Howard N, Daniel M. Relative residential property value as a socio-economic status indicator for health research. Int J Health Geogr 2013;12:22. [2] Khoo ST, Muthén B. Longitudinal data on families: growth modeling alternatives. In: Rose J, Chassin L, Presson C, Sherman J, editors. Multivariate applications in substance use research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 2000. p. 43—78. [3] Ngo A, Paquet C, Howard NJ, Coffee NT, Taylor AW, Adams RJ, et al. Area-level socioeconomic characteristics, prevalence and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014;11(1):830—48.
years of age. Structural equation modelling was conducted to test hypothesised models relating dietary patterns, energy intake and adiposity (body mass index) at 14 years to adiposity and the pro-inflammatory adipokine (leptin), inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein — hs-CRP) at 17 years, depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) and internalising and externalising problem behaviours (Child Behaviour Check List Youth Self- Report) at 17 years. Results: The tested models provided a good fit to the data. A ‘Western’ dietary pattern (high intake of red meat, takeaway, refined foods and confectionary) at 14 years was independently associated with higher energy intake and BMI at 14 years and BMI and inflammation at 17 years. A ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern (high in fruit, vegetables, fish, whole-grains) was inversely correlated with BMI and inflammation at 17 years. Higher BMI at 14 was correlated with higher BMI, higher leptin and hs-CRP, depressive symptoms and mental health problems at 17 years. Conclusions: A ‘Western’ dietary pattern appears to increase the risk of mental health problems including depression in adolescents through biologically plausible pathways of adiposity and inflammation. A ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern is protective in these pathways. Further longitudinal modelling into young adulthood is indicated to confirm these complex associations.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.135
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.136
157
5
A ‘Western’ dietary pattern, adiposity and inflammation: Pathways to depression and mental health problems in adolescents
Central neural pathways directed to white, brown and transformed brite/beige fat
References
Wendy H. Oddy, Romy Gaillard ∗ , Rae-Chi Huang Population Science, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Background: Observational studies suggest that dietary patterns may impact mental health outcomes, however biologically plausible pathways are yet to be tested. In this study we aimed to elucidate pathways between dietary patterns, adiposity, inflammation and mental health including depression longitudinally in a population-based cohort of adolescents. Methods: Data were provided from 843 adolescents participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study at 14 and 17
Nicole M. Wiedmann ∗ , Aneta Stefanidis, Brian J. Oldfield Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialised type of ‘‘fat’’ that is responsible for the dissipation of energy in response to either lowered ambient temperature or elevated caloric intake. The realisation that BAT is present in adult humans in inverse proportion to BMI and fat mass as well as the discovery that white adipose tissue (WAT) can be transformed to ‘‘brown-like’’ (brite or beige) fat has necessitated a more complete understanding of the central neural control of BAT or ‘‘brown-like’’ fat cell function. We used neurotropic viruses injected into fat depots in rats to trace multisynaptic central neu-