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Changes in structure and system organization due to potentization
218
British Hom~eopathic Journal
study yielded nothing for Kalium nitricum. Hering has 'Eructations: empty, sourish' under Kalium muriaticum (p. 449). Page 672: Urethra, Urinary Organs, Itching, meatus. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering mentions 'Itching in urethra' with Kaliurn muriaticum (p. 450). Page 680: Urine, Albuminous. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering lists 'Nephritis parenchymatosa; much albumen in urine' under Kalium muriaticurn (p. 450). Page 691: Urine, Sugar. Kalium nitricum negative, but Kalium muriaticum is given by Hering for 'Diabetes excessive and sugary urine' (p. 450). Page 825: Chest, Coldness, Heart, region of. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering has 'Palpitations of heart, with sensation of coldness in region of heart' under Kalium muriaticum (page 452). Page 955: Extremities, Chilblains, Feet. Kalium nitricum negative; Hering writes, under Kalium muriaticum: 'Lower Limbs. Fresh chilblains; bunion' (page 453) and 'Limbs in general. Chilblains on hands or feet or any part' (page 453). Page 956: Extremities, Coldness. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering mentions 'Coldness in arm; internal coldness in r. arm' under Kalium muriaticum (page 452). Page 962: Extremities, Coldness, Food. Kalium nitricum negative; Hering: Kaliurn muriaticum, 'Cold feet, with palpitation of heart' (page 453). Page 1199: Extremities, Swelling, Lower Limbs. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering lists 'Swelling of leg below knee', and 'Chronic persistent swelling of feet and lower limbs, swelling soft at first, afterwards hard to touch, without pain or redness; itchy; at one stage snowy white and shining; swelling less perceptible in morning than in evening; great tension, with a feeling as if it would burst' under Kalium muriaticum (page 453). Page 418: Mouth, Scorbutic Gums. KaIium nitricum negative, but Hering has 'Scorbutic mouth; especially after mercury; chronic scorbutus; scurvy' under Kalium muriaticum (page 456). Reference
Hering C. Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica vol. 6 (1888). New Delhi 1988.
ZschrKlass Homdop 1992; 36: 16-17.
Kent: Kalium sulphuricum
carbonicum
vs
Kalium
M. WOLF Below is a list of rubrics in Kent's Repertory where Kalium sulphuricum is listed, though it should be Kalium carbonicum. Source studies are quoted to substantiate every instance. Page 247: Eye, Opacity of cornea (See Spots). Page 265: Eye, Redness, lids, edges of. Page 388: Face, Pain, stitching. Page 591: Abdomen, Pain, sore, bruised, tenderness, etc., Liver, in. Page 618: Rectum, Flatus, offensive. Page 850: Chest, Pain, Heart, region of. Page 1319: Skin, Eruptions, scale, yellow. Page 1370: Generalities, Jerking internally, muscles. Conversely, Kaliurn carbonicum appears wrongly in place of Kalium sulphuricum in the rubric: Generalities, Chorea (page 1347). Source works used by the author
Allen TF. Encyclopedia of pure Materia Medi~ vol. 5 (1877). New Delhi 1988. Hering C. Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica vol. 6 (1888). New Delhi 1988. Hahnemann S. G e r m a n edition of Chronic Diseases vol. 4 (1838). Heidelberg 1988.
Zschr Klass HomOop 1992; 36: 58-61. The 'normal' wrongly included in drug diagnosis
W. KLUNKER There is a growing tendency to include elements in hom0eopathic drug diagnosis that are normal for the patient, i.e. the normal condition, both physically and mentally,. The author shows that Hahnemann clearly based drug diagnosis on pathological elements only (Organon). Zschr Klass Hom6op 1992; 36: 47-53. Murex purpurea
U. SCHOBER No record exists of the exact nature and origin of the substance used in P6troz's 1841 proving, nor of the original manufacturing method. Both have been made more precise since, particularly in the new pharmacopoeias, and the author suggests that this should always be clearly stated. Zschr Klass HomOop 1992; 36: 73-79. Changes in structure and system organization due to potentization
V. GUTMAN This is an extended version of a paper read at the LMHI Congress in Cologne on 7 May 1991. The concept of supermolecular system organization is presented as an aid to understanding the quality of a material system. Every system of this
Volume 81, Number 4, October1992 kind reacts as a whole. Individual elements in the system--molecules, for example--are in balance with all other elements and it is as if each of them 'knew' how to react in order to maintain the integrity of the system under varying conditions. In liquid water, four groups of water molecules have individual hierarchic significance: 1 molecules at the interface 2 molecules at interior surfaces, e.g. around dissolved gas molecules 3 molecules in the vicinity of hydrophilic solutes 4 all other water molecules. In supercooled water the dynamic characteristics are enhanced in so far as the two groups that are higher up in the hierarchy are more differentiated, whilst the two lower groups are less differentiated. Analogous changes result from potentization, with structural information dispersed through the more dilute system and the solubility of gases increased. Succussion promotes the solution of gases and strengthens the higher levels in the hierarchy. The greater the dilution the more differentiated are the higher levels and the more uniform the lower levels. As a result, the higher levels have uncontested dominance over the system: potentization enhances system organization and dynamic aspects to such an extent that drug information only reaches its highest level of precision in high potencies. Part i inAllgHomdop Ztg 1992; 237: 91-94.
Hahnemann's place in the history of psychiatry R.G. APPELL The 200th anniversary of Hahnemann's work in Georgenthal, where he looked after the government official Klockenbring, has provided the occasion for an appraisal of his place in the history of psychiatry. At the end of the 18th century, the insane had their chains removed in many asylums in Europe, and this also influenced Hahnemann. Unlike others, however, he did not rely on nosological classification but considered patients as individuals. He resisted the temptation to take the dualistic approach, paying equal attention to physical and mental symptoms. The author draws attention to features hom~eopathy and psychoanalysis have in common, and also shows that the homceopathic approach is in many respects more open. His concluding words translate as follows: At the end of his 'Description of Klockenbring during his Insanity' in Deutsche Monatsschrift, February 1796, Hahnemann wrote of the friendship shown by Klockenbring. It is a precondition
219 for any kind of friendship, and clearly also for any form of therapy given with intent to heal, that physician and patient enter into a relationship based on similarities. This is the basis of transference and counter-transference in psychoanalysis, for instance. However, in that discipline the setting is designed to prevent friendship and any closer kind of bond developing. In homoeopathy, on the other hand, the concept is to perceive and accept the human being as a whole. Liberation from the disease, in which the individual is caught up, basically relies on the 'essential homeeopathicity' between physician and patient which opens the way to finding the homeeopathic medicine. Hahnemann did not merely postulate but practise this. He made himself become an idiot so that the sickness and healing of Klockenbring enabled him to take a step forward in existential maturity, and he was able to make his own contribution to the liberation of his fellow human beings. Georgenthal 1792 signals a step that required great courage. AllgHomOop Ztg 1992; 237: 108-14.
Interest in hom0eopathy by American and British pharmacists A report on the attitudes of American and British pharamacists towards alternative health practices was published in a respected pharmacy journal. 1 Although there is significantly more interest in alternative medicine in England amongst pharmacists, there is considerable interest by their American counterparts. According to a survey of 1,000 American and 750 British pharmacists, a surprising 27.4% of Americans and 58.1% of British pharmacists considered homoeopathic medicines to be 'useful'. When one considers that over one-fourth of American pharmacists have a positive attitude towards homoeopathy, one wonders why so few make them available in their pharmacy. Only 18.3% of American pharmacists and 14.5% of British pharmacists considered hom~eopathic medicines 'useless'. Ultimately, an impressive 50% more of American pharmacists and an astonishing 250% of British pharmacists had more positive feelings about homoeopathy than had negative feelings about it. The survey also noted that 44.2% of American pharmacists had either 'never heard of' or 'only heard of' homoeopathic medicine, while only 13.6% of British pharmacists were unfamiliar with hom~eopathy. These statistics suggest that once pharmacists learn more about homoeopathy they have more positive attitudes about it. They
British Hom~eopathic Journal
study yielded nothing for Kalium nitricum. Hering has 'Eructations: empty, sourish' under Kalium muriaticum (p. 449). Page 672: Urethra, Urinary Organs, Itching, meatus. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering mentions 'Itching in urethra' with Kaliurn muriaticum (p. 450). Page 680: Urine, Albuminous. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering lists 'Nephritis parenchymatosa; much albumen in urine' under Kalium muriaticurn (p. 450). Page 691: Urine, Sugar. Kalium nitricum negative, but Kalium muriaticum is given by Hering for 'Diabetes excessive and sugary urine' (p. 450). Page 825: Chest, Coldness, Heart, region of. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering has 'Palpitations of heart, with sensation of coldness in region of heart' under Kalium muriaticum (page 452). Page 955: Extremities, Chilblains, Feet. Kalium nitricum negative; Hering writes, under Kalium muriaticum: 'Lower Limbs. Fresh chilblains; bunion' (page 453) and 'Limbs in general. Chilblains on hands or feet or any part' (page 453). Page 956: Extremities, Coldness. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering mentions 'Coldness in arm; internal coldness in r. arm' under Kalium muriaticum (page 452). Page 962: Extremities, Coldness, Food. Kalium nitricum negative; Hering: Kaliurn muriaticum, 'Cold feet, with palpitation of heart' (page 453). Page 1199: Extremities, Swelling, Lower Limbs. Kalium nitricum negative, but Hering lists 'Swelling of leg below knee', and 'Chronic persistent swelling of feet and lower limbs, swelling soft at first, afterwards hard to touch, without pain or redness; itchy; at one stage snowy white and shining; swelling less perceptible in morning than in evening; great tension, with a feeling as if it would burst' under Kalium muriaticum (page 453). Page 418: Mouth, Scorbutic Gums. KaIium nitricum negative, but Hering has 'Scorbutic mouth; especially after mercury; chronic scorbutus; scurvy' under Kalium muriaticum (page 456). Reference
Hering C. Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica vol. 6 (1888). New Delhi 1988.
ZschrKlass Homdop 1992; 36: 16-17.
Kent: Kalium sulphuricum
carbonicum
vs
Kalium
M. WOLF Below is a list of rubrics in Kent's Repertory where Kalium sulphuricum is listed, though it should be Kalium carbonicum. Source studies are quoted to substantiate every instance. Page 247: Eye, Opacity of cornea (See Spots). Page 265: Eye, Redness, lids, edges of. Page 388: Face, Pain, stitching. Page 591: Abdomen, Pain, sore, bruised, tenderness, etc., Liver, in. Page 618: Rectum, Flatus, offensive. Page 850: Chest, Pain, Heart, region of. Page 1319: Skin, Eruptions, scale, yellow. Page 1370: Generalities, Jerking internally, muscles. Conversely, Kaliurn carbonicum appears wrongly in place of Kalium sulphuricum in the rubric: Generalities, Chorea (page 1347). Source works used by the author
Allen TF. Encyclopedia of pure Materia Medi~ vol. 5 (1877). New Delhi 1988. Hering C. Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica vol. 6 (1888). New Delhi 1988. Hahnemann S. G e r m a n edition of Chronic Diseases vol. 4 (1838). Heidelberg 1988.
Zschr Klass HomOop 1992; 36: 58-61. The 'normal' wrongly included in drug diagnosis
W. KLUNKER There is a growing tendency to include elements in hom0eopathic drug diagnosis that are normal for the patient, i.e. the normal condition, both physically and mentally,. The author shows that Hahnemann clearly based drug diagnosis on pathological elements only (Organon). Zschr Klass Hom6op 1992; 36: 47-53. Murex purpurea
U. SCHOBER No record exists of the exact nature and origin of the substance used in P6troz's 1841 proving, nor of the original manufacturing method. Both have been made more precise since, particularly in the new pharmacopoeias, and the author suggests that this should always be clearly stated. Zschr Klass HomOop 1992; 36: 73-79. Changes in structure and system organization due to potentization
V. GUTMAN This is an extended version of a paper read at the LMHI Congress in Cologne on 7 May 1991. The concept of supermolecular system organization is presented as an aid to understanding the quality of a material system. Every system of this
Volume 81, Number 4, October1992 kind reacts as a whole. Individual elements in the system--molecules, for example--are in balance with all other elements and it is as if each of them 'knew' how to react in order to maintain the integrity of the system under varying conditions. In liquid water, four groups of water molecules have individual hierarchic significance: 1 molecules at the interface 2 molecules at interior surfaces, e.g. around dissolved gas molecules 3 molecules in the vicinity of hydrophilic solutes 4 all other water molecules. In supercooled water the dynamic characteristics are enhanced in so far as the two groups that are higher up in the hierarchy are more differentiated, whilst the two lower groups are less differentiated. Analogous changes result from potentization, with structural information dispersed through the more dilute system and the solubility of gases increased. Succussion promotes the solution of gases and strengthens the higher levels in the hierarchy. The greater the dilution the more differentiated are the higher levels and the more uniform the lower levels. As a result, the higher levels have uncontested dominance over the system: potentization enhances system organization and dynamic aspects to such an extent that drug information only reaches its highest level of precision in high potencies. Part i inAllgHomdop Ztg 1992; 237: 91-94.
Hahnemann's place in the history of psychiatry R.G. APPELL The 200th anniversary of Hahnemann's work in Georgenthal, where he looked after the government official Klockenbring, has provided the occasion for an appraisal of his place in the history of psychiatry. At the end of the 18th century, the insane had their chains removed in many asylums in Europe, and this also influenced Hahnemann. Unlike others, however, he did not rely on nosological classification but considered patients as individuals. He resisted the temptation to take the dualistic approach, paying equal attention to physical and mental symptoms. The author draws attention to features hom~eopathy and psychoanalysis have in common, and also shows that the homceopathic approach is in many respects more open. His concluding words translate as follows: At the end of his 'Description of Klockenbring during his Insanity' in Deutsche Monatsschrift, February 1796, Hahnemann wrote of the friendship shown by Klockenbring. It is a precondition
219 for any kind of friendship, and clearly also for any form of therapy given with intent to heal, that physician and patient enter into a relationship based on similarities. This is the basis of transference and counter-transference in psychoanalysis, for instance. However, in that discipline the setting is designed to prevent friendship and any closer kind of bond developing. In homoeopathy, on the other hand, the concept is to perceive and accept the human being as a whole. Liberation from the disease, in which the individual is caught up, basically relies on the 'essential homeeopathicity' between physician and patient which opens the way to finding the homeeopathic medicine. Hahnemann did not merely postulate but practise this. He made himself become an idiot so that the sickness and healing of Klockenbring enabled him to take a step forward in existential maturity, and he was able to make his own contribution to the liberation of his fellow human beings. Georgenthal 1792 signals a step that required great courage. AllgHomOop Ztg 1992; 237: 108-14.
Interest in hom0eopathy by American and British pharmacists A report on the attitudes of American and British pharamacists towards alternative health practices was published in a respected pharmacy journal. 1 Although there is significantly more interest in alternative medicine in England amongst pharmacists, there is considerable interest by their American counterparts. According to a survey of 1,000 American and 750 British pharmacists, a surprising 27.4% of Americans and 58.1% of British pharmacists considered homoeopathic medicines to be 'useful'. When one considers that over one-fourth of American pharmacists have a positive attitude towards homoeopathy, one wonders why so few make them available in their pharmacy. Only 18.3% of American pharmacists and 14.5% of British pharmacists considered hom~eopathic medicines 'useless'. Ultimately, an impressive 50% more of American pharmacists and an astonishing 250% of British pharmacists had more positive feelings about homoeopathy than had negative feelings about it. The survey also noted that 44.2% of American pharmacists had either 'never heard of' or 'only heard of' homoeopathic medicine, while only 13.6% of British pharmacists were unfamiliar with hom~eopathy. These statistics suggest that once pharmacists learn more about homoeopathy they have more positive attitudes about it. They