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Chapter 7 Magnetostrictive rare earth-Fe2 compounds
Subject index (h,k,l) p lan es ACTFEL displays ACTFEL p h o s p h o r s Activator choices Activator choices Activator c o n c e n t r a t i o n s Activators as i m p u r i t i e s Adsorbed w a t e r AgBr ex. -Brouwer's m e t h o d Allowed b a n d s t r u c t u r e - s o l i d s Analogue reflectance- Optical Analogue s y s t e m - E m i t t a n c e Analogue s y s t e m - E m i t t a n c e Analogue s y s t e m - R e f l e c t a n c e Anion c h o i c e s - p h o s p h o r s Anion sub-lattice Anion vacancies Anti-Stokes p h o s p h o r s Arrhenius equation Associated defects Backlight displays Band m o d e l for c o p p e r Bandgaps in d iode s Beer-lambert law BET equation Binomial t h e o r e m Black body radiation Black-body radiation Blacklight lamp p h o s p h o r s Bloch function Bloch functions Boltzmann equation Bragg equation Bravais lattices- 14 Bridgeman c o m p o n e n t s Bridgeman m e t h o d - crystals
15 674 675 453 462 480 395 209 92 363 538 537 539 537 458 46 48 594 214 75 677 365 652 354 267 224 528 349 684 363 371 234 12 22 299 298
Bridgeman p a r a m e t e r s Brillouin energy zones Brfllouin Zones Brfllouin Zones in c o p p e r BriUuoin zones Brouwer's m e t h o d Bubble m e m o r i e s Bulk d e n s i t y Calcium p h o s p h a t e r i p e n i n g Calcium sulfide p h o s p h o r Calculation of energy bands Calculation of Frenkel pairs Calculation of S c h o t t k y pairs Candela- definition Cathode ray tubes Cation choices- p h o s p h o r s Cation sub-lattice Cation vacancies Ce and Y fractions Cell 2 e x a m p l e Celsius Changes of state Charge c o m p e n s a t i o n Charge c o m p e n s a t i o n Charge c o m p e n s a t i o n Charge transfer orbitals Charge transfer states Chemical vapor d e p o s i t i o n Chroma Chromaticity coordinates,x,y,z CIE chromaticity diagram CIE MacAdam s y s t e m - 1964 Clausius-Clapeyron equation Color AM-IX~D p h o s p h o r s Color AM-I~D s t r u c t u r e Color c e n t e r
703 299 359 364 367 18 88 62 227 171 64 370 72 72 525 615 457 46 48 556 79 5 1 40 47 106 460 585 641 523 532 533 551 204 681 680 52
704 Color center band m o d e l Color Comparator Color i n s t r u m e n t Color matching Color m e a s u r e m e n t Color mixing-subtractive Color phosphor triads Color registration Color spaces Color TV- c u r r e n t p h o s p h o r s Color- lever p r i n c i p l e Color-emissive & reflective Commercial CRT p h o s p h o r s Commercial lamp p h o s p h o r s Computer m o n i t o r s Copy machine p h o s p h o r s Copying m a c h i n e s Cr3+ in ruby CRT fiat faceplate Crucible compositions Cryopumps Crystal field splitting rules Crystal freezing- incipient Crystal growth and shape Crystal s t o i c h i o m e t r y Cube Cumulative Frequency plot Czochralski automatic system Czochralski crystal defects Czochralski crystal rotation Czochralski heat flows Czochralski interface angle Czochralski m e t h o d Czochralski operation Czochralski p a r a m e t e r s Czochralski pulling apparatus
Subject index 384 527 536 542 520 544 504 616 543 622 542 541 501 514 630 683 683 450 618 273 640 581 302 225 319 9 244 289 283 286 285 281 276 281 279 284
Czochralski rotation Daylight defined Daylight p h o s p h o r s Decay times Decay times- p h o s p h o r s Defect disorder- AgBr Defect equation Defect equations Defect equilibria Defect free energy, Gd
281 529 398 397 409 100 40 53 73 70
Defect pairs Defect pairs Defect solid Defect t h e r m o d y n a m i c s Defect-free single crystal Si Degrees of f r e e d o m Density of states Differential Thermal Analysis Diffusion by small cations Diffusion controlled mixtures Diode displays- organic Diode laser arrays Diode laser c o n s t r u c t i o n Diode laser power output Diode laser p r o g r e s s Diode lasers Diode lasers-medical uses Diode l a s e r s - q u a n t u m well Dipole m o m e n t s DSC and boiling points DSC block DSC uses DTA applications DTA heating rates DTA of glass points DTA p a r a m e t e r s
80 106 30 68 322 1 401 184 146 159 667 662 660 666 665 659 667 664 425 204 198 203 2O0 191 203 188
Subject index DTA t h e r m o c o u p l e 187 Dy3+ energy levels- % SIM 572 Dynamic TGA 208 Dystectic crystal composition 3 2 0 Edge defined crystal g r o w t h 3 0 6 Edge dislocation 33 Effluent gas analysis 209 Einstein coefficients 422 EL displays 674 Electric m o m e n t 433 Electromagnetic s p e c t r u m 358 Electron as particle of m a t t e r 3 5 0 Electron b e a m d e p o s i t i o n 645 Electron losses in a solid 405 Electron r es tr ict ed e n e r g y 361 Electron-gun components 503 Electronic devices- thin film 6 3 8 Embryo 125 Embryo mo tio n e n e r g y 127 Emittance & reflectance 526 Endothermic-exothermic 184 Energy b a n d m o d e l s 20 Energy b a n d m o d e l s 369 Energy transfer overlap 433 Energy transfer- spacial 436 Energy transfer-critical radii 4 3 9 Energy t r a n s f e r - s p i n c o u p l i n g 4 4 0 Energy transition m o m e n t s 424 E n t r o p y change- ASvib. 69 ErPO4 reflectance s p e c t r u m 5 7 8 Evaporation Ewald a n d Ewald Spher e Ewald c o n s t r u c t i o n Excess cations in p h o s p h o r s Exchange p r o c e s s Excitation s o u r c e s - p h o s p h o r s
641 17 376 483 595 405
705
F-center: NaCI Fahrenheit FED outdoor display FED p h o s p h o r s Feret's d i a m e t e r Fermi surface in solids Fick's first law Field emission display (FED) Firing a t m o s p h e r e Fluorescent lamp s i z e s - 2 0 0 3 Flying spot s c a n n e r Forced dipole selection rules Forced-electric-dipole Fractional p a r e n t a g e Franck-Condon principle Free electron e n e r g y F r e e m a n & Carroll m e t h o d Frenkel defects Frenkel- T h e r m a l origin Frequency Plot Fresnel's equation Furnace d e s i g n Furnace elements- non air Furnace insulation | reciprocal lattice v e c t o r
53 5 651 650 231 364 137 648 493 625 632 576 575 568 400 361 215 48 68 244 356 269 271
Miller i n d i c e s Gaussian PSD Ge:As energy b a n d m o d e l s Getter p u m p s G i b b s - T h o m p s o n equation Grain b o u n d a r i e s Grain g r o w t h G r o u n d state energy G r o u n d state p e r t u r b a t i o n Hamiltonian operator Hancock & Sharp m e t h o d
374 235 384 640 126 176 174 401 454 370 143
270 372
706
Subject index
Hartree-FSk m e t h o d Heat capacity Heat exchanger m e t h o d Heat- definition Heating e l e m e n t s HEM apparatus HEM apparatus for C a F 2
359 6 303 6 269 303 304
Heterogeneous solids Heterotype s y s t e m HID & Triband ~ p s HID lamps Hierarchy- crystal systems Histogram Homogeneous nucleation Homotype impurity system Hooke's law Hopping m e c h a n i s m Hopping motions Host choices Host s t r u c t u r e HPMV lamp HPMV lamp p h o s p h o r s Human eye HUYGHEN'S p r i n c i p l e Hydrothermal g r o w t h - q u a r t z Hydrothermal p a r a m e t e r s Illuminant C Image intensifier tube Impurity effects Impurity leveling effect Impurity leveling factor Infra-red converting Interfacial e n e r g y Intermed. coupling diagram Internal heat Interstitial atoms
45 56 626 623 21 244 167 56 389 119 139 456 493 513 515 521 351 330 333 529 636 107 309 312 596 165 57O 8 72
Intrinsic defect b a n d models Intrinsic defects Ion b e a m deposition Ionization of defects Isothermal TGA JEDEC & RE CRT phosphors JEDEC phosphor types JEDEC p h o s p h o r s J u m p frequency Kelvin Kirchendall effect Kubela and Monk equation Kyropoulos m e t h o d L-S coupling Lamp phosphors-specialty Lamps- 32T6 p e r f o r m a n c e Lamps- F32T5 p e r f o r m a n c e Lamps- micro-wave energy Lanthanide configurations Lanthanide c h e m i s t r y Lanthanide coupling s c h e m e Lanthanide electron shells Lanthanide energy states Lanthanide free-ion approach Lanthanide history Lanthanide J-levels Lanthanide levels possible Lanthanide ores ~ t h a n i d e salt solubility Lanthanide spectra- factors Lanthanides- 5d states Lanthanides- p r o c e s s Lanthanides-relative intensity Laser crystals Laser energy losses Laser slope efficiency
386 75 644 85 208 510 510 507 138 6 141 356 30O 414 515 626 627 627 560 554 564 559 561 582 552 563 561 555 555 576 585 557 584 290 609 609
Subject index Laser- 3 level Lattice p o i n t s Lattice- u nit-vec tors Laue e q u a t i o n s Laue e q u a t i o n s LED c o n s t r u c t i o n LED f o r m u l a LED p r o g r e s s LED- p h o s p h o r s in use LED-commercial applications LED-inverted pyramid Light i n t e n s i t y Light i n t e r a c t i o n in solids Light- p a r t i c l e n a t u r e Light- wave n a t u r e Line d e f e c t Liquid crystal t y p e s Lithium niobate Log n o r m a l probability p l o t Log n o r m a l PSD t y p e s Long d e c a y p h o s p h o r s LPMV line e m i t t e r s Luminescence killers Luminescent center Luminosity 524 M-center MacAdam- MPD s t e p s M a r k e t p e n e t r a t i o n - displays Martin's d i a m e t e r McLeod g a u g e M e c h a n i c a l film d e p o s i t i o n Melt g r o w t h p a r a m e t e r s M e r c u r y diffusion p u m p s
612 13 14 26 375 656 656 653 659 659 658 526 353 347 346 34 677 6O 246 248 701 516 469 402 54 548 682 231 639 642 274
Metal e l e m e n t s t r u c t u r e Metal halide l a m p
639 I0 624
Migrating c h a r g e d vacancy
163
707
619 14 Miller i n d i c e s 5 4 9 Min. P e r c e p t u a l Differences Mismatched energy exchange 443 573 Mixed s t a t e s 575 Mixed s t a t e s of Dy3+ Milestones in CRT g u n s
Molar extinction coefficient Molecular orbitals Molten flux m e t h o d Molten flux p a r a m e t e r s M u l t i p h o n o n rate e q u a t i o n s Multiphonon relaxation MULTIPOLAR selection r u l e s Multipole i n t e r a c t i o n s Multipole t y p e s Munsell color t r e e Munsell- h u e , c h r o m a & value MX s defect equilibria MXs d e f e c t s
355 417 328 329 590 588 431 421 416 544 544 78 76
NaI:TI § s c i n t i l l a t o r
696
Nanotechnology & purity N a t u r e of l i g h t Neon signs N o n - s t o i c h i o m e t r y factor, 5 N o n - s t o i c h i o m e t r i c MXs+8
109 345 690 82 88
Nucleation of p a r t i c l e s
122
Nucleation r a t e s Nucleation- s h a p e factor Nucleation-random Nuclei & p h a s e b o u n d a r y Nuclei a n d s i n t e r i n g Nuclei formation a n d g r o w t h
122 132 125 127 179 131
Octahedron Oil diffusion p u m p s OLED c o n s t r u c t i o n OLED d e v i c e s
9 640 670 668
708
Subject index
OLED devices and p h o s p h o r s OLED displays OLED displays-design OLED prerequisites Optical formulas-solids Organic p h o s p h o r s Oscillator s t r e n g t h s Oscilloscopes Ostwald r i p e n i n g Outdoor displays- CRT Parabolic law of diffusion Particle Assemblages Particle counting i n s t r u m e n t Particle growth limits Particle in a box Particle m e a n size Particle orientation Particle packing densities Particle p r o p e r t i e s Particle ranges Particle shapes Particle size p a r a m e t e r s Particle size ranges Particle sizes in Nature Particles by microscope PDP panel Phase boundary Phase transformations Phonon acoustical and optical Phonon branches in solids Phonon elastic waves Phonon emission in YVO4
673 672 668 669 352 417 428 630 170 651 134 226 232 248 370 234 230 227 223 219 224 237 221 233 228 686 117 115 394 394 388 593
Phonon p r o c e s s e s - p h o s p h o r s Phonon resonant vibrations Phonon vibrational m o d e s Phosphor band shapes
444 359 394 411
Phosphor coupling processes Phosphor d e p e n d e n t variable Phosphor energy bands Phosphor energy dissipation Phosphor energy processes Phosphor firing cycle Phosphor luminescent center Phosphor m e t h o d s Phosphor notation Phosphor p a r a m e t e r s Phosphor preparation steps Phosphor size and mass Phosphor t e r m s Phosphors for projection TV Phosphors for Storage tubes Phosphors- flying spot Phosphors-image intensifiers Phosphor energy dissipation Photon as force-carrier Photon emission from solids Photon energy transfer Photon interaction in solids Photon interactions in solids Photopic & Scotopic vision Piezoelectricity Plane spacing Plaque t e s t e r Plasma discharge Plasma display construction Point defects Point defects- homogenous Point group s y m m e t r i e s Polystructures Polythiophene emission Polytypes Pore growth
436 486 403 399 398 488 447 499 407 480 486 492 397 622 631 633 637 419 350 387 357 356 353 523 334 28 517 685 686 31 42 24 326 672 326 172
Subject index Potential energy d i a g r a m Powder Diffraction File Precipitation m e c h a n i s m s Probability of e m i s s i o n Projection TV Propagation m o d e l s PSD by A n d r e a s e n p i p e t t e PSD by BET m e t h o d PSD by Coulter Counter PSD by gas ad s or pt i on PSD by laser diffractometry PSD by permeability PSD by s e d i m e n t a t i o n PSD calculations PSD in I n d u s t r y PSD- bimodal types PSD- growth l i m i t e d Pyrophosphate p h o s p h o r s Quantum efficiency Quantum efficiency Quartz AT and BT cuts Quartz r e s o n a t o r s - w a t c h e s Quartz t w i n n i n g Quartz vibrational m o d e s Quartz-microbalance Racah o p e r a t o r s Radar p h o s p h o r s Radiation s c a t t e r i n g Radiative t r a n s f e r Radiofrequency g e n e r a t o r s R a n d o m nucleation Rankine Rayleigh scattering in air Reciprocal lattice Reciprocal lattice Reciprocal lattice wave Eq.
709
400 26 169 426 621 8 260 266 261 266 264 266 258 254 252 251 247 495 408 52O 336 335 324 337 338 567 635 352 432 279
Resonance ex.- definitions Resonance e x c h a n g e R e sonant energy t r a n s f e r Roentgen Rotational s y m m e t r y Rotational synm~etry axes Rules for p h o s p h o r desi gn RusseU-Saunders t e r m s Scanning calorimetry S c h o t t k y - T h e r m a l origin S c h o t t k y defect s S c h r o e d i n g e r equation Scintillator m e c h a n i s m s Scintillator p h o s p h o r s Scintillator uses Scintillators Screen sizes- s t a n d a r d Screw dislocation Seebeck effect Seed crystal Seed crystal by crucible Seive m e t h o d - PSD Selection rules Self i nt erst i t i al Serf-activated p h o s p h o r s S e m i c o n d u c t i n g Lasers Sensitized l u m i n e s c e n c e Sensitizers- activators Shape p a r a m e t e r s Silicate diffusion
130 6 351 16 360 378
Silicate p h o s p h o r s 161 323 Silicon boule defects 291 Single crystal growth rate Single crystal vapor m e t h o d s 3 4 0 Sintering equation 178 Sintering m e c h a n i s m s 182
433 433 419 12 21 15 464 414 198 68 48 370 697 700 699 697 220 35 185 275 276 239 416 4O 459 661 435 463 224 153
710
Subject index
Sintering of a g g r e g a t e s Sintering of p a r t i c l e s Slater d e t e r m i n a n t s Slater integrals- F values Solid state l a s e r s Solid state r a t e e q u a t i o n s Solid state r a t e p r o c e s s e s Solid state r e a c t i o n s Space g r o u p s - 2 3 1 Spectrofluorimeter Spectroscopic notation S p e e d of l i g h t Spin e x c h a n g e S p i n - o r b i t & c r y s t a l field Spinel Spinel p h o s p h o r s Sputtering S t a c k e d CRTs S t a c k i n g faults in c r y s t a l s
174 172 566 566 607 214 211 116 20 519 413 348 440 571 145 147 643 620 324
Stacking sequences-crystals S t a n d a r d deviations, o
325 235
Standard Observer S t a r k states- e x p e r i m e n t a l Statistical M e c h a n i c s Std. I l l u m i n a t i n g s o u r c e s Stimulated emission S t o i c h i o m e t r i c MXs
526 577 65 530 607 87
S t o k e s law Stokes process S t o k e s shift
244 398 403
Super-cooled melt 301 Surface a n d volume n u c l e a t i o n 123 S y m m e t r y e l e m e n t s of a c u b e 15 Tarnishing 133 Temperature broadening 478 Temperature quenching 474
Tetrahedron TFT-LCD c o n s t r u c t i o n TFT-LCD pixels TGA analysis TGA p a r a m e t e r s TGA w a t e r t y p e s TGA-solid state r e a c t i o n s The plane n e t The S t a n d a r d O b s e r v e r Thermocouples- common T h e r m o g r a v i m e t r i c analysis Thermolum. phosphor Thermometer T h e r m o m e t r i c f'Lxed p o i n t s T h i n film t e c h n i q u e s T h i n film t e c h n o l o g y Thomaschek Time frame in p h o s p h o r s TiO e x a m p l e
9 678 680 208 206 209 210 49 522 186 205
Vacancy V a c u u m f l u o r e s c e n t display Vacuum forepump Vacuum pumps V a c u u m UV g e n e r a t i o n Vapor growth p a r a m e t e r s
32 645 640 639
485 5 195
639 637 584 404 79 14 Translation vector Tri-color PDP p h o s p h o r s 690 T r i b a n d p h o s p h o r s - 2003 626 T r i s t i m u l o u s r e s p o n s e , ~,-q,~ 5 3 2 T r i s t i m u l o u s values, X,Y,Z 532 Types of d e f e c t s 41 Unit cell 14 Unit cell v o l u m e 14 Up-conversion phosphors 595 US s t a n d a r d seive sizes 238 Use of a flux 500
685 341
Subject index Vegard's law Verneufl m e t h o d Verneuil p a r a m e t e r s VFD p h o s p h o r s Vibronic coupling Vibronic spectrum- YVO4:Eu
464 315 318 647 401 589
Volume defect Volume of domains Volume sintering Von Laue VUV p h o s p h o r s VUV Plaque T e s t e r William Henry Bragg X-Ray Detection p h o s p h o r s X-ray image tube X-ray image tube p h o s p h o r s
35 131 177 12 689 688 12 695 694 695
X-ray intensifying p h o s p h o r s X-ray intensifying s c r e e n s X-ray p h o s p h o r attributes X-ray s u m m a r y Xerographic p r o c e s s YAG:Nd crystal g r o w t h Zero phonon m o d e Zero phonon m o d e Zero vibronic coupling ZnCdS2:Ag p h o s p h o r s
711
693 691 692 382 683 292 138 402 412 506 ZnO- defect reactions 465 ZnS bandgap 467 ZnS:Ag charge-compensation 4 6 7 ZnS:Ag defect reactions 467 Zone m e l t i n g 307 Zone refining of crystals 308
15 674 675 453 462 480 395 209 92 363 538 537 539 537 458 46 48 594 214 75 677 365 652 354 267 224 528 349 684 363 371 234 12 22 299 298
Bridgeman p a r a m e t e r s Brillouin energy zones Brfllouin Zones Brfllouin Zones in c o p p e r BriUuoin zones Brouwer's m e t h o d Bubble m e m o r i e s Bulk d e n s i t y Calcium p h o s p h a t e r i p e n i n g Calcium sulfide p h o s p h o r Calculation of energy bands Calculation of Frenkel pairs Calculation of S c h o t t k y pairs Candela- definition Cathode ray tubes Cation choices- p h o s p h o r s Cation sub-lattice Cation vacancies Ce and Y fractions Cell 2 e x a m p l e Celsius Changes of state Charge c o m p e n s a t i o n Charge c o m p e n s a t i o n Charge c o m p e n s a t i o n Charge transfer orbitals Charge transfer states Chemical vapor d e p o s i t i o n Chroma Chromaticity coordinates,x,y,z CIE chromaticity diagram CIE MacAdam s y s t e m - 1964 Clausius-Clapeyron equation Color AM-IX~D p h o s p h o r s Color AM-I~D s t r u c t u r e Color c e n t e r
703 299 359 364 367 18 88 62 227 171 64 370 72 72 525 615 457 46 48 556 79 5 1 40 47 106 460 585 641 523 532 533 551 204 681 680 52
704 Color center band m o d e l Color Comparator Color i n s t r u m e n t Color matching Color m e a s u r e m e n t Color mixing-subtractive Color phosphor triads Color registration Color spaces Color TV- c u r r e n t p h o s p h o r s Color- lever p r i n c i p l e Color-emissive & reflective Commercial CRT p h o s p h o r s Commercial lamp p h o s p h o r s Computer m o n i t o r s Copy machine p h o s p h o r s Copying m a c h i n e s Cr3+ in ruby CRT fiat faceplate Crucible compositions Cryopumps Crystal field splitting rules Crystal freezing- incipient Crystal growth and shape Crystal s t o i c h i o m e t r y Cube Cumulative Frequency plot Czochralski automatic system Czochralski crystal defects Czochralski crystal rotation Czochralski heat flows Czochralski interface angle Czochralski m e t h o d Czochralski operation Czochralski p a r a m e t e r s Czochralski pulling apparatus
Subject index 384 527 536 542 520 544 504 616 543 622 542 541 501 514 630 683 683 450 618 273 640 581 302 225 319 9 244 289 283 286 285 281 276 281 279 284
Czochralski rotation Daylight defined Daylight p h o s p h o r s Decay times Decay times- p h o s p h o r s Defect disorder- AgBr Defect equation Defect equations Defect equilibria Defect free energy, Gd
281 529 398 397 409 100 40 53 73 70
Defect pairs Defect pairs Defect solid Defect t h e r m o d y n a m i c s Defect-free single crystal Si Degrees of f r e e d o m Density of states Differential Thermal Analysis Diffusion by small cations Diffusion controlled mixtures Diode displays- organic Diode laser arrays Diode laser c o n s t r u c t i o n Diode laser power output Diode laser p r o g r e s s Diode lasers Diode lasers-medical uses Diode l a s e r s - q u a n t u m well Dipole m o m e n t s DSC and boiling points DSC block DSC uses DTA applications DTA heating rates DTA of glass points DTA p a r a m e t e r s
80 106 30 68 322 1 401 184 146 159 667 662 660 666 665 659 667 664 425 204 198 203 2O0 191 203 188
Subject index DTA t h e r m o c o u p l e 187 Dy3+ energy levels- % SIM 572 Dynamic TGA 208 Dystectic crystal composition 3 2 0 Edge defined crystal g r o w t h 3 0 6 Edge dislocation 33 Effluent gas analysis 209 Einstein coefficients 422 EL displays 674 Electric m o m e n t 433 Electromagnetic s p e c t r u m 358 Electron as particle of m a t t e r 3 5 0 Electron b e a m d e p o s i t i o n 645 Electron losses in a solid 405 Electron r es tr ict ed e n e r g y 361 Electron-gun components 503 Electronic devices- thin film 6 3 8 Embryo 125 Embryo mo tio n e n e r g y 127 Emittance & reflectance 526 Endothermic-exothermic 184 Energy b a n d m o d e l s 20 Energy b a n d m o d e l s 369 Energy transfer overlap 433 Energy transfer- spacial 436 Energy transfer-critical radii 4 3 9 Energy t r a n s f e r - s p i n c o u p l i n g 4 4 0 Energy transition m o m e n t s 424 E n t r o p y change- ASvib. 69 ErPO4 reflectance s p e c t r u m 5 7 8 Evaporation Ewald a n d Ewald Spher e Ewald c o n s t r u c t i o n Excess cations in p h o s p h o r s Exchange p r o c e s s Excitation s o u r c e s - p h o s p h o r s
641 17 376 483 595 405
705
F-center: NaCI Fahrenheit FED outdoor display FED p h o s p h o r s Feret's d i a m e t e r Fermi surface in solids Fick's first law Field emission display (FED) Firing a t m o s p h e r e Fluorescent lamp s i z e s - 2 0 0 3 Flying spot s c a n n e r Forced dipole selection rules Forced-electric-dipole Fractional p a r e n t a g e Franck-Condon principle Free electron e n e r g y F r e e m a n & Carroll m e t h o d Frenkel defects Frenkel- T h e r m a l origin Frequency Plot Fresnel's equation Furnace d e s i g n Furnace elements- non air Furnace insulation | reciprocal lattice v e c t o r
53 5 651 650 231 364 137 648 493 625 632 576 575 568 400 361 215 48 68 244 356 269 271
Miller i n d i c e s Gaussian PSD Ge:As energy b a n d m o d e l s Getter p u m p s G i b b s - T h o m p s o n equation Grain b o u n d a r i e s Grain g r o w t h G r o u n d state energy G r o u n d state p e r t u r b a t i o n Hamiltonian operator Hancock & Sharp m e t h o d
374 235 384 640 126 176 174 401 454 370 143
270 372
706
Subject index
Hartree-FSk m e t h o d Heat capacity Heat exchanger m e t h o d Heat- definition Heating e l e m e n t s HEM apparatus HEM apparatus for C a F 2
359 6 303 6 269 303 304
Heterogeneous solids Heterotype s y s t e m HID & Triband ~ p s HID lamps Hierarchy- crystal systems Histogram Homogeneous nucleation Homotype impurity system Hooke's law Hopping m e c h a n i s m Hopping motions Host choices Host s t r u c t u r e HPMV lamp HPMV lamp p h o s p h o r s Human eye HUYGHEN'S p r i n c i p l e Hydrothermal g r o w t h - q u a r t z Hydrothermal p a r a m e t e r s Illuminant C Image intensifier tube Impurity effects Impurity leveling effect Impurity leveling factor Infra-red converting Interfacial e n e r g y Intermed. coupling diagram Internal heat Interstitial atoms
45 56 626 623 21 244 167 56 389 119 139 456 493 513 515 521 351 330 333 529 636 107 309 312 596 165 57O 8 72
Intrinsic defect b a n d models Intrinsic defects Ion b e a m deposition Ionization of defects Isothermal TGA JEDEC & RE CRT phosphors JEDEC phosphor types JEDEC p h o s p h o r s J u m p frequency Kelvin Kirchendall effect Kubela and Monk equation Kyropoulos m e t h o d L-S coupling Lamp phosphors-specialty Lamps- 32T6 p e r f o r m a n c e Lamps- F32T5 p e r f o r m a n c e Lamps- micro-wave energy Lanthanide configurations Lanthanide c h e m i s t r y Lanthanide coupling s c h e m e Lanthanide electron shells Lanthanide energy states Lanthanide free-ion approach Lanthanide history Lanthanide J-levels Lanthanide levels possible Lanthanide ores ~ t h a n i d e salt solubility Lanthanide spectra- factors Lanthanides- 5d states Lanthanides- p r o c e s s Lanthanides-relative intensity Laser crystals Laser energy losses Laser slope efficiency
386 75 644 85 208 510 510 507 138 6 141 356 30O 414 515 626 627 627 560 554 564 559 561 582 552 563 561 555 555 576 585 557 584 290 609 609
Subject index Laser- 3 level Lattice p o i n t s Lattice- u nit-vec tors Laue e q u a t i o n s Laue e q u a t i o n s LED c o n s t r u c t i o n LED f o r m u l a LED p r o g r e s s LED- p h o s p h o r s in use LED-commercial applications LED-inverted pyramid Light i n t e n s i t y Light i n t e r a c t i o n in solids Light- p a r t i c l e n a t u r e Light- wave n a t u r e Line d e f e c t Liquid crystal t y p e s Lithium niobate Log n o r m a l probability p l o t Log n o r m a l PSD t y p e s Long d e c a y p h o s p h o r s LPMV line e m i t t e r s Luminescence killers Luminescent center Luminosity 524 M-center MacAdam- MPD s t e p s M a r k e t p e n e t r a t i o n - displays Martin's d i a m e t e r McLeod g a u g e M e c h a n i c a l film d e p o s i t i o n Melt g r o w t h p a r a m e t e r s M e r c u r y diffusion p u m p s
612 13 14 26 375 656 656 653 659 659 658 526 353 347 346 34 677 6O 246 248 701 516 469 402 54 548 682 231 639 642 274
Metal e l e m e n t s t r u c t u r e Metal halide l a m p
639 I0 624
Migrating c h a r g e d vacancy
163
707
619 14 Miller i n d i c e s 5 4 9 Min. P e r c e p t u a l Differences Mismatched energy exchange 443 573 Mixed s t a t e s 575 Mixed s t a t e s of Dy3+ Milestones in CRT g u n s
Molar extinction coefficient Molecular orbitals Molten flux m e t h o d Molten flux p a r a m e t e r s M u l t i p h o n o n rate e q u a t i o n s Multiphonon relaxation MULTIPOLAR selection r u l e s Multipole i n t e r a c t i o n s Multipole t y p e s Munsell color t r e e Munsell- h u e , c h r o m a & value MX s defect equilibria MXs d e f e c t s
355 417 328 329 590 588 431 421 416 544 544 78 76
NaI:TI § s c i n t i l l a t o r
696
Nanotechnology & purity N a t u r e of l i g h t Neon signs N o n - s t o i c h i o m e t r y factor, 5 N o n - s t o i c h i o m e t r i c MXs+8
109 345 690 82 88
Nucleation of p a r t i c l e s
122
Nucleation r a t e s Nucleation- s h a p e factor Nucleation-random Nuclei & p h a s e b o u n d a r y Nuclei a n d s i n t e r i n g Nuclei formation a n d g r o w t h
122 132 125 127 179 131
Octahedron Oil diffusion p u m p s OLED c o n s t r u c t i o n OLED d e v i c e s
9 640 670 668
708
Subject index
OLED devices and p h o s p h o r s OLED displays OLED displays-design OLED prerequisites Optical formulas-solids Organic p h o s p h o r s Oscillator s t r e n g t h s Oscilloscopes Ostwald r i p e n i n g Outdoor displays- CRT Parabolic law of diffusion Particle Assemblages Particle counting i n s t r u m e n t Particle growth limits Particle in a box Particle m e a n size Particle orientation Particle packing densities Particle p r o p e r t i e s Particle ranges Particle shapes Particle size p a r a m e t e r s Particle size ranges Particle sizes in Nature Particles by microscope PDP panel Phase boundary Phase transformations Phonon acoustical and optical Phonon branches in solids Phonon elastic waves Phonon emission in YVO4
673 672 668 669 352 417 428 630 170 651 134 226 232 248 370 234 230 227 223 219 224 237 221 233 228 686 117 115 394 394 388 593
Phonon p r o c e s s e s - p h o s p h o r s Phonon resonant vibrations Phonon vibrational m o d e s Phosphor band shapes
444 359 394 411
Phosphor coupling processes Phosphor d e p e n d e n t variable Phosphor energy bands Phosphor energy dissipation Phosphor energy processes Phosphor firing cycle Phosphor luminescent center Phosphor m e t h o d s Phosphor notation Phosphor p a r a m e t e r s Phosphor preparation steps Phosphor size and mass Phosphor t e r m s Phosphors for projection TV Phosphors for Storage tubes Phosphors- flying spot Phosphors-image intensifiers Phosphor energy dissipation Photon as force-carrier Photon emission from solids Photon energy transfer Photon interaction in solids Photon interactions in solids Photopic & Scotopic vision Piezoelectricity Plane spacing Plaque t e s t e r Plasma discharge Plasma display construction Point defects Point defects- homogenous Point group s y m m e t r i e s Polystructures Polythiophene emission Polytypes Pore growth
436 486 403 399 398 488 447 499 407 480 486 492 397 622 631 633 637 419 350 387 357 356 353 523 334 28 517 685 686 31 42 24 326 672 326 172
Subject index Potential energy d i a g r a m Powder Diffraction File Precipitation m e c h a n i s m s Probability of e m i s s i o n Projection TV Propagation m o d e l s PSD by A n d r e a s e n p i p e t t e PSD by BET m e t h o d PSD by Coulter Counter PSD by gas ad s or pt i on PSD by laser diffractometry PSD by permeability PSD by s e d i m e n t a t i o n PSD calculations PSD in I n d u s t r y PSD- bimodal types PSD- growth l i m i t e d Pyrophosphate p h o s p h o r s Quantum efficiency Quantum efficiency Quartz AT and BT cuts Quartz r e s o n a t o r s - w a t c h e s Quartz t w i n n i n g Quartz vibrational m o d e s Quartz-microbalance Racah o p e r a t o r s Radar p h o s p h o r s Radiation s c a t t e r i n g Radiative t r a n s f e r Radiofrequency g e n e r a t o r s R a n d o m nucleation Rankine Rayleigh scattering in air Reciprocal lattice Reciprocal lattice Reciprocal lattice wave Eq.
709
400 26 169 426 621 8 260 266 261 266 264 266 258 254 252 251 247 495 408 52O 336 335 324 337 338 567 635 352 432 279
Resonance ex.- definitions Resonance e x c h a n g e R e sonant energy t r a n s f e r Roentgen Rotational s y m m e t r y Rotational synm~etry axes Rules for p h o s p h o r desi gn RusseU-Saunders t e r m s Scanning calorimetry S c h o t t k y - T h e r m a l origin S c h o t t k y defect s S c h r o e d i n g e r equation Scintillator m e c h a n i s m s Scintillator p h o s p h o r s Scintillator uses Scintillators Screen sizes- s t a n d a r d Screw dislocation Seebeck effect Seed crystal Seed crystal by crucible Seive m e t h o d - PSD Selection rules Self i nt erst i t i al Serf-activated p h o s p h o r s S e m i c o n d u c t i n g Lasers Sensitized l u m i n e s c e n c e Sensitizers- activators Shape p a r a m e t e r s Silicate diffusion
130 6 351 16 360 378
Silicate p h o s p h o r s 161 323 Silicon boule defects 291 Single crystal growth rate Single crystal vapor m e t h o d s 3 4 0 Sintering equation 178 Sintering m e c h a n i s m s 182
433 433 419 12 21 15 464 414 198 68 48 370 697 700 699 697 220 35 185 275 276 239 416 4O 459 661 435 463 224 153
710
Subject index
Sintering of a g g r e g a t e s Sintering of p a r t i c l e s Slater d e t e r m i n a n t s Slater integrals- F values Solid state l a s e r s Solid state r a t e e q u a t i o n s Solid state r a t e p r o c e s s e s Solid state r e a c t i o n s Space g r o u p s - 2 3 1 Spectrofluorimeter Spectroscopic notation S p e e d of l i g h t Spin e x c h a n g e S p i n - o r b i t & c r y s t a l field Spinel Spinel p h o s p h o r s Sputtering S t a c k e d CRTs S t a c k i n g faults in c r y s t a l s
174 172 566 566 607 214 211 116 20 519 413 348 440 571 145 147 643 620 324
Stacking sequences-crystals S t a n d a r d deviations, o
325 235
Standard Observer S t a r k states- e x p e r i m e n t a l Statistical M e c h a n i c s Std. I l l u m i n a t i n g s o u r c e s Stimulated emission S t o i c h i o m e t r i c MXs
526 577 65 530 607 87
S t o k e s law Stokes process S t o k e s shift
244 398 403
Super-cooled melt 301 Surface a n d volume n u c l e a t i o n 123 S y m m e t r y e l e m e n t s of a c u b e 15 Tarnishing 133 Temperature broadening 478 Temperature quenching 474
Tetrahedron TFT-LCD c o n s t r u c t i o n TFT-LCD pixels TGA analysis TGA p a r a m e t e r s TGA w a t e r t y p e s TGA-solid state r e a c t i o n s The plane n e t The S t a n d a r d O b s e r v e r Thermocouples- common T h e r m o g r a v i m e t r i c analysis Thermolum. phosphor Thermometer T h e r m o m e t r i c f'Lxed p o i n t s T h i n film t e c h n i q u e s T h i n film t e c h n o l o g y Thomaschek Time frame in p h o s p h o r s TiO e x a m p l e
9 678 680 208 206 209 210 49 522 186 205
Vacancy V a c u u m f l u o r e s c e n t display Vacuum forepump Vacuum pumps V a c u u m UV g e n e r a t i o n Vapor growth p a r a m e t e r s
32 645 640 639
485 5 195
639 637 584 404 79 14 Translation vector Tri-color PDP p h o s p h o r s 690 T r i b a n d p h o s p h o r s - 2003 626 T r i s t i m u l o u s r e s p o n s e , ~,-q,~ 5 3 2 T r i s t i m u l o u s values, X,Y,Z 532 Types of d e f e c t s 41 Unit cell 14 Unit cell v o l u m e 14 Up-conversion phosphors 595 US s t a n d a r d seive sizes 238 Use of a flux 500
685 341
Subject index Vegard's law Verneufl m e t h o d Verneuil p a r a m e t e r s VFD p h o s p h o r s Vibronic coupling Vibronic spectrum- YVO4:Eu
464 315 318 647 401 589
Volume defect Volume of domains Volume sintering Von Laue VUV p h o s p h o r s VUV Plaque T e s t e r William Henry Bragg X-Ray Detection p h o s p h o r s X-ray image tube X-ray image tube p h o s p h o r s
35 131 177 12 689 688 12 695 694 695
X-ray intensifying p h o s p h o r s X-ray intensifying s c r e e n s X-ray p h o s p h o r attributes X-ray s u m m a r y Xerographic p r o c e s s YAG:Nd crystal g r o w t h Zero phonon m o d e Zero phonon m o d e Zero vibronic coupling ZnCdS2:Ag p h o s p h o r s
711
693 691 692 382 683 292 138 402 412 506 ZnO- defect reactions 465 ZnS bandgap 467 ZnS:Ag charge-compensation 4 6 7 ZnS:Ag defect reactions 467 Zone m e l t i n g 307 Zone refining of crystals 308