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screen cephalograms: a comparative study
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Volume 122, Number 1
age phosphor [PSP]) were obtained for 30 patients. Three observers for the indirect and 1 observer for the direct DIs identified 17 and 22 landmarks, respectively, on the computer monitor. X and y coordinates were recorded, and cephalometric measurements were calculated. Statistical analysis included paired-sample t tests and ANOVA models. The results showed that indirect DIs have equivalent landmark reproducibility with conventional film. JPEG compression of indirect DIs at the 25:1 level results in loss of accuracy of cephalometric measurements compared with noncompressed DIs, but JPEG at 12:1 did not. Direct DIs were less accurate for 8 of 21 landmarks, but clinical accuracy of cephalometric measurements was equivalent to conventional film. 0889-5406/2002/$35.00 ⫹ 0 8/3/125571 doi:10.1067/mod.2002.125571 Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:117-20 Copyright © 2002 by the American Association of Orthodontists.
Article Reviews
Characteristics of digital cephalograms and film/screen cephalograms: a comparative study N. Demura, Y. Tsurusako, and N. Segami World Journal of Orthodontics 2001;2:350-5
The cephalogram has long been an important diagnostic procedure in orthodontic practice. The digital cephalogram (cephalogram using the computed radiography system) is increasing in popularity in hospitals, clinics, and private practices because many landmarks are easier to observe on digital than on conventional film/screen cephalograms. The study was conducted to assess the visual and physical characteristics of the digital cephalogram and the film/screen cephalogram. Twenty lateral cephalograms from 10 orthodontic patients were compared by using these 2 methods. In the visual test, the digital cephalogram fared much better than the film/screen cephalogram (visual test and receiver operating characteristic curves). On the other hand, the physical characteristics of the film/screen cephalogram were better, and the grain size of the latter image was higher. But because grain size and resolution are not strongly related to identification of cephalometric landmarks, the digital cephalogram was judged to be better overall because of the ability to precisely identify landmarks compared with the film/screen cephalogram. According to the authors, routine use of digital cephalometry is justified. Alex Jacobson 0889-5406/2002/$35.00 ⫹ 0 8/8/125961 doi:10.1067/mod.2002.125961 Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:117-20 Copyright © 2002 by the American Association of Orthodontists.
Reviews and Abstracts 119
Maxillary morphology in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome B. H. Seto, H. Gotsopoulos, M. R. Sims, and P. A. Cistulli European Journal of Orthodontics 2001;23:703-14
Among the craniofacial abnormalities thought to be associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is maxillary constriction. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that maxillary morphology differs between OSA patients and nonsnoring, nonapneic subjects. A sample of 36 male and 4 female patients with varying degrees of sleep apnea was compared with a control group of 18 male and 3 female nonsnoring, nonapneic persons. An intraoral assessment of the occlusion was conducted with particular reference to the presence or absence of transverse discrepancies. Traditional dental arch-width measurements were made on dental casts, and palatal height and maxillary depth were similarly measured. Standard anteroposterior cephalometric radiographs were used to assess maxillary-to-mandibular–width and maxillary-to-facial–width ratios. Twenty (50%) of the OSA patients were shown to have posterior transverse discrepancies compared with only 5% of the control subjects. All OSA patients had significantly reduced intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar dimensions. Maxillary depth was likewise shorter, but there was no difference in palatal height between the 2 groups. Maxillaryto-mandibular–width and maxillary-to-facial–width ratios were smaller in the OSA patients. Similarly, their arches tended to be narrower, more tapered, and shorter than those of the nonsnoring, nonapneic subjects. The authors conclude that maxillary constriction might play an important role in the development of OSA and have therapeutic implications. Alex Jacobson 0889-5406/2002/$35.00 ⫹ 0 8/8/125962 doi:10.1067/mod.2002.125962 Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:117-20 Copyright © 2002 by the American Association of Orthodontists.
Orthodontic aspects of the use of oral implants in adolescents: a 10-year follow-up study ¨ dman, and U. Lekhulm B. Thilander, J. O European Journal of Orthodontics 2001;23:715-31
The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effects of implants placed in different areas of the mouth in adolescents. The sample comprised 15 patients from 13 to 17 years of age. A total of 47 implants were placed in various regions of the mouth. In all subjects, all existing permanent teeth had erupted, with the exception of the third molars. The patients were followed for a 10-year period, annually for the first 4 years and every other year thereafter. There were no implant losses during the period, with a good-to-acceptable esthetic result in most patients. The results of this study show that age is not necessarily
age phosphor [PSP]) were obtained for 30 patients. Three observers for the indirect and 1 observer for the direct DIs identified 17 and 22 landmarks, respectively, on the computer monitor. X and y coordinates were recorded, and cephalometric measurements were calculated. Statistical analysis included paired-sample t tests and ANOVA models. The results showed that indirect DIs have equivalent landmark reproducibility with conventional film. JPEG compression of indirect DIs at the 25:1 level results in loss of accuracy of cephalometric measurements compared with noncompressed DIs, but JPEG at 12:1 did not. Direct DIs were less accurate for 8 of 21 landmarks, but clinical accuracy of cephalometric measurements was equivalent to conventional film. 0889-5406/2002/$35.00 ⫹ 0 8/3/125571 doi:10.1067/mod.2002.125571 Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:117-20 Copyright © 2002 by the American Association of Orthodontists.
Article Reviews
Characteristics of digital cephalograms and film/screen cephalograms: a comparative study N. Demura, Y. Tsurusako, and N. Segami World Journal of Orthodontics 2001;2:350-5
The cephalogram has long been an important diagnostic procedure in orthodontic practice. The digital cephalogram (cephalogram using the computed radiography system) is increasing in popularity in hospitals, clinics, and private practices because many landmarks are easier to observe on digital than on conventional film/screen cephalograms. The study was conducted to assess the visual and physical characteristics of the digital cephalogram and the film/screen cephalogram. Twenty lateral cephalograms from 10 orthodontic patients were compared by using these 2 methods. In the visual test, the digital cephalogram fared much better than the film/screen cephalogram (visual test and receiver operating characteristic curves). On the other hand, the physical characteristics of the film/screen cephalogram were better, and the grain size of the latter image was higher. But because grain size and resolution are not strongly related to identification of cephalometric landmarks, the digital cephalogram was judged to be better overall because of the ability to precisely identify landmarks compared with the film/screen cephalogram. According to the authors, routine use of digital cephalometry is justified. Alex Jacobson 0889-5406/2002/$35.00 ⫹ 0 8/8/125961 doi:10.1067/mod.2002.125961 Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:117-20 Copyright © 2002 by the American Association of Orthodontists.
Reviews and Abstracts 119
Maxillary morphology in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome B. H. Seto, H. Gotsopoulos, M. R. Sims, and P. A. Cistulli European Journal of Orthodontics 2001;23:703-14
Among the craniofacial abnormalities thought to be associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is maxillary constriction. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that maxillary morphology differs between OSA patients and nonsnoring, nonapneic subjects. A sample of 36 male and 4 female patients with varying degrees of sleep apnea was compared with a control group of 18 male and 3 female nonsnoring, nonapneic persons. An intraoral assessment of the occlusion was conducted with particular reference to the presence or absence of transverse discrepancies. Traditional dental arch-width measurements were made on dental casts, and palatal height and maxillary depth were similarly measured. Standard anteroposterior cephalometric radiographs were used to assess maxillary-to-mandibular–width and maxillary-to-facial–width ratios. Twenty (50%) of the OSA patients were shown to have posterior transverse discrepancies compared with only 5% of the control subjects. All OSA patients had significantly reduced intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar dimensions. Maxillary depth was likewise shorter, but there was no difference in palatal height between the 2 groups. Maxillaryto-mandibular–width and maxillary-to-facial–width ratios were smaller in the OSA patients. Similarly, their arches tended to be narrower, more tapered, and shorter than those of the nonsnoring, nonapneic subjects. The authors conclude that maxillary constriction might play an important role in the development of OSA and have therapeutic implications. Alex Jacobson 0889-5406/2002/$35.00 ⫹ 0 8/8/125962 doi:10.1067/mod.2002.125962 Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:117-20 Copyright © 2002 by the American Association of Orthodontists.
Orthodontic aspects of the use of oral implants in adolescents: a 10-year follow-up study ¨ dman, and U. Lekhulm B. Thilander, J. O European Journal of Orthodontics 2001;23:715-31
The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effects of implants placed in different areas of the mouth in adolescents. The sample comprised 15 patients from 13 to 17 years of age. A total of 47 implants were placed in various regions of the mouth. In all subjects, all existing permanent teeth had erupted, with the exception of the third molars. The patients were followed for a 10-year period, annually for the first 4 years and every other year thereafter. There were no implant losses during the period, with a good-to-acceptable esthetic result in most patients. The results of this study show that age is not necessarily