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Characterization of cortical dopaminergic stimulation using three-dimensional brain electrical activity mapping in healthy volunteers
Basic and Clinical Studies BIOL PSYCHIATRY 1990;27:41A- 179A
71A
and are referred to as responders. Four demonstrated less than 20% improvement in BPRS and are referred to as nonresponder,:. Responders demonstrated a greater increase in alpha power than nonresponders after clozapine treatment (ANOVA FL6 = 50.58, p = 0.0004). A strong correlation between the change in BPRS score and the change in harmonic EEG power under the driving condition was observed after treatment (r = 0.77, p < 0.03). No significant correlations between change in BPRS or change in alpha and serum clozap~ne correlations were determined, suggesting that the improvement in alpha was :~ot a simple drug effect.
69
MATERNAL GENETIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO CSF MONOAMINES IN THE RHESUS MACAQUE J.D. Higley, Ph.D., D. Goldman, M.D., M. Champoux, Ph.D., M.F. Hasert, S.J. Suomi, Ph.D., M. Linnoila, M.D., Ph.D. Laboratories of Clinical Studies, NIAAA and Comparative Ethnology, NICHD, Bethesda, MD, 20892. Recent studies have shown that CSF-monoamine (CSFMA) concentrations vary across individuals in a traitlike fashion. We reported last year that this is in part a result of paternal genetic contributions. This report investigates maternal genetic and environmental contributions to infants' CSFMA. Twenty-five rhesus monkeys were fostered to unrelated females immediately after birth. At 6 months of age, they underwent a series of four 4 day social separations. Before, during the first and fourth separations, alJd 2 weeks after, CSF was obtained by means of cisternal puncture. When infants' CSFMA were correlated with both foster and biological mothers' CSFMA, substantial genetic influences (h2 > 0.5) were demonstrated for MHPG, 5-HIAA, and HVA. CSFMA in adoptive mothers were unrelated to those in infants. By use of hierarchical multiple regression, each of the three metabolites was separately evaluated. The independent variables were the four maternal values ~'preseparation, first, and fourth separations, and postseparation) for the CSFMA being analyzed, and the dependent variable was the infant's mean value for the CSFMA being analyzed While adoptive mothers L:mtributed only 10% of total variances in CSFMA, approximately 50% of the variance in infants' mean MHPG and 5-HIAA were accounted for by the biological mothers' 4 values.
70
CHARACTERIZATION OF CORTICAL DOPAMINERGIC STIMULATION USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL BRAIN ELECTRICAL ACIIVITY MAPPING IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS R. Luthringer, R. Minot, M. Toussaint and J.P. Macher Centre Hospi:alier Sp~cialis~, 68250 Rouffach, France. In this study we used three-dimensional brain electrical activity mapping (3DEEG) to assess the EEGinduced modifications after a cortical dopaminergic stimulation. Eight male healthy volunteers receiving a single dose of apomorphine (0.75 mg SQ) we~ recorded over a kinetic of 150 mih. '~,aee rain EEG ~t rest (REEG) as well as 3 min vigilance-controlled EEG (VCEEG) were carried out every 30 min in eyes closed conditions. AF•morphine plasma concentration and OSGOOD-modified "polarity profile questionnaire" were also quantified. Three-dimensional conical activity maps were perfomled using 28 scalp leads and 4 artifac~ leads. Spectral analysis was performed by a conventional fast Fourier Transform algorithn~. 'File resulting spectrum was brol en down into the classical EEG frequency bands to allow further data treatw ent. Significance probability mapp~.ng (SPM) was used for statistical comparison'between the maps. Threedimensional topographic images have shown a significant increase in alpha waves over the prefrontal are~,s, together with a beta increase over most areas of the brain. These findings are consistent with a central dopaminergic effect and ~lso a sedative effect of apomorphine. In addition the a',pha increase was over the prefrontal areas, which are the location of afferent dopaminergic neurons. These r:~sults may provide insight into the components of cortical network that are disturbed in some psychiatric disorders.
71A
and are referred to as responders. Four demonstrated less than 20% improvement in BPRS and are referred to as nonresponder,:. Responders demonstrated a greater increase in alpha power than nonresponders after clozapine treatment (ANOVA FL6 = 50.58, p = 0.0004). A strong correlation between the change in BPRS score and the change in harmonic EEG power under the driving condition was observed after treatment (r = 0.77, p < 0.03). No significant correlations between change in BPRS or change in alpha and serum clozap~ne correlations were determined, suggesting that the improvement in alpha was :~ot a simple drug effect.
69
MATERNAL GENETIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO CSF MONOAMINES IN THE RHESUS MACAQUE J.D. Higley, Ph.D., D. Goldman, M.D., M. Champoux, Ph.D., M.F. Hasert, S.J. Suomi, Ph.D., M. Linnoila, M.D., Ph.D. Laboratories of Clinical Studies, NIAAA and Comparative Ethnology, NICHD, Bethesda, MD, 20892. Recent studies have shown that CSF-monoamine (CSFMA) concentrations vary across individuals in a traitlike fashion. We reported last year that this is in part a result of paternal genetic contributions. This report investigates maternal genetic and environmental contributions to infants' CSFMA. Twenty-five rhesus monkeys were fostered to unrelated females immediately after birth. At 6 months of age, they underwent a series of four 4 day social separations. Before, during the first and fourth separations, alJd 2 weeks after, CSF was obtained by means of cisternal puncture. When infants' CSFMA were correlated with both foster and biological mothers' CSFMA, substantial genetic influences (h2 > 0.5) were demonstrated for MHPG, 5-HIAA, and HVA. CSFMA in adoptive mothers were unrelated to those in infants. By use of hierarchical multiple regression, each of the three metabolites was separately evaluated. The independent variables were the four maternal values ~'preseparation, first, and fourth separations, and postseparation) for the CSFMA being analyzed, and the dependent variable was the infant's mean value for the CSFMA being analyzed While adoptive mothers L:mtributed only 10% of total variances in CSFMA, approximately 50% of the variance in infants' mean MHPG and 5-HIAA were accounted for by the biological mothers' 4 values.
70
CHARACTERIZATION OF CORTICAL DOPAMINERGIC STIMULATION USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL BRAIN ELECTRICAL ACIIVITY MAPPING IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS R. Luthringer, R. Minot, M. Toussaint and J.P. Macher Centre Hospi:alier Sp~cialis~, 68250 Rouffach, France. In this study we used three-dimensional brain electrical activity mapping (3DEEG) to assess the EEGinduced modifications after a cortical dopaminergic stimulation. Eight male healthy volunteers receiving a single dose of apomorphine (0.75 mg SQ) we~ recorded over a kinetic of 150 mih. '~,aee rain EEG ~t rest (REEG) as well as 3 min vigilance-controlled EEG (VCEEG) were carried out every 30 min in eyes closed conditions. AF•morphine plasma concentration and OSGOOD-modified "polarity profile questionnaire" were also quantified. Three-dimensional conical activity maps were perfomled using 28 scalp leads and 4 artifac~ leads. Spectral analysis was performed by a conventional fast Fourier Transform algorithn~. 'File resulting spectrum was brol en down into the classical EEG frequency bands to allow further data treatw ent. Significance probability mapp~.ng (SPM) was used for statistical comparison'between the maps. Threedimensional topographic images have shown a significant increase in alpha waves over the prefrontal are~,s, together with a beta increase over most areas of the brain. These findings are consistent with a central dopaminergic effect and ~lso a sedative effect of apomorphine. In addition the a',pha increase was over the prefrontal areas, which are the location of afferent dopaminergic neurons. These r:~sults may provide insight into the components of cortical network that are disturbed in some psychiatric disorders.