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Characterization of metabolic syndrome in PLIC cohort
e14 commonly present in CONTROL and PRO animals, were sporadic in KRILL OIL+PRO and KRILL OIL mice (p<0.005). The presence of krill oil or krill proteins in the diets significantly inhibited atherosclerosis development in the aorta, whereas, at the aortic sinus, a significant reduction in lesion area was only observed in KRILL OIL mice compared with CONTROL (-22.6%, p<0.05). Krill oil containing diets strongly modified the fatty acid composition of aortic plaques and affected the expression of several genes involved in lipid metabolism. Moreover, krill proteins seem to exert a moderate anti-inflammatory effect. Altogether, the results indicate krill oil as the most active component of krill, being able to reduce cholesterol levels, inhibit plaque development and prevent liver damage. Krill proteins appear to exert a moderate effect on atherosclerosis development. CHARACTERIZATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PLIC COHORT L. Chiodo 1, M. Casula 1, A.L. Catapano 1, 4, A. Baragetti 2, 3, K. Garlaschelli 3, L. Grigore 3, E. Loggia 1, G.D. Norata 2, 3, F. Pellegatta 3, L. Redaelli 3, C. Tidone 3, A. Tincani 3, E. Tragni 1. 1 Centro di Epidemiologia e Farmacologia Preventiva (SEFAP), Dipartimento di degli Studi di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universita Milano, Italy; 2 Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, degli Studi di Milano, Italy; 3 Centro per lo Studio Universita dell'Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Via Gorki 50, Cinisello Balsamo, MI, Italy; 4 IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, MI, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (L. Chiodo).
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is considered a “cluster” of risk factors (hypertension, visceral obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, atherogenic dyslipidemia) that occur simultaneously in the individuals and results in increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MetS and its determinants in a cohort of healthy Italian adults, evaluating their temporal trends. Methods: We selected the study sample from PLIC cohort. PLIC (studio sulla Progressione delle Lesioni Intimali Carotidee) is a single-centre, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study of subjects enrolled on a voluntary basis in 1998-2000 and followed for 11 years on average. These analyses were performed on subjects with all visits completed. The prevalence of MetS was defined by the harmonized definition of previous criteria (IDF, NHLBI, AHA, ATP-III). According to this definition, a diagnosis of the MetS is made when any 3 of the 5 following risk factors are present: waist circumference >102 cm in men and 88 cm in women; elevated triglycerides (TGs), defined as 150 mg/ dL or fibrate therapy; decreased HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), defined as 100 mg/dL, or hypoglycemic therapy. Prevalence was determined for each of the four planned visits. Results: The sample included 1445 patients, of which 21.6% (24.3% M; F 19.7%) suffered from MetS at baseline. The prevalence increased during the study, reaching 25.2% in visit 4. The prevalence of MetS was higher in men than in women in all visits. Stratifying by age, we observed a higher prevalence of MetS in the age group 65 years (V1 29.2%), followed by those aged 40-64 years (V1 22.6%). In each visit, the most prevalent determinant was BP higher than the cut-off (95.5% in MetS patients at baseline; 69.3% in the total sample). MetS patients with glucose values higher than the cut-off increased during the study, from 52.6% at baseline (18.8% in the total sample), reaching 77,2% at visit 4 (30.6% in the total sample); the same trend was evident for waist circumference, while the prevalence of determinants related to HDL-c and TGs decreased during the visits. Conclusions: The high prevalence of subject with MetS and its increasing trend, should call the attention of health care professionals on the management and prevention of cardiometabolic risk factors which, individually or in combination, can lead to an increased incidence of cardiovascular events, regardless of age. ROLE OF HDL AND URIC ACID IN VASCULAR DAMAGE IN WELL CONTROLLED S. Cicco, A. Giuliano, M. Di Terlizzi, A. Cirulli, A. Vacca, G. Ranieri. Centro Ipertensione Arteriosa, Clinica Medica “G. Baccelli”, Dipartimento di
Abstracts the SISA Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Scuola di Medicina, Universita di Bari, Policlinico, Bari, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Cicco).
Introduction: It is well known that metabolic alteration lead to increase CV risk in hypertensives. Aim of this study was to evaluate the connection between HDL, uric acid and vascular damage. Materials and methods: We evaluated 436 well controlled hypertensives by drugs (198 M; mean age 59,8±9,9 years); 50.4% presented an abdominal obesity; 23,2% were normal weight, 39,9% overweight, 36.9% obese. All patients take drugs to control hypertension, 37,2% statins. No significant difference were found in HDL and uric acid values according to type of drug (ACEi, Angiotensin receptor Blockers, thiazides compared to beta blockers or calcium channel antagonists). Results: HDL results negatively related to Diastolic Arterial Pressure (DAP, p¼0.015), aortic root dimensions (p<0.0001) and Aortic Stiffness Index (ASI, p¼0.0216), but no correlation was found to Systolic PA, Intima-Media Thickness (IMT), percentage of carotid stenosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 10 year risk (ASCVD-10-yr). Negative correlation was also found with uric acid values (p<0.0001). Uric acid was positively correlated with BMI (p<0.0001), abdominal circumferece (AC, p<0.0001), SAP (p¼0.0155), DAP (p¼0.0029) and triglicerids (p¼0.0006), as well as with aortic root dimension (P<0.0001), ASI (p¼0.0002), IMT (p¼0.0145), percentage of carotid stenosis (p¼0.0077) and ASCVD-10-yr (p<0.0001).Patients who are taking statins HDL was still related to aortic root dimensions (p¼0,0009), and inversely to uric acid (p¼0.0219); no correlation was found to ASI. Uric acid in these patients, results correlated to AP values, percentage of carotid stenosis and ASI; moreover a direct correlation persists between uric acid values and BMI (p¼0.05), AC (p¼0.0125), aortic dimensions (p¼0.0002), IMT (p¼0.0141) and ASCVD-10-yr (p¼0.0007). Finally uric acid (but not HDL) results increased during statin therapy. Conclusion: Increased HDL appear to be protective against increasing aortic root dimensions. However its role have to be still evaluated in preventing vessel wall elasticity loss. On the other hand uric acid appears to have a role in this mechanism as suggested by the reduced vessel wall elasticity and increased IMT. The risk in accumulation of vascular damage persists also when statins were taken.These data confirm the relationship between HDL, uric acid and endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: A MARKER OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IN HYPERANDROGENIC PATIENTS G. Cioni a, S. Bucciantini b, F. Pampaloni b, S. Scannerini b, M. Boddi a, V. Bruni a. a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy; b PAG Unit, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy E-mail address: gabriele.cioni@unifi.it (G. Cioni).
Introduction: Overweight and insulin-resistence often associated with Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are reported in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their co-existence can amplify the individual risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Aim of the study: To evaluate by ultrasound the early atherosclerotic morphological and functional damage at common carotid and femoral arteries and NAFLD occurrence in hyperandrogenic PCOS patients. Material and methods: Study population consisted of 39 hyperandrogenic patients and 17 control age-matchetd subjects. The occurrence of traditional CV risk factors was made accordingly with current guidelines; in all principal anthropometric parameters, hormonal pattern, glycidic metabolism (HOMA-IR ,insulin levels), lipid profile, ultrasound assessment for NAFLD evaluation, and intima-mediathickness and pulse wave velocity at common carotids and femoral arteries were investigated. Results: PCOS patients showed a worse CV risk profile than control population. In particular, patients showed higher values of body mass
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is considered a “cluster” of risk factors (hypertension, visceral obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, atherogenic dyslipidemia) that occur simultaneously in the individuals and results in increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MetS and its determinants in a cohort of healthy Italian adults, evaluating their temporal trends. Methods: We selected the study sample from PLIC cohort. PLIC (studio sulla Progressione delle Lesioni Intimali Carotidee) is a single-centre, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study of subjects enrolled on a voluntary basis in 1998-2000 and followed for 11 years on average. These analyses were performed on subjects with all visits completed. The prevalence of MetS was defined by the harmonized definition of previous criteria (IDF, NHLBI, AHA, ATP-III). According to this definition, a diagnosis of the MetS is made when any 3 of the 5 following risk factors are present: waist circumference >102 cm in men and 88 cm in women; elevated triglycerides (TGs), defined as 150 mg/ dL or fibrate therapy; decreased HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), defined as 100 mg/dL, or hypoglycemic therapy. Prevalence was determined for each of the four planned visits. Results: The sample included 1445 patients, of which 21.6% (24.3% M; F 19.7%) suffered from MetS at baseline. The prevalence increased during the study, reaching 25.2% in visit 4. The prevalence of MetS was higher in men than in women in all visits. Stratifying by age, we observed a higher prevalence of MetS in the age group 65 years (V1 29.2%), followed by those aged 40-64 years (V1 22.6%). In each visit, the most prevalent determinant was BP higher than the cut-off (95.5% in MetS patients at baseline; 69.3% in the total sample). MetS patients with glucose values higher than the cut-off increased during the study, from 52.6% at baseline (18.8% in the total sample), reaching 77,2% at visit 4 (30.6% in the total sample); the same trend was evident for waist circumference, while the prevalence of determinants related to HDL-c and TGs decreased during the visits. Conclusions: The high prevalence of subject with MetS and its increasing trend, should call the attention of health care professionals on the management and prevention of cardiometabolic risk factors which, individually or in combination, can lead to an increased incidence of cardiovascular events, regardless of age. ROLE OF HDL AND URIC ACID IN VASCULAR DAMAGE IN WELL CONTROLLED S. Cicco, A. Giuliano, M. Di Terlizzi, A. Cirulli, A. Vacca, G. Ranieri. Centro Ipertensione Arteriosa, Clinica Medica “G. Baccelli”, Dipartimento di
Abstracts the SISA Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Scuola di Medicina, Universita di Bari, Policlinico, Bari, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Cicco).
Introduction: It is well known that metabolic alteration lead to increase CV risk in hypertensives. Aim of this study was to evaluate the connection between HDL, uric acid and vascular damage. Materials and methods: We evaluated 436 well controlled hypertensives by drugs (198 M; mean age 59,8±9,9 years); 50.4% presented an abdominal obesity; 23,2% were normal weight, 39,9% overweight, 36.9% obese. All patients take drugs to control hypertension, 37,2% statins. No significant difference were found in HDL and uric acid values according to type of drug (ACEi, Angiotensin receptor Blockers, thiazides compared to beta blockers or calcium channel antagonists). Results: HDL results negatively related to Diastolic Arterial Pressure (DAP, p¼0.015), aortic root dimensions (p<0.0001) and Aortic Stiffness Index (ASI, p¼0.0216), but no correlation was found to Systolic PA, Intima-Media Thickness (IMT), percentage of carotid stenosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 10 year risk (ASCVD-10-yr). Negative correlation was also found with uric acid values (p<0.0001). Uric acid was positively correlated with BMI (p<0.0001), abdominal circumferece (AC, p<0.0001), SAP (p¼0.0155), DAP (p¼0.0029) and triglicerids (p¼0.0006), as well as with aortic root dimension (P<0.0001), ASI (p¼0.0002), IMT (p¼0.0145), percentage of carotid stenosis (p¼0.0077) and ASCVD-10-yr (p<0.0001).Patients who are taking statins HDL was still related to aortic root dimensions (p¼0,0009), and inversely to uric acid (p¼0.0219); no correlation was found to ASI. Uric acid in these patients, results correlated to AP values, percentage of carotid stenosis and ASI; moreover a direct correlation persists between uric acid values and BMI (p¼0.05), AC (p¼0.0125), aortic dimensions (p¼0.0002), IMT (p¼0.0141) and ASCVD-10-yr (p¼0.0007). Finally uric acid (but not HDL) results increased during statin therapy. Conclusion: Increased HDL appear to be protective against increasing aortic root dimensions. However its role have to be still evaluated in preventing vessel wall elasticity loss. On the other hand uric acid appears to have a role in this mechanism as suggested by the reduced vessel wall elasticity and increased IMT. The risk in accumulation of vascular damage persists also when statins were taken.These data confirm the relationship between HDL, uric acid and endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: A MARKER OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IN HYPERANDROGENIC PATIENTS G. Cioni a, S. Bucciantini b, F. Pampaloni b, S. Scannerini b, M. Boddi a, V. Bruni a. a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy; b PAG Unit, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy E-mail address: gabriele.cioni@unifi.it (G. Cioni).
Introduction: Overweight and insulin-resistence often associated with Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are reported in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their co-existence can amplify the individual risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Aim of the study: To evaluate by ultrasound the early atherosclerotic morphological and functional damage at common carotid and femoral arteries and NAFLD occurrence in hyperandrogenic PCOS patients. Material and methods: Study population consisted of 39 hyperandrogenic patients and 17 control age-matchetd subjects. The occurrence of traditional CV risk factors was made accordingly with current guidelines; in all principal anthropometric parameters, hormonal pattern, glycidic metabolism (HOMA-IR ,insulin levels), lipid profile, ultrasound assessment for NAFLD evaluation, and intima-mediathickness and pulse wave velocity at common carotids and femoral arteries were investigated. Results: PCOS patients showed a worse CV risk profile than control population. In particular, patients showed higher values of body mass