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Childhood abuse is associated with alcohol use outcomes after gender responsive treatment for women in prison
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Abstracts / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 140 (2014) e169–e251
which patients get dependent first. Educational and therapeutic strategies can be utilized to halt progression to other substances. Financial support: Non funded project. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.545 An exploration of childhood experiences among a sample of homeless veterans Sawh 1,2,4 ,
Siegfriedt 1,2,3 ,
Leon J. G. Gonzalez 3 , A. Kline 5,6
D.
Smelson 1,2,3 ,
1 Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial VA, Bedford, MA, United States 2 National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, Bedford, MA, United States 3 University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States 4 University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States 5 VA New Jersey Health Care System, Lyons, NJ, United States 6 University of Medicine and Dentistry-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
Aims: This secondary analysis was conducted to examine childhood experiences among a sample of homeless veterans with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders enrolled in the SAMHSA-funded MISSION treatment study. Methods: A sample of 406 veterans completed a comprehensive intake assessment which included the SCID, ASI, BASIS 32, and GPRA questionnaires. Additionally, a childhood-related risk factor measure was administered to categorize the experiences of veterans during childhood according to mental health/substance use diagnosis, legal status, and housing experiences while growing up. Results: The majority of respondents were male (95%), African American (61%), between the ages of 45–55 (51%), and served during the post-Vietnam service era (62%). Many veterans reported physical violence in the home during childhood (34%). Almost a quarter of the sample reported at least one parent having mental health issues (23%) and near daily alcohol (62%) or drug use (35%) by a member of the household. Among respondents, 28% received public assistance while 18% lived in public housing. The majority of veterans also reported getting suspended, expelled, or dropping out of school (63%). Conclusions: This analysis of childhood experiences provides additional information needed to better understand the varied experiences of homeless veterans with co-occurring disorders. Clinicians and researchers should take into consideration the childhood experiences of homeless veterans in order to better address the underlying issues that might affect housing, legal, mental health, and substance abuse outcomes as an adult. The current findings may hold important clinical implications for the VA’s goal of ending veteran homelessness by 2015. Financial support: SAMHSA-CSAT Grant # TI16576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.546
Childhood abuse is associated with alcohol use outcomes after gender responsive treatment for women in prison Preeta Saxena, Nena P. Messina Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States Aims: Previous research has shown beneficial outcomes of gender-responsive vs. standard substance abuse treatment for women in prison. This secondary analysis associates days of alcohol use with randomization into trauma-focused, gender-responsive substance abuse treatment (GRT), experience of childhood abuse (physical/sexual; CA), and the interaction between GRT and CA. It was hypothesized that GRT and CA would interact to yield differential alcohol use outcomes in the 12-month period following treatment. Methods: From 04/2006 to 11/2008, 115 incarcerated women were randomized into GRT (n = 55) or standard prison-based treatment (n = 60). Assessments occurred at intake, 6-, and 12-months. The hypothesis was tested with longitudinal negative binomial regression, controlling for age, race, education, marital status, years of alcohol abuse at intake, and time between assessments. Results: Most participants were white (48%) or Latino (26%), had at least a HS/GED equivalent (65%), and were married/previously married (57%). Three participants did not disclose childhood abuse history. Multivariate analysis (n = 112) showed that childhood abuse and randomization into gender-responsive treatment produced no significant direct effects on alcohol use, however, the interaction effect showed that women reporting CA who were randomized into GRT revealed significantly reduced rates of alcohol use (IRR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.16–0.88). Conclusions: Incarcerated women reporting CA evidenced superior alcohol use outcomes after GRT, demonstrating that the trauma-focused intervention was more effective when participants had themselves experienced prior trauma. Findings support the application of GRT in populations of women with high rates of prior trauma/abuse. Financial support: This study was funded by NIDA (Grant R21 DAO18699-01A1), an Interagency Agreement (Contract 07002467) between UC Davis and UCLA and a NIDA NRSA fellowship (Grant T32DA07272-20). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.547 Role of ␣3GABAA receptor modulation in the anti-conflict effects of benzodiazepine-type drugs in monkeys Eileen K. Sawyer 1 , B.D. Fischer 2 , Zhiqiang Meng 1 , M.M. Poe 3 , O.A. Namjoshi 3 , J.M. Cook 3 , J.K. Rowlett 1 1 New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA, United States 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States 3 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
Aims: Benzodiazepines (BZs) are abused widely, yet it is not clear to what extent abuse-related effects can be dissociated from therapeutic effects such as anxiolysis. Recent data have suggested that ␣3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (␣3GABAA receptors)
Abstracts / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 140 (2014) e169–e251
which patients get dependent first. Educational and therapeutic strategies can be utilized to halt progression to other substances. Financial support: Non funded project. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.545 An exploration of childhood experiences among a sample of homeless veterans Sawh 1,2,4 ,
Siegfriedt 1,2,3 ,
Leon J. G. Gonzalez 3 , A. Kline 5,6
D.
Smelson 1,2,3 ,
1 Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial VA, Bedford, MA, United States 2 National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, Bedford, MA, United States 3 University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States 4 University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States 5 VA New Jersey Health Care System, Lyons, NJ, United States 6 University of Medicine and Dentistry-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
Aims: This secondary analysis was conducted to examine childhood experiences among a sample of homeless veterans with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders enrolled in the SAMHSA-funded MISSION treatment study. Methods: A sample of 406 veterans completed a comprehensive intake assessment which included the SCID, ASI, BASIS 32, and GPRA questionnaires. Additionally, a childhood-related risk factor measure was administered to categorize the experiences of veterans during childhood according to mental health/substance use diagnosis, legal status, and housing experiences while growing up. Results: The majority of respondents were male (95%), African American (61%), between the ages of 45–55 (51%), and served during the post-Vietnam service era (62%). Many veterans reported physical violence in the home during childhood (34%). Almost a quarter of the sample reported at least one parent having mental health issues (23%) and near daily alcohol (62%) or drug use (35%) by a member of the household. Among respondents, 28% received public assistance while 18% lived in public housing. The majority of veterans also reported getting suspended, expelled, or dropping out of school (63%). Conclusions: This analysis of childhood experiences provides additional information needed to better understand the varied experiences of homeless veterans with co-occurring disorders. Clinicians and researchers should take into consideration the childhood experiences of homeless veterans in order to better address the underlying issues that might affect housing, legal, mental health, and substance abuse outcomes as an adult. The current findings may hold important clinical implications for the VA’s goal of ending veteran homelessness by 2015. Financial support: SAMHSA-CSAT Grant # TI16576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.546
Childhood abuse is associated with alcohol use outcomes after gender responsive treatment for women in prison Preeta Saxena, Nena P. Messina Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States Aims: Previous research has shown beneficial outcomes of gender-responsive vs. standard substance abuse treatment for women in prison. This secondary analysis associates days of alcohol use with randomization into trauma-focused, gender-responsive substance abuse treatment (GRT), experience of childhood abuse (physical/sexual; CA), and the interaction between GRT and CA. It was hypothesized that GRT and CA would interact to yield differential alcohol use outcomes in the 12-month period following treatment. Methods: From 04/2006 to 11/2008, 115 incarcerated women were randomized into GRT (n = 55) or standard prison-based treatment (n = 60). Assessments occurred at intake, 6-, and 12-months. The hypothesis was tested with longitudinal negative binomial regression, controlling for age, race, education, marital status, years of alcohol abuse at intake, and time between assessments. Results: Most participants were white (48%) or Latino (26%), had at least a HS/GED equivalent (65%), and were married/previously married (57%). Three participants did not disclose childhood abuse history. Multivariate analysis (n = 112) showed that childhood abuse and randomization into gender-responsive treatment produced no significant direct effects on alcohol use, however, the interaction effect showed that women reporting CA who were randomized into GRT revealed significantly reduced rates of alcohol use (IRR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.16–0.88). Conclusions: Incarcerated women reporting CA evidenced superior alcohol use outcomes after GRT, demonstrating that the trauma-focused intervention was more effective when participants had themselves experienced prior trauma. Findings support the application of GRT in populations of women with high rates of prior trauma/abuse. Financial support: This study was funded by NIDA (Grant R21 DAO18699-01A1), an Interagency Agreement (Contract 07002467) between UC Davis and UCLA and a NIDA NRSA fellowship (Grant T32DA07272-20). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.547 Role of ␣3GABAA receptor modulation in the anti-conflict effects of benzodiazepine-type drugs in monkeys Eileen K. Sawyer 1 , B.D. Fischer 2 , Zhiqiang Meng 1 , M.M. Poe 3 , O.A. Namjoshi 3 , J.M. Cook 3 , J.K. Rowlett 1 1 New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA, United States 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States 3 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
Aims: Benzodiazepines (BZs) are abused widely, yet it is not clear to what extent abuse-related effects can be dissociated from therapeutic effects such as anxiolysis. Recent data have suggested that ␣3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (␣3GABAA receptors)