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Chronic avitaminosis E in the castrate and non-castrate rat
Volume 55 Number 4
SELECTED ABSTRACTS
727
it fails to utilize these supports and, therefore, the incidence of cul-de-sac hernia following the operation is high. Surgical procedure evolved by him is as follows: Cervix grasped with tenaculum; transverse incision over anterior cervix; anterior vaginal mucosa dissected from bladder with seissors; vesicovaginal fascia separated from the mucosa; incision carried around posterior vaginal cuff and the cul-de-sac opened with scissors; uterosacral ligaments grasped with Heaney clamps, cut and tied; the anterior cul-de-sac is opened; the lateral cervical tissue, including the lower border of the cardinal ligaments, is cut and ligated, leaving the ligatures on both the uterosacral and cardinal ligaments long; the broad ligaments are then ligated and allowed to retract; on reaching the top of the broad ligament the ovarian ligaments and the tubes are ligated; the uterosacral ligaments and the cardinal ligaments are sutured to the posterior vaginal cuff, thus supporting the vagina and closing the cul-de-sac. Cystocele and methraeele are treated by suturing over the previously dissected fascia. The mucosa is closed with interrupted chromic. The posterior vaginal relaxation is then corrected by high approximation of rec.to-vaginal fascia and closure of vaginal mucosa. WILLIAM BICKERS. ~iseellaneous
Martin, Gustav: Chronic Avitaminosis E in the Castrate and Non-Castrate Rat, Am. J. of Physiol. 148: 344-349, 1947. Martin, using six series of fifty rats in each group, including two series of controls, found that chronic avitaminosis E symptomatically ran a markedly different course in the castrate and noncastrate rat. Three lines of evidence exhibited the effect of castration on this vitamin deficiency state. In the deficient E and castrate series the life spans were prolonged; the weight curves improved and there was a marked accumulation of fat. The histopathology of the testis in avitaminosis E, in rats, is well known. There is irreversible degeneration of germinal epithelium. The Sertoli cells remain. It is the generally accepted view, according to Martin, that the interstitial cells of the testis are sources of androgen. Testosterone brings about spermatogenesis by stimulating the pituitary to secrete gonadotrophic hormones. Martin notes in his discussion, however, there seems to be no report of the testosterone content of testicles in the avitaminotic E rat. C. E. FOLSOMEBessis, M.: A New Biologic Test to Detect Anti-Rh Immunization, Gynec. et Obst. 45: 493, 1946. If two intravenous injections of Rh-positive blood, 0.5 c.c. each, are given to an Rh-negative individual, titration of his blood for anti"Rh agglutinins one week later will clearly indicate a prior isoimmunization. Thirty Rh-negative volunteers failed to develop any agglutinins, whereas four women who had previously borne erythroblastotic infants developed titers in the range of 1:128 (which disappeared in sixty days). The author suggests this procedure to determine Rh factor responsibility where there is a history of atypical transfusion reaction, or of repeated fetal misadventures of various kinds. It is argued that the dose of Rh-positive blood is too small to cause a reaction in persons already strongly sensitized, or to cause an original sensitization. IRviNG L. }'RANK.
Newborn Tortora, M.: VaginaJ. Smears in the Genital Crisis of Female Infants, Arch.
SELECTED ABSTRACTS
727
it fails to utilize these supports and, therefore, the incidence of cul-de-sac hernia following the operation is high. Surgical procedure evolved by him is as follows: Cervix grasped with tenaculum; transverse incision over anterior cervix; anterior vaginal mucosa dissected from bladder with seissors; vesicovaginal fascia separated from the mucosa; incision carried around posterior vaginal cuff and the cul-de-sac opened with scissors; uterosacral ligaments grasped with Heaney clamps, cut and tied; the anterior cul-de-sac is opened; the lateral cervical tissue, including the lower border of the cardinal ligaments, is cut and ligated, leaving the ligatures on both the uterosacral and cardinal ligaments long; the broad ligaments are then ligated and allowed to retract; on reaching the top of the broad ligament the ovarian ligaments and the tubes are ligated; the uterosacral ligaments and the cardinal ligaments are sutured to the posterior vaginal cuff, thus supporting the vagina and closing the cul-de-sac. Cystocele and methraeele are treated by suturing over the previously dissected fascia. The mucosa is closed with interrupted chromic. The posterior vaginal relaxation is then corrected by high approximation of rec.to-vaginal fascia and closure of vaginal mucosa. WILLIAM BICKERS. ~iseellaneous
Martin, Gustav: Chronic Avitaminosis E in the Castrate and Non-Castrate Rat, Am. J. of Physiol. 148: 344-349, 1947. Martin, using six series of fifty rats in each group, including two series of controls, found that chronic avitaminosis E symptomatically ran a markedly different course in the castrate and noncastrate rat. Three lines of evidence exhibited the effect of castration on this vitamin deficiency state. In the deficient E and castrate series the life spans were prolonged; the weight curves improved and there was a marked accumulation of fat. The histopathology of the testis in avitaminosis E, in rats, is well known. There is irreversible degeneration of germinal epithelium. The Sertoli cells remain. It is the generally accepted view, according to Martin, that the interstitial cells of the testis are sources of androgen. Testosterone brings about spermatogenesis by stimulating the pituitary to secrete gonadotrophic hormones. Martin notes in his discussion, however, there seems to be no report of the testosterone content of testicles in the avitaminotic E rat. C. E. FOLSOMEBessis, M.: A New Biologic Test to Detect Anti-Rh Immunization, Gynec. et Obst. 45: 493, 1946. If two intravenous injections of Rh-positive blood, 0.5 c.c. each, are given to an Rh-negative individual, titration of his blood for anti"Rh agglutinins one week later will clearly indicate a prior isoimmunization. Thirty Rh-negative volunteers failed to develop any agglutinins, whereas four women who had previously borne erythroblastotic infants developed titers in the range of 1:128 (which disappeared in sixty days). The author suggests this procedure to determine Rh factor responsibility where there is a history of atypical transfusion reaction, or of repeated fetal misadventures of various kinds. It is argued that the dose of Rh-positive blood is too small to cause a reaction in persons already strongly sensitized, or to cause an original sensitization. IRviNG L. }'RANK.
Newborn Tortora, M.: VaginaJ. Smears in the Genital Crisis of Female Infants, Arch.