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Circulatory overloading after rapid intravenous injections
Sharpey-Schafer,
Intravenous
E.
P.,
and
Injections.
J.: Circulatory R4. ,T. 2: X14, 1942.
Wallace,
kit.
Overloading
After
Rapid
up to ‘:,OlNI cx. of saline, serum, am1 11101~1 was injected into subjects without cardiovascular disease at rates of from 5-l to 168 c.c. a minute, The ven”uS pressure was raised up to 11 cm. H,O when there was considerable retention of inject-e11 tluid in the circulation, as indicated by the fall in hcniogltrhin. Hadiographs showed an increase in the diastolic size of the heart, enlargement of the pulmonary arterk, and prominence of the markings in the lung fields. Vital capacity was diminished, but there was ntr evidence of pulmonary edema. In spite of the rise of venous pressure many sul)jects had no increase in heart rate. Of tn clvc subjrcts four showed electrocardiographic changes in~1icatin.g slight, right lrcart stress. Synrptoms were absent or unimportant. Thrw uxs a rapid fall of venous pressure to nnrma1 on ceasing injection, except in one rubjcct gircn bltrod. There is evidence that the peripheral and pulmonary capillaries ant1 veins dilate to :~ccommod:tte the increased blood volume. When the blood volume was first reduced by a large vcne~c~~tion, saline or serum iujected in similar amounts and at similar rates caused littler or no rise of venous pressure. ~'ZlSCllir
lLi’llIURS.
Hass,
G. M.:
of Elastic
Elastic Tissue. II. A Study of the Elasticity Tissue Isolated From the Human Aorta. Arch.
and Tensile Strength I%th. 34: 971, 1042,
aged In claps In 77 years, the amounts In a series of twenty-one human aortas, of epdstic tissue which were recovered varied from 28.9 to 42.2 per cent, with an nverage of 27.9 per cent. The quantity of elastic tissue in eacl~ unit volume of tire average aortic wall remains nearly constant throughout life, Individual variations are included in the range 2S.9 to 43.2 per rent. The purified elastic systems possess an average of ::z 1”” writ greater estmsibility and 170 per cent greater retradility than the intact aortic: walls frum which they are isolated. The average maximum extensibility of isolated elastic tissue decreases with increasing age in a manner whiclt cannot be predicted by a study of the intact :ulrta. The retraction of isolated elastic tissue after extension is always more corn The magnitude of i,etraction is the same for pletr than that of the intact vessel. all isolated networks rind is independrut of their age. The tensile strength of isolated tissue varies from 1,490 to ti,TX C:m. per SC~:UT In gcnernl, tensile centimeter of dry cross-sectional area at maximum extewiun. There are several unexplained exceptions strength decreases with increasing age. to this average rule. XCTHOR.
Henry, F.: Cardiovascular 138: 63, 1942.
Effects of Experimental
The mean heart rate of eight male human reclining posture but not while standing, as the deprivation. It was also lowered during exercise tive phase was observed, and there was also a bradycardia produced by a modified Valsalva recovery from exercise. A reduced irritability responsible for rate control during late exercise planation.
Insomnia.
Am.
J.
I’hysiol.
subjects was lowered at rest in the result of twenty-four hours of sleep and recovery. An increased negareduction in the amount of relative experiment performed during early of some part of the mechanisms and recovery is postulated in ex-
Intravenous
E.
P.,
and
Injections.
J.: Circulatory R4. ,T. 2: X14, 1942.
Wallace,
kit.
Overloading
After
Rapid
up to ‘:,OlNI cx. of saline, serum, am1 11101~1 was injected into subjects without cardiovascular disease at rates of from 5-l to 168 c.c. a minute, The ven”uS pressure was raised up to 11 cm. H,O when there was considerable retention of inject-e11 tluid in the circulation, as indicated by the fall in hcniogltrhin. Hadiographs showed an increase in the diastolic size of the heart, enlargement of the pulmonary arterk, and prominence of the markings in the lung fields. Vital capacity was diminished, but there was ntr evidence of pulmonary edema. In spite of the rise of venous pressure many sul)jects had no increase in heart rate. Of tn clvc subjrcts four showed electrocardiographic changes in~1icatin.g slight, right lrcart stress. Synrptoms were absent or unimportant. Thrw uxs a rapid fall of venous pressure to nnrma1 on ceasing injection, except in one rubjcct gircn bltrod. There is evidence that the peripheral and pulmonary capillaries ant1 veins dilate to :~ccommod:tte the increased blood volume. When the blood volume was first reduced by a large vcne~c~~tion, saline or serum iujected in similar amounts and at similar rates caused littler or no rise of venous pressure. ~'ZlSCllir
lLi’llIURS.
Hass,
G. M.:
of Elastic
Elastic Tissue. II. A Study of the Elasticity Tissue Isolated From the Human Aorta. Arch.
and Tensile Strength I%th. 34: 971, 1042,
aged In claps In 77 years, the amounts In a series of twenty-one human aortas, of epdstic tissue which were recovered varied from 28.9 to 42.2 per cent, with an nverage of 27.9 per cent. The quantity of elastic tissue in eacl~ unit volume of tire average aortic wall remains nearly constant throughout life, Individual variations are included in the range 2S.9 to 43.2 per rent. The purified elastic systems possess an average of ::z 1”” writ greater estmsibility and 170 per cent greater retradility than the intact aortic: walls frum which they are isolated. The average maximum extensibility of isolated elastic tissue decreases with increasing age in a manner whiclt cannot be predicted by a study of the intact :ulrta. The retraction of isolated elastic tissue after extension is always more corn The magnitude of i,etraction is the same for pletr than that of the intact vessel. all isolated networks rind is independrut of their age. The tensile strength of isolated tissue varies from 1,490 to ti,TX C:m. per SC~:UT In gcnernl, tensile centimeter of dry cross-sectional area at maximum extewiun. There are several unexplained exceptions strength decreases with increasing age. to this average rule. XCTHOR.
Henry, F.: Cardiovascular 138: 63, 1942.
Effects of Experimental
The mean heart rate of eight male human reclining posture but not while standing, as the deprivation. It was also lowered during exercise tive phase was observed, and there was also a bradycardia produced by a modified Valsalva recovery from exercise. A reduced irritability responsible for rate control during late exercise planation.
Insomnia.
Am.
J.
I’hysiol.
subjects was lowered at rest in the result of twenty-four hours of sleep and recovery. An increased negareduction in the amount of relative experiment performed during early of some part of the mechanisms and recovery is postulated in ex-