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Clinical Test Questions
CE TESTS
CLINICAL TEST QUESTIONS
When Bugs and Drugs Converge: Promoting Safe Practices in the Emergency Department (pp. 141-143)
1. What do the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggest is “essential for optimal adherence to HH recommendations”? A. auditors to monitor compliance B. mandatory annual retraining C. easy access to HH supplies 2. As noted in the article, what is a medication-use behavior that may transmit infection to patients? A. using a stopcock to administer medications to ED patients B. recapping a needle after administering an intramuscular injection C. failing to place a sterile cap on the end of IV tubing that is disconnected from the main line 3. When disinfecting intravenous ports, what does the author report is the key to the effectiveness of the process? A. allowing the antiseptic to air dry B. applying friction for at least 10 seconds C. using chlorhexidine gluconate as the antiseptic
Infections in Trauma Patients: Prevention Begins in the Emergency Department (pp. 170-171)
7. In the 2010 study by Serrano et al., what was associated with an increased risk of infection? A. obesity B. hypertension C. smoking 8. Which statement is true regarding infections in trauma patients? A. The routine use of prophylactic antibiotics immediately post trauma reduces the risk for infection. B. An acute elevation in blood glucose is predictive of infection and trauma outcome. C. Transfusing patients who have a hemoglobin ≤9.0 decreases the risk for infection.
Are You Covered? Safe Practices for the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (pp. 154-157)
9. An illness that requires contact precautions is A. Bordetella pertussis. B. influenza. C. norovirus. 10. Transmission of infection through droplet exposure generally occurs A. upon contact with a patient’s skin. B. when a patient sneezes, coughs, or talks. C. through exposure to an infected patient’s blood.
4. As noted in the article, what can compound the effects of trauma-related immunosuppression? A. intravenous fluid resuscitation B. endotracheal intubation C. frequent blood draws
11. Airborne isolation precautions include A. special air handling and ventilation systems. B. standard, surgical facemasks. C. surgical scrub caps.
5. Cole et al. (2014) report that a predictor for developing infections in the hospitalized trauma patient is the A. Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission. B. number of fractures sustained. C. severity of shock in the emergency department.
12. In the 2008 study by Gammon et al., a barrier to achieving optimal adherence to precautions is A. lack of readily available PPE. B. a belief that the nurse will not become contaminated. C. carelessness resulting in cross-contamination.
6. Which of the following is a parameter used to calculate the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome score? A. number of leukocytes B. hemoglobin level C. C-reactive protein level
13. The Ebola outbreak highlighted what area of PPE training that should receive special focus? A. application of gloves B. application of moisture-proof gowns C. doffing PPE
March 2015
VOLUME 41 • ISSUE 2
WWW.JENONLINE.ORG
173
CE TESTS
Contagious or Not? That Is the Question (pp. 148-153)
14. Chikungunya is endemic in parts of A. Scandinavia. B. Western Europe. C. Asia. 15. The average time in which symptoms appear after exposure to the Ebola virus is A. 2 to 5 days. B. 8 to10 days. C. 14 to 21 days. 16. Hepatitis E is spread by A. blood or body fluids. B. contaminated water. C. mosquito bites. 17. Pertussis is caused by a A. spirochete. B. bacteria. C. virus.
Pediatric Infectious Diseases (pp. 160-161)
18. A common symptom of hand, foot, and mouth disease is A. rash. B. vomiting. C. cough. 19. As noted in the article, a child with chronic infections should be evaluated by a pediatrician for A. cystic fibrosis. B. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. C. scalded skin syndrome. 20. Children with asthma are at increased risk for A. erythema infectiosum. B. rubella. C. Enterovirus D68. 21. The first step to take with a pediatric patient who presents with a potential infectious disease is to A. administer an antipyretic. B. isolate the child. C. draw blood for blood cultures.
174
JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY NURSING
RESEARCH TEST QUESTIONS Sampling Considerations in Emergency Nursing Research (pp. 162-164)
1. The strongest sampling strategy for research studies is A. purposive sampling. B. probability sampling. C. non probability sampling. 2. Random sampling reduces the risk of A. generalizability. B. confounding variables. C. selection bias. 3. The simplest form of randomly assigning participants is by A. using a table of random numbers. B. identifying participants at regular intervals. C. randomly selecting persons from stratified subpopulations. 4. Selecting persons for study who possess characteristics that are felt to be representative of the population is A. snowball sampling. B. convenience sampling. C. purposive sampling. 5. What technique is used to reach the number of participants required for a qualitative study? A. judgmental sampling B. data saturation C. power analysis
Impact of Nurse-Initiated ED Sepsis Protocol on Compliance with Sepsis Bundles, Time to Initial Antibiotic Administration, and In-Hospital Mortality (pp. 130-137)
6. The source of sepsis for the majority of patients in this study was A. urinary tract infection (UTI). B. cellulitis. C. pneumonia.
VOLUME 41 • ISSUE 2
March 2015
CLINICAL TEST QUESTIONS
When Bugs and Drugs Converge: Promoting Safe Practices in the Emergency Department (pp. 141-143)
1. What do the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggest is “essential for optimal adherence to HH recommendations”? A. auditors to monitor compliance B. mandatory annual retraining C. easy access to HH supplies 2. As noted in the article, what is a medication-use behavior that may transmit infection to patients? A. using a stopcock to administer medications to ED patients B. recapping a needle after administering an intramuscular injection C. failing to place a sterile cap on the end of IV tubing that is disconnected from the main line 3. When disinfecting intravenous ports, what does the author report is the key to the effectiveness of the process? A. allowing the antiseptic to air dry B. applying friction for at least 10 seconds C. using chlorhexidine gluconate as the antiseptic
Infections in Trauma Patients: Prevention Begins in the Emergency Department (pp. 170-171)
7. In the 2010 study by Serrano et al., what was associated with an increased risk of infection? A. obesity B. hypertension C. smoking 8. Which statement is true regarding infections in trauma patients? A. The routine use of prophylactic antibiotics immediately post trauma reduces the risk for infection. B. An acute elevation in blood glucose is predictive of infection and trauma outcome. C. Transfusing patients who have a hemoglobin ≤9.0 decreases the risk for infection.
Are You Covered? Safe Practices for the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (pp. 154-157)
9. An illness that requires contact precautions is A. Bordetella pertussis. B. influenza. C. norovirus. 10. Transmission of infection through droplet exposure generally occurs A. upon contact with a patient’s skin. B. when a patient sneezes, coughs, or talks. C. through exposure to an infected patient’s blood.
4. As noted in the article, what can compound the effects of trauma-related immunosuppression? A. intravenous fluid resuscitation B. endotracheal intubation C. frequent blood draws
11. Airborne isolation precautions include A. special air handling and ventilation systems. B. standard, surgical facemasks. C. surgical scrub caps.
5. Cole et al. (2014) report that a predictor for developing infections in the hospitalized trauma patient is the A. Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission. B. number of fractures sustained. C. severity of shock in the emergency department.
12. In the 2008 study by Gammon et al., a barrier to achieving optimal adherence to precautions is A. lack of readily available PPE. B. a belief that the nurse will not become contaminated. C. carelessness resulting in cross-contamination.
6. Which of the following is a parameter used to calculate the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome score? A. number of leukocytes B. hemoglobin level C. C-reactive protein level
13. The Ebola outbreak highlighted what area of PPE training that should receive special focus? A. application of gloves B. application of moisture-proof gowns C. doffing PPE
March 2015
VOLUME 41 • ISSUE 2
WWW.JENONLINE.ORG
173
CE TESTS
Contagious or Not? That Is the Question (pp. 148-153)
14. Chikungunya is endemic in parts of A. Scandinavia. B. Western Europe. C. Asia. 15. The average time in which symptoms appear after exposure to the Ebola virus is A. 2 to 5 days. B. 8 to10 days. C. 14 to 21 days. 16. Hepatitis E is spread by A. blood or body fluids. B. contaminated water. C. mosquito bites. 17. Pertussis is caused by a A. spirochete. B. bacteria. C. virus.
Pediatric Infectious Diseases (pp. 160-161)
18. A common symptom of hand, foot, and mouth disease is A. rash. B. vomiting. C. cough. 19. As noted in the article, a child with chronic infections should be evaluated by a pediatrician for A. cystic fibrosis. B. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. C. scalded skin syndrome. 20. Children with asthma are at increased risk for A. erythema infectiosum. B. rubella. C. Enterovirus D68. 21. The first step to take with a pediatric patient who presents with a potential infectious disease is to A. administer an antipyretic. B. isolate the child. C. draw blood for blood cultures.
174
JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY NURSING
RESEARCH TEST QUESTIONS Sampling Considerations in Emergency Nursing Research (pp. 162-164)
1. The strongest sampling strategy for research studies is A. purposive sampling. B. probability sampling. C. non probability sampling. 2. Random sampling reduces the risk of A. generalizability. B. confounding variables. C. selection bias. 3. The simplest form of randomly assigning participants is by A. using a table of random numbers. B. identifying participants at regular intervals. C. randomly selecting persons from stratified subpopulations. 4. Selecting persons for study who possess characteristics that are felt to be representative of the population is A. snowball sampling. B. convenience sampling. C. purposive sampling. 5. What technique is used to reach the number of participants required for a qualitative study? A. judgmental sampling B. data saturation C. power analysis
Impact of Nurse-Initiated ED Sepsis Protocol on Compliance with Sepsis Bundles, Time to Initial Antibiotic Administration, and In-Hospital Mortality (pp. 130-137)
6. The source of sepsis for the majority of patients in this study was A. urinary tract infection (UTI). B. cellulitis. C. pneumonia.
VOLUME 41 • ISSUE 2
March 2015