CME Test Questions: February 2014

CME TEST QUESTIONS: FEBRUARY 2014 Examination available at http://learn.sirweb.org/. To take the online JVIR CME tests, please log into the SIR Learning Center with your SIR user name and password. Nonmembers: If you do not already have an SIR username and password, please click on “Create an Account” to gain access to the SIR Learning Center. Once in the Learning Center, click on the “Publication” activity type for a listing of all available JVIR CME Tests. Each test will be available online for 3 years from the month/date of publication. The CME questions in this issue are derived from the article “Ethanol Embolotherapy of Vascular Malformations: Clinical Outcomes at a Single Center” by Vogelzang et al. 1. In this article, the authors describe embolotherapy of vascular malformations with the use of ethanol as the principal embolic agent. The rate and the volume of dehydrated alcohol required was based on all factors listed below EXCEPT the a. Underlying lesion’s flow characteristics b. Largest diameter of the lesion as seen on a preoperative ultrasound c. Volume of contrast required to fill and opacify the lesion completely d. Nature of the lesion, using 50% ethanol diluted with nonionic iodinated contrast for infiltrating arteriovenous malformations involving skin e. Patient’s body weight, limiting each bolus to 0.15 mL/kg and waiting 10 minutes between each bolus 2. The success rate of alcohol-based embolotherapy in curing or improving patients with vascular malformations is approximately a. 10%–30% b. 31%–60% c. 61%– 80% d. 81%–100%

3. According to the authors, a key determinant for maximizing success and minimizing adverse events is to a. Limit the total amount of ethanol injected to 5 mL b. Stage the treatment into two or more sessions c. Follow an algorithm that provides guidance for the minimum volume of ethanol needed to treat the malformation based on location and type, since success rates differ widely d. Inject ethanol only when the operator is confident that the needle or the catheter is within the nidus of the malformation 4. The OVERALL major and minor complication rate of ethanol embolotherapy for vascular malformations in this study was a. Less than 5% for both b. 30% for minor complications, but less than 5% for major complications c. Approximately 10%–15% for both d. Greater than 50% for both