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Cognitive Rehabilitation — Conceptualization and Intervention
433
TINS - October 1983 the responses to ACh remains controversial, there are reasons to believe that a second messenger is involved. One of the reasons is that the hyperpolarization produced by ACh in the heart is very slow and exhibits a long latency of onset after ACh application. Although these findings are most attractively explained by a secondmessenger mechanism, there is no direct evidence to support this hypothesis.
Readinglist 1 Chalovich, J. M. and Eisenberg, E (1982)J. Biol. Chem. 257, 2432-2447 2 DiFrancesco, D. (1981) J. Physiol. (London) 314, 359-376 3 England, P. (1980) in Recently Discovered Sys-
tems of Enzyme Regulation by Reversible Phosphorylation (Cohen, P., ed.), Elsevier/ North-Holland, Amsterdam 4 Gamier, D., Nargeot, J., Ojeda, C. and Rougier, O. (1978)J. Physiol. (London) 274, 381-396 5 Giles, W. and Noble, S. J. (1976)J. Physiol. (London) 261,103-123 6 Giles, W. and Shibata, E. (1981)Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 40, 2618-2624 7 Hartzell, H. C. (1981) Nature (London) 291,
Brain Damage and Recovery: R e s e a r c h a n d C l i n i c a l Perspectives
by Stanley Finger and Donald G. Stein, Academic Press, 1982. £26.20 (xiv + 368pages) ISBN 0 122 56780 3 R e p a i r and R e g e n e r a t i o n o f the Nervous System (Life S c i e n c e s R e s e a r c h Report, Vol. 24)
edited by J. G. Nicholls, SpringerVerlag, 1982. DM 52.00/$23.10 (viii + 411 pages) ISBN 3 540 11649 4 R 6 6 d u q u e r le C e r v e a u : L o g o p 6 d i e , Psychologie, Neurologie
edited by X. Seron and C. Laterre, Pierre Mardaga, 1982. 690.00 FB/92.00 FF (96pages) 1SBN 2 870 09159 1 Cognitive Rehabilitation Conceptualization and Intervention
edited by Lance E. Trexler, Plenum Press, 1982. $37.50 (USA and Canada)IS45.00 (elsewhere) (xii + 280 pages) ISBN 0 306 41016 8 Uses o f C o m p u t e r s in A i d i n g the Disabled
edited by Josef Raviv, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1982. (Sole distributors in the USA and Canada: Elsevier Science Publishing Company.) Dfl. 130.00 (xiv + 446 pages) ISBN 0 444 86436 9
539-544 8 Hartzell, H. C. and Titus, L. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 2111-2120 9 Hauswirth, O., Noble, D. and Tsien, R. W. (1968)Science 162, 916-917 10 Hayes, J. S., Brunton, L. L. and Mayer, S. E. (1980)J. Biol. Chem. 255, 5113-5119 11 Katz, A. (1979)Adv. CyclicNucleotideRes. 11, 303-343 12 Keeley, S. L., Lincoln, T. M. and Corbin, J. D. (1978)Am. J. Physiol. 234, H432-438 13 Kranias, E. G. and Solaro, R. J. (1982)Nature (London) 298, 182-184 14 Lindemann, J. P., Jones, L. R., Hathaway, D. R., Henry, B. G. and Watanab¢, A. M. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 464---471 15 Linden, J. and Brooker, G. (1979) Biochem. Pharmacol. 28,3351-3360 16 Mirro, M. J., Bailey, J. C. and Watanabe, A. M. (1979) Circ. Res. 45,225-233 17 Moos, C., Mason, C. M., Besterman, J. M., Feng, I.-N. M. and Dubin, J. H. (1978) J. Mol. Biol. 124, 571-586 18 Mope, L., McClellan, G. B. and Winegrad, S. (1980)J. Gen. Physiol. 75,271-282 19 Nargeot, J., I_ester, H. A., Birdsall, N. J. M., Stockton, J., Wassermann, N. H. and Erlanger, B. F. (1982)J. Gen. Physiol. 79,657--678 20 Nawrath, H., Blei, I. and Gegner, R. (1980)
Computerized Tomography, Brain M e t a b o l i s m , S p i n a l Injuries ( A d v a n c e s in N e u r o s u r g e r y , V o l . 10)
edited by W. Driesen, M. Brock and M. Klinger, Springer- Verlag, 1982. (Distributed in Japan by Nankodo Company.) DM 112.00/approx. US$49.80 (Subscription price for subscribers to complete series: DM 89.60~approx. US$39.80.) (xxviii + 408pages) ISBN 3 54011115 8 Finger and Stein's scholarly, comprehensive and beautifully written monograph, Brain Damage and Recovery, is exciting for the breadth of its concepts and for the challenges it presents to conventional views on the functioning of the CNS. Recovery, they argue, has no monolithic explanation and they explore some of the relevant 'multitude of factors', spinning a thread from the implantation of eyes into the CNS to the treatment of brain-damaged patients. Of the remaining five books, the proceedings of meetings held in 1981 (the Dahlem Conference), Repair and Regeneration o f the Nervous System, edited by John Nicholls, stands out for its forward-looking surveys by selected panels of experts of current states of the art in repair and regeneration. The papers reported in this book are inevitably heterogeneous but they add substance and colour to the 'homespun' of Finger and Stein. Neural development is considered in
Experientia 36, 72-74 21 Noble, D. (1975) The Initiation of the Heart Beat, Oxford University Press, London 22 Osterrinder, W., Brum, G., Hesheler, J., Trautwein, W., Hockerzi, V. and Hofrnann, F. (1982) Nature (London) 298, 576-578 23 Osterrieder, W., Noma, A. and Trautwein, W. (1980) Pfluegers Arch. 386, 101-109 24 Ray, K. P. and England, P. J. (1976)FEBS Lett. 70, 11-16 25 Reuter, H. and Scholz, H. (1977)J. Physiol. (London) 264, 49--62 26 Reuter, H., Stevens, C. F., Tsien, R. W. and Yellen, G. (1982) Nature (London) 297, 501-504 27 Stull, J. T. (1980) in Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research (Greengard, P. and Robison, G. A., eds), pp. 3%93, Raven Press, New York 28 Tsien, R. W. (1974)J. Gen. Physiol. 64, 293-319 29 Tsien, R. W. (1977)Adv. CyclicNucleotideRes. 8,363--420
Tony Creazzo, Louisa Titus and Criss Hartzell are at the Department of Anatomy, Ernory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
detail by Finger and Stein and in several papers, including a group report, in the Dahlem Conference. The events occurring during the series of interrelated steps of neural development are seen to have clear implications for regeneration: cell proliferation; including neuroglia; migration;. aggregation; cytodifferentiation; and elaboration of axonal connections. Immunological labelling is beginning to provide a unique insight into the processes involved. Could embryonic brain tissue transplanted into a damaged adult brain ever complete its developmental programme of migration, differentiation and elaboration of functionally appropriate connections? Though the question smacks of science fiction, the panel of authors of Repair and Regeneration of the Nervous System do not rule out this type of approach. In discussing regeneration in the mammalian CNS, Finger and Stein, and several authors in Repair and Regeneration o f the Nervous System consider the phenomena of sprouting, re-routing, supersensitivity, development and disuse of existing connections, and vicariation within the context that neural connectivity in the adult is not static but in a state of flux. Particularly significant ira this respect is the occurrence of latent or silent synapses, which Merrill and Wall (see Brain Damage and Recovery) have called 'ghosts of a cell's childhood'. The role of trophic factors in these regenerative processes is also emphasized as a major future development (see Repair and
Regeneration of the Nervous System). With regard to the behavioural and clinical correlates of regeneration, Seron and Laterre in R(~duquer le Cerveau emphas-
TINS - October 1983 the responses to ACh remains controversial, there are reasons to believe that a second messenger is involved. One of the reasons is that the hyperpolarization produced by ACh in the heart is very slow and exhibits a long latency of onset after ACh application. Although these findings are most attractively explained by a secondmessenger mechanism, there is no direct evidence to support this hypothesis.
Readinglist 1 Chalovich, J. M. and Eisenberg, E (1982)J. Biol. Chem. 257, 2432-2447 2 DiFrancesco, D. (1981) J. Physiol. (London) 314, 359-376 3 England, P. (1980) in Recently Discovered Sys-
tems of Enzyme Regulation by Reversible Phosphorylation (Cohen, P., ed.), Elsevier/ North-Holland, Amsterdam 4 Gamier, D., Nargeot, J., Ojeda, C. and Rougier, O. (1978)J. Physiol. (London) 274, 381-396 5 Giles, W. and Noble, S. J. (1976)J. Physiol. (London) 261,103-123 6 Giles, W. and Shibata, E. (1981)Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 40, 2618-2624 7 Hartzell, H. C. (1981) Nature (London) 291,
Brain Damage and Recovery: R e s e a r c h a n d C l i n i c a l Perspectives
by Stanley Finger and Donald G. Stein, Academic Press, 1982. £26.20 (xiv + 368pages) ISBN 0 122 56780 3 R e p a i r and R e g e n e r a t i o n o f the Nervous System (Life S c i e n c e s R e s e a r c h Report, Vol. 24)
edited by J. G. Nicholls, SpringerVerlag, 1982. DM 52.00/$23.10 (viii + 411 pages) ISBN 3 540 11649 4 R 6 6 d u q u e r le C e r v e a u : L o g o p 6 d i e , Psychologie, Neurologie
edited by X. Seron and C. Laterre, Pierre Mardaga, 1982. 690.00 FB/92.00 FF (96pages) 1SBN 2 870 09159 1 Cognitive Rehabilitation Conceptualization and Intervention
edited by Lance E. Trexler, Plenum Press, 1982. $37.50 (USA and Canada)IS45.00 (elsewhere) (xii + 280 pages) ISBN 0 306 41016 8 Uses o f C o m p u t e r s in A i d i n g the Disabled
edited by Josef Raviv, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1982. (Sole distributors in the USA and Canada: Elsevier Science Publishing Company.) Dfl. 130.00 (xiv + 446 pages) ISBN 0 444 86436 9
539-544 8 Hartzell, H. C. and Titus, L. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 2111-2120 9 Hauswirth, O., Noble, D. and Tsien, R. W. (1968)Science 162, 916-917 10 Hayes, J. S., Brunton, L. L. and Mayer, S. E. (1980)J. Biol. Chem. 255, 5113-5119 11 Katz, A. (1979)Adv. CyclicNucleotideRes. 11, 303-343 12 Keeley, S. L., Lincoln, T. M. and Corbin, J. D. (1978)Am. J. Physiol. 234, H432-438 13 Kranias, E. G. and Solaro, R. J. (1982)Nature (London) 298, 182-184 14 Lindemann, J. P., Jones, L. R., Hathaway, D. R., Henry, B. G. and Watanab¢, A. M. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 464---471 15 Linden, J. and Brooker, G. (1979) Biochem. Pharmacol. 28,3351-3360 16 Mirro, M. J., Bailey, J. C. and Watanabe, A. M. (1979) Circ. Res. 45,225-233 17 Moos, C., Mason, C. M., Besterman, J. M., Feng, I.-N. M. and Dubin, J. H. (1978) J. Mol. Biol. 124, 571-586 18 Mope, L., McClellan, G. B. and Winegrad, S. (1980)J. Gen. Physiol. 75,271-282 19 Nargeot, J., I_ester, H. A., Birdsall, N. J. M., Stockton, J., Wassermann, N. H. and Erlanger, B. F. (1982)J. Gen. Physiol. 79,657--678 20 Nawrath, H., Blei, I. and Gegner, R. (1980)
Computerized Tomography, Brain M e t a b o l i s m , S p i n a l Injuries ( A d v a n c e s in N e u r o s u r g e r y , V o l . 10)
edited by W. Driesen, M. Brock and M. Klinger, Springer- Verlag, 1982. (Distributed in Japan by Nankodo Company.) DM 112.00/approx. US$49.80 (Subscription price for subscribers to complete series: DM 89.60~approx. US$39.80.) (xxviii + 408pages) ISBN 3 54011115 8 Finger and Stein's scholarly, comprehensive and beautifully written monograph, Brain Damage and Recovery, is exciting for the breadth of its concepts and for the challenges it presents to conventional views on the functioning of the CNS. Recovery, they argue, has no monolithic explanation and they explore some of the relevant 'multitude of factors', spinning a thread from the implantation of eyes into the CNS to the treatment of brain-damaged patients. Of the remaining five books, the proceedings of meetings held in 1981 (the Dahlem Conference), Repair and Regeneration o f the Nervous System, edited by John Nicholls, stands out for its forward-looking surveys by selected panels of experts of current states of the art in repair and regeneration. The papers reported in this book are inevitably heterogeneous but they add substance and colour to the 'homespun' of Finger and Stein. Neural development is considered in
Experientia 36, 72-74 21 Noble, D. (1975) The Initiation of the Heart Beat, Oxford University Press, London 22 Osterrinder, W., Brum, G., Hesheler, J., Trautwein, W., Hockerzi, V. and Hofrnann, F. (1982) Nature (London) 298, 576-578 23 Osterrieder, W., Noma, A. and Trautwein, W. (1980) Pfluegers Arch. 386, 101-109 24 Ray, K. P. and England, P. J. (1976)FEBS Lett. 70, 11-16 25 Reuter, H. and Scholz, H. (1977)J. Physiol. (London) 264, 49--62 26 Reuter, H., Stevens, C. F., Tsien, R. W. and Yellen, G. (1982) Nature (London) 297, 501-504 27 Stull, J. T. (1980) in Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research (Greengard, P. and Robison, G. A., eds), pp. 3%93, Raven Press, New York 28 Tsien, R. W. (1974)J. Gen. Physiol. 64, 293-319 29 Tsien, R. W. (1977)Adv. CyclicNucleotideRes. 8,363--420
Tony Creazzo, Louisa Titus and Criss Hartzell are at the Department of Anatomy, Ernory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
detail by Finger and Stein and in several papers, including a group report, in the Dahlem Conference. The events occurring during the series of interrelated steps of neural development are seen to have clear implications for regeneration: cell proliferation; including neuroglia; migration;. aggregation; cytodifferentiation; and elaboration of axonal connections. Immunological labelling is beginning to provide a unique insight into the processes involved. Could embryonic brain tissue transplanted into a damaged adult brain ever complete its developmental programme of migration, differentiation and elaboration of functionally appropriate connections? Though the question smacks of science fiction, the panel of authors of Repair and Regeneration of the Nervous System do not rule out this type of approach. In discussing regeneration in the mammalian CNS, Finger and Stein, and several authors in Repair and Regeneration o f the Nervous System consider the phenomena of sprouting, re-routing, supersensitivity, development and disuse of existing connections, and vicariation within the context that neural connectivity in the adult is not static but in a state of flux. Particularly significant ira this respect is the occurrence of latent or silent synapses, which Merrill and Wall (see Brain Damage and Recovery) have called 'ghosts of a cell's childhood'. The role of trophic factors in these regenerative processes is also emphasized as a major future development (see Repair and
Regeneration of the Nervous System). With regard to the behavioural and clinical correlates of regeneration, Seron and Laterre in R(~duquer le Cerveau emphas-