COLLEGE OF DENTISTS OF ENGLAND.

the medical students of the metropolis as unfounded and the mere fancies of a heated imagination (the result, perhaps, of the arsenical fumes they inhale from the injected bodies). A reform movement is taking place with regard to the Anafrom it. tomy Act, and if Mr. Hawkins will kindly publish in your 25th.-The upper part of the wound has healed by first in- journal his statistics, he would either allow the reformers some tention ; the lower is discharging healthy pus and granulating ; authoritative facts on which to act, or else give the hundreds of infatuated and mistaken students more enlightened ideas on the old sinus is also discharging. There has been no amount of swelling in any part of the limb, and the splint has the matter, and prevent them migrating to Dublin, Paris, or only occasionally been taken off for the purpose of changing Vienna, under the supposition that the schools of those cities Under chloroform, the arm was flexed and ex- are better supplied. straps, &c. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, tended twice; it is still kept extended on the inclined plane. B. M. W. April 7th.-Motion kept up in the joint every day under March, 1859. ,chloroform; the arm still kept extended. There has been no bad symptom up to this period, nor any great amount of swellCOLLEGE OF DENTISTS OF ENGLAND. ing; in fact, the joint is gradually getting smaller. 21st.-The patient is now able to touch his mouth and the back of his head without even the assistance of his other hand. ON THE MEDICAL HISTORY AND TREATMENT OF The use of Heath’s splint discontinued, and the arm supported DISEASES OF THE TEETH. at a right angle in the ordinary arm rest. Wound healed, but DIET and modes of life in their influence on the organs of the sinus still discharges slightly. May 3rd.-To attend as an out-patient. Still keeps his arm mastication formed the subject of Dr. Richardson’s tenth lecin the rest, but can flex and extend it perfectly; he has also ture. Much of the matter relating to this topic had been incirecovered the use of his fingers. dentally introduced into the preceding lectures. On this occaDecember 1st.-The patient was again seen to-day. He is sion, therefore, the lecturer undertook rather to fill up the quite recovered, and motion is almost as good in the right arm omissions of former lectures than to compass a survey of the He can now lift a heavy whole subject in one. as in the left, even to rotation. Some introductory observations opened, in a pleasant vein, weight, and has returned to his employment. Remarks.-In this case the coronoid process of the ulna, not the question whether the teeth of uncivilized people were being diseased, was left, in order not to disturb the insertion or were not less subjected to disease than those of civilized of the brachialis anticus, which partly accounts for the perfect communities. The view that the ancient Egyptians were less flexion of the joint. It is also to be noticed that as much as affected by dental disease than modern nations was combated. possible was left of both the external and internal condyles of It was urged that the history of Egypt, as given by Herodotus, the humerus; and although but little bone was removed, no showed, not only that the practice of dentistry was carried on difficulty was found in keeping the ends apart, from the admi- as an art in ancient Egypt, but that dental art was carried to a rable construction of Heath’s splint. high degree of perfection. It was also stated that the preserved I cannot conclude without referring to the great advantage of bodies of Egypt showed evidence of dental disease, and of being able to dress and examine the parts without removing various artifices for stopping and otherwise preventing decay. the splint; also that during flexion, it prevents the arm bend- Facts were also narrated in reference to the aboriginal tribes of American Indians, whose teeth were affected by caries as ing in a lateral direction. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, markedly as in civilized tribes. From these data, the lecturer DAVID MICHAEL, argued that the general notion as to the perfect state of teeth United Hospital, Bath, 1859. in the uncivilized was wrong. At the same time, this in no House-Surgeon House-Surgeon. way told against the fact that the teeth were perfect in exact to the regular and simple obedience that was paid proporti’on NOVEL SUBSTITUTE FOR A FEMALE to the natural laws of life. Uncivilized nations were in some CATHETER. cases given to modes of life which were injurious to health, and in these the results were the same as in more refined To the Editor of THE LANCET. nations. In describing the effects of foods on the teeth, the SIR,-I beg respectfully to differ from Mr. Park in giving lecturer discussed the differences occurring at different periods the preference to the short pipe, so strongly recommended by of life. In the earliest periods-namely, when the first set of him, and think you will agree with me that the round head of teeth or the second set are being developed, the effects of diet the needle not only prevents the quill from lacerating the relatively must be considered as acting through the system. In mucous membrane of the urethra, but greatly facilitates its adult life, the tooth being fully developed, the organ by its construction -is so far intended for permanency, is so slowly introduction. In these days of smoking, I think with him, the short pipe modified in its nutrition, that its destruction by constitutional ’(not often found unsmoked) can generally be easily procured; causes is of necessity much reduced. Hence we are bound to but amongst unmarried females, for whom assistance is more admit in these periods the influence of external agencies. A often required, the quill and needle are, I should say, the more variety of these agencies were now enumerated, which may be considered as chemically influencing the dental structure, readily obtained. and several experiments were related bearing on external am, Sir, your obedient servant, ALLEN DUKE, M. M.D. D. Chichester, March. 1859. agencies, the experiments being illustrated by the exhibition of teeth that had been subjected to different chemical solutions. From these experiments it was rendered clear that even feeble THE ANATOMY ACT. acid solutions placed in contact with the enamel exert a deTo the Editor of THE LANCET. cided solvent power over that structure. In health, the influSIR,-Since Mr. Hawkins has thought proper to impugn the ences of the acids taken as foods or condiments were prevented - correctness of my statement, I trust your well known love of from acting injuriously by the rapid removal of the solutions, and by the neutralizing power of the saliva; but in some fair play will induce you to allow me a few lines in reply. It would seem strange to say that the Inspector of Anatomy varieties of dyspeptic diseases the reaction of the saliva is mois misinformed, but, after further inquiry, I can assure him of dified, and an acid condition of the salival secretion may be the fact that, when I wrote my former letter, only twenty-five considered as favouring external caries. The effect of sacchasubjects had been received in our dissecting-rooms; and that rine substances on the teeth was considered as harmless, unless now, at the end of the session, there have been only twenty- acetous change were developed; while putrefying animal matters were considered as not having any direct power in the denine bodies to satisfy the urgent claims of at least 150 men. When Mr. Hawkins writes that " there are not 200 regis- struction of the enamel. Some curiously interesting points were also noticed in regard ,te1’ed students at any hospital in London," he is perfectly correct; but he must remember that, according to the new rules, to the cause of dental decay amongst men engaged in the naval only two years’ registration in anatomy is required, so that by service, and in persons resident on some parts of the sea-coast. taking the number of dissectors from the college registration The hypothesis that this condition is due to exposure of the list. he is likely to leave out all the third-year’s students and teeth to a peculiar air was met by the statement that the carious condition of the teeth refeired to was not universal upwards. I cannot suppose that the Inspector of Anatomy would scout amongst seamen nor yet amongst sea-coast residents. The the idea of a scarcity of subjects, and treat the complaints of effect, when it occurred, was more likely due to diet,-i. e., to

half an inch apart. Water dressing was again apand the arm placed on an inclined plane, resting on two small pillows, with the wound depending between them, the one placed above, the other below, so as to keep off all pressure

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the free use of acid beverages, or some other peculiarity of diet. Apothecaries’ Hall, 3lareh 10th, 1859. After noticing the influences of sex, of occupation, and of stiRESOLVED,-That gentlemen who have passed the Middle* mulants, the lecturer concluded by remarking on the habit of Class Examinations of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge, smoking, and its results. This habit, he believed, led to no or the Matriculation Examination of the University of London. direct chemical action on the teeth, but, by producing dys- be exempted from the Preliminary Examination of this Court, ALFRED M. RANDALL, pepsia, it induced vitiated salival secretion, with a deposit of RA1’DA.LL, "tartar,"-systemic derangement leading to neuralgia, and, by Secretary to the Court of Examiners. direct action on the gums, a spongy condition of the same, REMAINSOF HUNTER.-The profession will be glad to. and local hæmorrhagic tendency. learn that the Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey have given permission to the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons of England to re-inter the remains of John Hunter in, the Abbey, on Monday, the 28th inst., at four o’clock. Tickets of admission will be granted, on personal application at the after which no further applicationuntil the 25th College, ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS.-The following gentle- can be received. A listinst., of subscribers, for a statue to Hunter, men, having undergone the necessary examinations for the been opened at the College, and already nearly .6200 have diploma, were admitted members of the College, at a meeting has been received. Mr. South, Vice-President, has kindly conof Examiners on the llth inst. :of the Court sented to act as honorary secretary. BRIDGER, JOHN, Cottenham, Cambridgeshire. CLARK, GEORGE, Newcastle. MORE QUACKERY.-Another case has been taken up Cox, HENRY, Gray’s inn-lane. and treated with success by the " London Medical RegisCUTHBERTSON, WILLIAM HARRisoN, Lower Dorset-street, tration Association." Mr. Bowen May (their solicitor) proDublin. cured a summons last Wednesday against Andre Fresco, of DUKE, STEPHEN, Chichester. New Oxford-street, for obtaining money under false pretences HAMILTON, JOHN BuTLER, Lower Mount-street, Dublin. from a Mrs. Jones. On Thursday this Fresco tried a case in HEMPHILL, JAMES PATTON, Myroe, Co. Derry. the Bloomsbury County Court to recover £4from Mrs. Jones’sHOOPER, CLARENCE, Wootton-Bassett, Wiltshire. husband. The answer to it was that the plaintiff had imposed on Mrs. Jones, who swore that she was induced to consult JEDERTON, FREDERICK, St. John-street, Manchester. ROBERTS, ANTHONY TUCKER, Old Cavendish-street. Fresco then believing he was a " surgeon-dentist," and posSAviLE, ROBERT, Nafferton, near Driffield, Yorkshire. sessed of the "diploma of Dr. Cocks," both of which turned out STEWART, CHARLES JOHN, Montague-place, Kentish-town. to be delusive. The latter was proved by a letter from Mr. The following gentlemen were admitted members on the 14th Edward Cock to Mr. Bowen May, to the following effect :" St. Thomas’-street, E.C., March 9th, 1859. inst. :have no DEAR whatever of Mr. Fresco, SIR,-I knowledge RICHARD BRIGSTOCKE, WHISH, Melford, Pembrokeshire. except from his advertisements; and the use which he makes CARTER, ROBERT, Dublin. of my name is an impudent falsehood. CooKsoN, JOHN FowI,ER, Preston, Lancashire. I am, dear Sir, yours very faithfully, ROBERT CUMMINGS, Newcastle-on-Tyne. GIBB, EDWARD COCK." LYEL, BENJAMIN BELL, White Horse-lane, Stepney. Of course the verdict of the Court JAMES Cork. County Judge was for the M’DERMOTT, LEMESNEY, Kinsale, defendant, with costs. MAHONY, JOHN, Sandymount, Co. Tipperary. MORDUE, ROBERT DixoN, Newcastle-on-Tyne. GARDNER v. GODFREY.-The scandal of this case has NELL, GEORGE MICHAEL, Negapatam, East Indies. not yet ceased. A publisher of a local East London paper has O’HARA, DANIEL MURRAY, Hannahstown, near Belfast. reiterated the charges against Dr. Godfrey in language which READ, REGINALD BLIGH, Jewin-street, City. is held to be libellous, and was held to bail to appear and The following gentlemen were admitted members on the 16th answer a criminal indictment at the Central Criminal Court. inst. :DR. CoRvISART’s EXPERIMIENTS.-WE are glad to find GEOGHEGAN, G. EDWARD, Rathmines, Dublin. that Professors Meissner and Funke have obtained the same M’KEEVER, JOHN, Cape of Good Hope. results as Dr. Corvisart whilst making experiments on the OWEN, GEORGE, Machynlleth, Montgomeryshire. properties of the pancreatic juice, set forth by this physician RINGER, SYDNEY, Norwich. in a late number of this journal (ante, p. 209). Dr. Corvisart ROBERTS, FRANCIS, Nelson-street, Dublin. has lately repeated his experiments before M. Snellen, pupil ScoTT, JOHN ALEXANDER, Baymount, Clontarf, Dublin. of Donders of Utrecht, and M. Kuhne, pupil of the chemist WILL, GEORGE ELMSLY, Friendville, Aberdeen. Wohler, and has again confirmed the truth of the propositions At the same meeting of the Court, Mr. JOHN LINTON offered in the paper mentioned above. An account of these PALMER, of H. M. S. James Watt, passed his examination for latter experiments has been sent to Gottingen, where doubts Naval Surgeon. This gentleman had previously been admitted havebeen raised respecting the theory by two professors who. had imperfectly repeated the experiments. a member of the College, his diploma bearing date Feb. 5th, 1847. THE MEDICAL OFFICERS OF THE 58TH.-Last, but most not least, we have to express, in connexion with thecertainly APOTHECARIES’ HALL. - Names of gentlemen who of the 58th, the regret with which we see the medipassed their examination in the science and practice of medi- departure cal gentlemen connected with that corps leaving our shores. on and received certificates to cine, practise, The senior amongst them, Dr. Thompson, is a gentleman who will be long remembered in Auckland, and not only by those Thursday, March 10th, 1859. who have had the pleasure of his acquaintance, and by those. BREND, WILLIAM, Bideford, Devon. who have benefited by his professional knowledge, but by Huddersfield. ALEXANDER, Hanley, Dvsorr, all who have ever read the valuable statistical reports which Evavs, MAURICE BIBBY, Glasgoed, Oswestry. GARNHAM, RICHARD WILLIAM, Peninsular and Oriental he has furnished to the province of Auckland-writings which will long remain on record amongst us as proofs not only of the Company. scientific abilities of Dr. Thompson, but of his good feeling and HARRISON, ALFRED JAMES, Belper, Derbyshire. MEDCALF, GEORGE, Royal West Indian Mail Steam readiness to give the benefit of those abilities to the country in which he has now so long sojourned. The members of the Packet Company. " Medical Association" in Auckland entertained our departing STEDMAN, JAMES HENRY, Norwich. friends at a farewell dinner. The Provincial Surgeon (Dr. WALKER, JOHN HARRISON, Yorkshire. McGauran) and Dr. Philson (an old 58th man) occupied the WYATT, ARTHUR, Bedford. two opposite ends of the table. Drs. Tidd and Snell, of the The following gentlemen also, on the same day, passed their 58th, were, with Dr. Thompson, the guests of the evening. first examination :Both of the former gentlemen, we may say without flattery, have been amongst us only long enough to make us regret their GODWIN, CHARLES HENRY YOUNG, Bishopstoke, Hants. LuMSDEN, WILLIAM, Hull. leaving us so soon. It is certainly pleasant in Auckland to turn ScoTT, HENRY THOMAS, Henry’s-place, Kent-road. occasionally from men and subjects not to be discussed without

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