- Email: [email protected]
Comment on: Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient
IDCases xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
IDCases journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/idcases
Editorial
Comment on: Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient
To the Editor, Chen et al. recently published their report on Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient [1]. The genus Nocardia are partially acid-fast, Gram-positive and relatively slow growth bacteria which are lives in environment resources such as water, soil, milk and decaying vegetable. These group of bacteria cause dangerous infectious disease, nocardiosis, by entering the respiratory tract or traumatic inclusion. Accurate identification at the genus level includes: colonial morphology, Gram stain, partially acid-fast, growth in lysozyme broth, biochemical test (Hydrolysis of amino acids such as hypoxanthine, xanthine, tyrosine, casein, gelatin and urea, production of nitrate reductase, growth at 35 °C and 45 °C, and utilization of some carbohydrates) and molecular methods such as PCR-sequencing and PCR-RFLP using 16S rRNA, hsp65, 16–23S rRNA (ITS), rpoB and secA. Moreover, appropriate treatment of nocardial infections depends on accurate identification of Nocardia species because each species are different susceptibility drug patterns [2,3]. I’m request the authors attend to the following questions. 1. Please explain the Nocardia isolation method, which was not mentioned in the report 2. Based on scientific evidence, growth in lysozyme broth is important for the genus Nocardia identification [4]. but in this study, used of Gram-stain and partially acid-fast characteristics. While according to the reports, other partially acid-fast bacteria such as Rhodococcus and Gordonia are able cause of disseminated and blood-stream infections [5,6]. therefore, please explain how Nocardia was identified at the genus level. References [1] Chen J, Pan J, Filicko-O’Hara J, Kasner M, Flomenberg P. Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient. IDCases 2017;9:73–6. [2] Brown-Elliott BA, Brown JM, Conville PS, Wallace RJ. Clinical and laboratory features of the Nocardia spp: based on current molecular taxonomy. Clin Microbiol Rev 2006;19:259–82. [3] Wallace RJ, Steele LC. Susceptibility testing of Nocardia species for the clinical laboratory. Diagn Microbial Infect Dis 1988;9:155–66. [4] Goodfellow M. Characterisation of mycobacterium, nocardia, corynebacterium and related taxa. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop 1973;53(4):287–98. [5] Antinori S, Esposito R, Cernuachi M, Galli M, Galimberti L, Tocalli L, et al. Disseminated Rhodococcus equi infection initially presenting as foot mycetoma in an HIV-positive patient. AIDS 1992;6(7):740–1. [6] Verma P, Brown JM, Nunez VH, Morey RE, Steigerwalt AG, Pellegrini GJ, et al. Native valve endocarditis due to Gordonia polyisoprenivorans: case report and review of literature of bloodstream infections caused by Gordonia species. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44(5):1905. ⁎
Masoud Keikha Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran E-mail address: [email protected]
⁎
Corresponding author. Tel.: +98-9386836425.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2017.08.013 Received 11 August 2017 2214-2509/ © 2017 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/).
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
IDCases journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/idcases
Editorial
Comment on: Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient
To the Editor, Chen et al. recently published their report on Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient [1]. The genus Nocardia are partially acid-fast, Gram-positive and relatively slow growth bacteria which are lives in environment resources such as water, soil, milk and decaying vegetable. These group of bacteria cause dangerous infectious disease, nocardiosis, by entering the respiratory tract or traumatic inclusion. Accurate identification at the genus level includes: colonial morphology, Gram stain, partially acid-fast, growth in lysozyme broth, biochemical test (Hydrolysis of amino acids such as hypoxanthine, xanthine, tyrosine, casein, gelatin and urea, production of nitrate reductase, growth at 35 °C and 45 °C, and utilization of some carbohydrates) and molecular methods such as PCR-sequencing and PCR-RFLP using 16S rRNA, hsp65, 16–23S rRNA (ITS), rpoB and secA. Moreover, appropriate treatment of nocardial infections depends on accurate identification of Nocardia species because each species are different susceptibility drug patterns [2,3]. I’m request the authors attend to the following questions. 1. Please explain the Nocardia isolation method, which was not mentioned in the report 2. Based on scientific evidence, growth in lysozyme broth is important for the genus Nocardia identification [4]. but in this study, used of Gram-stain and partially acid-fast characteristics. While according to the reports, other partially acid-fast bacteria such as Rhodococcus and Gordonia are able cause of disseminated and blood-stream infections [5,6]. therefore, please explain how Nocardia was identified at the genus level. References [1] Chen J, Pan J, Filicko-O’Hara J, Kasner M, Flomenberg P. Disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgia causing pancreatitis in a haploidentical stem cell transplant recipient. IDCases 2017;9:73–6. [2] Brown-Elliott BA, Brown JM, Conville PS, Wallace RJ. Clinical and laboratory features of the Nocardia spp: based on current molecular taxonomy. Clin Microbiol Rev 2006;19:259–82. [3] Wallace RJ, Steele LC. Susceptibility testing of Nocardia species for the clinical laboratory. Diagn Microbial Infect Dis 1988;9:155–66. [4] Goodfellow M. Characterisation of mycobacterium, nocardia, corynebacterium and related taxa. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop 1973;53(4):287–98. [5] Antinori S, Esposito R, Cernuachi M, Galli M, Galimberti L, Tocalli L, et al. Disseminated Rhodococcus equi infection initially presenting as foot mycetoma in an HIV-positive patient. AIDS 1992;6(7):740–1. [6] Verma P, Brown JM, Nunez VH, Morey RE, Steigerwalt AG, Pellegrini GJ, et al. Native valve endocarditis due to Gordonia polyisoprenivorans: case report and review of literature of bloodstream infections caused by Gordonia species. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44(5):1905. ⁎
Masoud Keikha Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran E-mail address: [email protected]
⁎
Corresponding author. Tel.: +98-9386836425.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2017.08.013 Received 11 August 2017 2214-2509/ © 2017 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/).