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Comparison of interferon gamma release assay & tuberculin skin tests for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in patients on maintenance haemodialysis
indian journal of tuberculosis 62 (2015) 244–249
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect journal homepage: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/ indian-journal-of-tuberculosis/
Abstracts
Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia
Palmer LB. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2015;3(11):823–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00361-6 The diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infections in mechanically ventilated patients have become increasingly controversial. In addition to the clinical importance of prevention and treatment of ventilator-associated infections, there are now political and economical pressures to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, as long as endotracheal intubation remains the gold standard method of providing ventilator support to critically ill patients, pathogenic bacteria will migrate to and, in some cases, flourish in the airway in the milieu of damaged mucosa and impaired host defences.
patients were positive for either of the two tests. Poor agreement was shown between the two methods. On logistic regression analysis, odds of QFT-GIT to be positive in patients with BCG vaccination was 1.23 and with history of TB 0.99, both being insignificant. Odds of tuberculin skin test to be positive in patients with BCG vaccination was 1.04 and with history of TB 0.99, both again being insignificant. Interpretation & conclusions: Our findings showed that more number of patients (36%) on haemodialysis were positive for QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube test as compared to TST (17%). There was poor agreement between the two tests. No significant effect of BCG vaccination and history of TB in past was observed on both tests. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2016.01.010 Double trouble: Tuberculosis and substance abuse in Nagaland, India
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2016.01.009 Comparison of interferon gamma release assay & tuberculin skin tests for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in patients on maintenance haemodialysis
Agarwal SK, Singh UB, Zaidi SH, Gupta S, Pandey RM. Indian Journal of Medical Research 2015;141(4):463–468. http://dx.doi. org/10.4103/0971-5916.159297 Background & objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infection in patients on haemodialysis. There is a definite role of treatment of latent TB (LTB) in these patients. However, diagnosis of LTB in these patients by tuberculin skin test (TST) is unreliable. There is suggestion that interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) will be more reliable test for diagnosis of LTB in this setting. Thus, we evaluated value of IGRA and TST for the diagnosis of LTB in patients on dialysis in an Indian setting. Methods: Patients with end stage kidney disease on dialysis were included. Patients with active TB were excluded. Each patient was subjected to TST (induration of ≥10 mm was taken as positive) and QuantiFERON TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) for diagnosis of LTB. Results: A total of 185 patients were included; 129 (69.7%) were males and mean age was 36.7 12.3 yr. Past history of TB was present in 18 (9.7%) patients. One hundred and thirty four (72.4%) patients had scar of BCG vaccination. QFT-GIT test was positive in 66 (36%), TST in 32 (17%) and both in 13 (7%) patients. Of the 66 patients positive with QFT-GIT, only 13 (19.6%) were positive for TST. Of the 32 patients positive with TST, only 13 (40.6%) were positive with QFT-GIT; 100 (54%) patients were negative for both the tests. Overall, 85 (45.9%)
Shenoy R, Das M, Mansoor H, Anicete R, Wangshu L, Meren S, Ao I, Saranchuk P, Reid AJ, Isaakidis P. Public Health Action 2015;5(3):180–182. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.15.0019 The diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in people who use and/or inject illicit drugs (PWUIDs) remains a barrier to achieving universal coverage for TB in India and globally. This report describes treatment outcomes in PWUIDs who received treatment for drug-susceptible TB at the Mon District Hospital in Nagaland, India, during 2012–2013. The median age of the patients was 39 years, and most (92%) were males. Two thirds (33/49) of the patients had a successful TB treatment outcome. A previous TB episode and residence in a semi-urban area were associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Separate diagnostic and treatment algorithms, including regular adherence counselling and opioid substitution therapies, should be considered for PWUIDs. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2016.01.011 Genetic and chemical validation identifies Mycobacterium tuberculosis topoisomerase I as an attractive anti-tubercular target
Ravishankar S, Ambady A, Awasthy D, Mudugal NV, Menasinakai S, Jatheendranath S, Guptha S, Sharma S, Balakrishnan G, Nandishaiah R, Ramachandran V, Eyermann CJ, Reck F, Rudrapatna S, Sambandamurthy VK, Sharma UK. Tuberculosis 2015;95(5):589–598. http://dx.doi.or//10.1016/j.tube.2015.05.004
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect journal homepage: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/ indian-journal-of-tuberculosis/
Abstracts
Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia
Palmer LB. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2015;3(11):823–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00361-6 The diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infections in mechanically ventilated patients have become increasingly controversial. In addition to the clinical importance of prevention and treatment of ventilator-associated infections, there are now political and economical pressures to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, as long as endotracheal intubation remains the gold standard method of providing ventilator support to critically ill patients, pathogenic bacteria will migrate to and, in some cases, flourish in the airway in the milieu of damaged mucosa and impaired host defences.
patients were positive for either of the two tests. Poor agreement was shown between the two methods. On logistic regression analysis, odds of QFT-GIT to be positive in patients with BCG vaccination was 1.23 and with history of TB 0.99, both being insignificant. Odds of tuberculin skin test to be positive in patients with BCG vaccination was 1.04 and with history of TB 0.99, both again being insignificant. Interpretation & conclusions: Our findings showed that more number of patients (36%) on haemodialysis were positive for QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube test as compared to TST (17%). There was poor agreement between the two tests. No significant effect of BCG vaccination and history of TB in past was observed on both tests. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2016.01.010 Double trouble: Tuberculosis and substance abuse in Nagaland, India
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2016.01.009 Comparison of interferon gamma release assay & tuberculin skin tests for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in patients on maintenance haemodialysis
Agarwal SK, Singh UB, Zaidi SH, Gupta S, Pandey RM. Indian Journal of Medical Research 2015;141(4):463–468. http://dx.doi. org/10.4103/0971-5916.159297 Background & objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infection in patients on haemodialysis. There is a definite role of treatment of latent TB (LTB) in these patients. However, diagnosis of LTB in these patients by tuberculin skin test (TST) is unreliable. There is suggestion that interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) will be more reliable test for diagnosis of LTB in this setting. Thus, we evaluated value of IGRA and TST for the diagnosis of LTB in patients on dialysis in an Indian setting. Methods: Patients with end stage kidney disease on dialysis were included. Patients with active TB were excluded. Each patient was subjected to TST (induration of ≥10 mm was taken as positive) and QuantiFERON TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) for diagnosis of LTB. Results: A total of 185 patients were included; 129 (69.7%) were males and mean age was 36.7 12.3 yr. Past history of TB was present in 18 (9.7%) patients. One hundred and thirty four (72.4%) patients had scar of BCG vaccination. QFT-GIT test was positive in 66 (36%), TST in 32 (17%) and both in 13 (7%) patients. Of the 66 patients positive with QFT-GIT, only 13 (19.6%) were positive for TST. Of the 32 patients positive with TST, only 13 (40.6%) were positive with QFT-GIT; 100 (54%) patients were negative for both the tests. Overall, 85 (45.9%)
Shenoy R, Das M, Mansoor H, Anicete R, Wangshu L, Meren S, Ao I, Saranchuk P, Reid AJ, Isaakidis P. Public Health Action 2015;5(3):180–182. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.15.0019 The diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in people who use and/or inject illicit drugs (PWUIDs) remains a barrier to achieving universal coverage for TB in India and globally. This report describes treatment outcomes in PWUIDs who received treatment for drug-susceptible TB at the Mon District Hospital in Nagaland, India, during 2012–2013. The median age of the patients was 39 years, and most (92%) were males. Two thirds (33/49) of the patients had a successful TB treatment outcome. A previous TB episode and residence in a semi-urban area were associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Separate diagnostic and treatment algorithms, including regular adherence counselling and opioid substitution therapies, should be considered for PWUIDs. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2016.01.011 Genetic and chemical validation identifies Mycobacterium tuberculosis topoisomerase I as an attractive anti-tubercular target
Ravishankar S, Ambady A, Awasthy D, Mudugal NV, Menasinakai S, Jatheendranath S, Guptha S, Sharma S, Balakrishnan G, Nandishaiah R, Ramachandran V, Eyermann CJ, Reck F, Rudrapatna S, Sambandamurthy VK, Sharma UK. Tuberculosis 2015;95(5):589–598. http://dx.doi.or//10.1016/j.tube.2015.05.004