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Comparison of Needle Aspiration and Solid Biopsy Technics in the Flow Cytometric Study of DNA Distributions of Surgically Resected Tumors
ONCOLOGY AND CHEMOTHERAPY
patients according to the effectiveness of the immune response reactivity presently are undeveloped. However, such factors warrant study if appropriate application of immunological intervention is to become useful clinically. The design of future investigations must consider these factors and recognize as well the necessity to conduct randomized prospective trials of such approaches because of the unpredictable natural history of tumor behavior in an individual patient. Certainly, clinical failures due to distant metastatic disease imply the urgent need for the development of effective systemic therapy to assist successfully regional surgery in the containment of developing tumors, and to provide a means whereby already disseminated dii;ease can be abolished. G. P. M. 1 figure, 100 references
Comparison of Needle Aspiration and Solid Biopsy Technics in the Flow Cytometric Study of DNA Distributions of Surgically Resected Tumors E. GREENBAUM, L. G. Koss, A. B. SHERMAN AND F. ELEQUIN, Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
Amer. J. Clin. Path., 82: 559-564 (Nov.) 1984 The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) distribution of solid human tumors has been shown to be useful in the prognostic evaluation of patients with cancer. The study of DNA patterns in solid human tumors by flow cytometry has been based hitherto on processing of tissue samples, aspirated material obtained for diagnostic purposes by thin needles, or tissue samples and fine-needle aspirates interchangeably. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content of nuclei was performed on simultaneously obtained tissue samples and needle aspirates from 37 primary colorectal cancers and 21 other tumors. There was a marked increase in the proportion of the nondiploid cell population in 18 of 58 aspirates compared to the corresponding tissue samples, presumably because of selective aspiration of tumor cells. The difference was significant (p <0.01) by a paired t test and was most pronounced in tumors in which a nondiploid population constituted more than 20 per cent of the sample. The difference did not correlate with the grade or stage of the tumor. These observations suggest that the sampling of surgically resected tissue specimens for DNA analysis by flow cytometry is performed best by needle aspirations, which may increase the yield of nondiploid cells, does not interfere with histological diagnosis and may prove useful especially in the analysis of small surgical specimens. W. W. K. 2 figures, 2 tables, 20 references
A Complication of the Implantable Constant Infusion Chemotherapy Pump J. J. PIETRAFITTA, Department of Surgery and Section of Surgical Oncology, University Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
921
is a newer alternative for treatment of metastatic cancer to the liver. The pump used in this case was a new implantable chemotherapy delivery system devised originally by Blackshear. N. J. 7 figures, 2 references
Inhibition of Acetate Incorporation Into Lipids by Adriamycin C. OKANO, Y. HOKAMA AND S. C. CHOU, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii Res. Comm. Chem. Path. Pharm., 46: 293-296 (Nov.) 1984 Doxorubicin has been shown to have an impact on many aspects of the lipid system. Previous in vivo studies have shown doxorubicin to cause hypocholesterolemia in addition to increasing the total lipids and triglycerides in the serum. Similarly, in vitro studies have shown that doxorubicin promotes lipid peroxidation, alters the structural organization of membrane-bound lipid and has been shown to have a high affinity to negatively charged phospholipids, particularly cardiolipin (a phospholipid located within the inner mitochondrial membrane of cardiac muscle cells). It has been suggested that the strong affinity of doxorubicin to cardiolipin may be a causal factor in regard to doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity. The authors assessed the effect of doxorubicin upon 14carbon (1 4 C) acetate incorporation into lipids using neonatal rat cardiomycete tissue cultures. In addition, the effect of doxorubicin upon neutral lipids and phospholipids was investigated. Forty-eight hours after the cardiomycete cultures were plated 0.5 µCi. (2- 14C-acetate) and doxorubicin were added to the experimental system. The control groups received 14C-acetate only. After 24 hours of incubation with doxorubicin in concentrations of 5 or 50 µmol. it was noted that acetate incorporation was inhibited 60 and 78 per cent, respectively. In addition, the authors used the same experimental system to observe the effect of doxorubicin upon extractable neutral lipids and phospholipids as assessed by thin layer chromatography. Doxorubicin was shown to inhibit markedly all groups of lipids, with the exception of cholesterol ester. In fact, at 50 µmol. concentrations of the drug, cholesterol inhibition approached 77.6 per cent. Finally, doxorubicin exhibited a broad-spectrum inhibition upon all groups of phospholipids, including cardiolipin. The structural and functional integrity of the cell membrane is related integrally to its cholesterol and phospholipid content. Subtle changes in the ratios of these 2 moieties may have dramatic effects upon the fluidity of the cell membrane as well as the activity of several membrane-bound enzyme systems, such as sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase. This study demonstrates clearly that doxorubicin can inhibit 14C-acetate incorporation into literally all major classes of lipids except cholesterol ester. These observations shed additional light on the potential mechanism whereby doxorubicin can induce its cardiotoxic effects. J. M. K. 2 tables, 12 references
J. Surg. Oncol., 27: 243-247 (Dec.) 1984 The author presents a complication of continuous infusion chemotherapy, that is a ruptured catheter due to the high pressure in a 62-year-old man with colon cancer and metastases to the liver. The problems of metastatic diseases to the liver and lack of effective therapy are discussed. Local liver infusion
A New Tumor Imaging Agent- 111In-Bleomycin Complex. Comparison With 67 Ga-Citrate and 57 Co-Bleomycin in Tumor-Bearing Animals D.-Y. Hou, H. HOCH, G. s. JOHNSTON, K. C. Tsou, A. E. JONES, E. E. MILLER AND s. M. LARSON, Department of
patients according to the effectiveness of the immune response reactivity presently are undeveloped. However, such factors warrant study if appropriate application of immunological intervention is to become useful clinically. The design of future investigations must consider these factors and recognize as well the necessity to conduct randomized prospective trials of such approaches because of the unpredictable natural history of tumor behavior in an individual patient. Certainly, clinical failures due to distant metastatic disease imply the urgent need for the development of effective systemic therapy to assist successfully regional surgery in the containment of developing tumors, and to provide a means whereby already disseminated dii;ease can be abolished. G. P. M. 1 figure, 100 references
Comparison of Needle Aspiration and Solid Biopsy Technics in the Flow Cytometric Study of DNA Distributions of Surgically Resected Tumors E. GREENBAUM, L. G. Koss, A. B. SHERMAN AND F. ELEQUIN, Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
Amer. J. Clin. Path., 82: 559-564 (Nov.) 1984 The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) distribution of solid human tumors has been shown to be useful in the prognostic evaluation of patients with cancer. The study of DNA patterns in solid human tumors by flow cytometry has been based hitherto on processing of tissue samples, aspirated material obtained for diagnostic purposes by thin needles, or tissue samples and fine-needle aspirates interchangeably. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content of nuclei was performed on simultaneously obtained tissue samples and needle aspirates from 37 primary colorectal cancers and 21 other tumors. There was a marked increase in the proportion of the nondiploid cell population in 18 of 58 aspirates compared to the corresponding tissue samples, presumably because of selective aspiration of tumor cells. The difference was significant (p <0.01) by a paired t test and was most pronounced in tumors in which a nondiploid population constituted more than 20 per cent of the sample. The difference did not correlate with the grade or stage of the tumor. These observations suggest that the sampling of surgically resected tissue specimens for DNA analysis by flow cytometry is performed best by needle aspirations, which may increase the yield of nondiploid cells, does not interfere with histological diagnosis and may prove useful especially in the analysis of small surgical specimens. W. W. K. 2 figures, 2 tables, 20 references
A Complication of the Implantable Constant Infusion Chemotherapy Pump J. J. PIETRAFITTA, Department of Surgery and Section of Surgical Oncology, University Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
921
is a newer alternative for treatment of metastatic cancer to the liver. The pump used in this case was a new implantable chemotherapy delivery system devised originally by Blackshear. N. J. 7 figures, 2 references
Inhibition of Acetate Incorporation Into Lipids by Adriamycin C. OKANO, Y. HOKAMA AND S. C. CHOU, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii Res. Comm. Chem. Path. Pharm., 46: 293-296 (Nov.) 1984 Doxorubicin has been shown to have an impact on many aspects of the lipid system. Previous in vivo studies have shown doxorubicin to cause hypocholesterolemia in addition to increasing the total lipids and triglycerides in the serum. Similarly, in vitro studies have shown that doxorubicin promotes lipid peroxidation, alters the structural organization of membrane-bound lipid and has been shown to have a high affinity to negatively charged phospholipids, particularly cardiolipin (a phospholipid located within the inner mitochondrial membrane of cardiac muscle cells). It has been suggested that the strong affinity of doxorubicin to cardiolipin may be a causal factor in regard to doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity. The authors assessed the effect of doxorubicin upon 14carbon (1 4 C) acetate incorporation into lipids using neonatal rat cardiomycete tissue cultures. In addition, the effect of doxorubicin upon neutral lipids and phospholipids was investigated. Forty-eight hours after the cardiomycete cultures were plated 0.5 µCi. (2- 14C-acetate) and doxorubicin were added to the experimental system. The control groups received 14C-acetate only. After 24 hours of incubation with doxorubicin in concentrations of 5 or 50 µmol. it was noted that acetate incorporation was inhibited 60 and 78 per cent, respectively. In addition, the authors used the same experimental system to observe the effect of doxorubicin upon extractable neutral lipids and phospholipids as assessed by thin layer chromatography. Doxorubicin was shown to inhibit markedly all groups of lipids, with the exception of cholesterol ester. In fact, at 50 µmol. concentrations of the drug, cholesterol inhibition approached 77.6 per cent. Finally, doxorubicin exhibited a broad-spectrum inhibition upon all groups of phospholipids, including cardiolipin. The structural and functional integrity of the cell membrane is related integrally to its cholesterol and phospholipid content. Subtle changes in the ratios of these 2 moieties may have dramatic effects upon the fluidity of the cell membrane as well as the activity of several membrane-bound enzyme systems, such as sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase. This study demonstrates clearly that doxorubicin can inhibit 14C-acetate incorporation into literally all major classes of lipids except cholesterol ester. These observations shed additional light on the potential mechanism whereby doxorubicin can induce its cardiotoxic effects. J. M. K. 2 tables, 12 references
J. Surg. Oncol., 27: 243-247 (Dec.) 1984 The author presents a complication of continuous infusion chemotherapy, that is a ruptured catheter due to the high pressure in a 62-year-old man with colon cancer and metastases to the liver. The problems of metastatic diseases to the liver and lack of effective therapy are discussed. Local liver infusion
A New Tumor Imaging Agent- 111In-Bleomycin Complex. Comparison With 67 Ga-Citrate and 57 Co-Bleomycin in Tumor-Bearing Animals D.-Y. Hou, H. HOCH, G. s. JOHNSTON, K. C. Tsou, A. E. JONES, E. E. MILLER AND s. M. LARSON, Department of