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Complete interruption of the aortic arch in infancy
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under 1 month of age. Eighteen were between 1 month and 1 year of age. These lesions were usually secondary to staphlococcic pneumonia or to other serious disease. In 38 the abscess cultured out staphlococcus, in 9 pseudomonis organisms. Fifty-four of the 58 patients died. At necropsy, muItiple abscesses of the liver, peritoneum and brain were noted. Many of these patients also had underlying diseases such as leukemia, nephrosis, and congenital heart disease.-W. K. Sieber. HISTIOCYTOMA (FIBROUS ZANTHOMA) OF THE LUNG. L. D. Dubilier, L. R. Bryant, and G. K. Danielson. Amer. J. Surg. 115:420-426 (March) 1968. Twenty-two cases of primary histiocytoma of the lung were found in the literature and the authors added one case of their own. Of these 23 patients, 6 were under 12 years of age and 2 were 17 years old. This article is abstracted because of the occurrence of this tumor in these latter 8 patients, over a third of the known reported cases. Primary tumors of the lung are rare in the pediatric age group and lesions found on x-rays of the chest are usually assumed to be metastatic. These histiocytomata are more frequently found in other parts of the body but may be primary pulmonary tumors. They may be caused by a virus. From the records it would appear that their rate of growth is variable and they are not confined to any specific part of the lung. They may produce no symptoms and be found as an incidenta finding on routine chest x-ray or they may produce bronchial irritation and hemoptysis. At exploration, tumors have a rather characteristic appearance, having a yellow color on a gray-tan background. The histologic appearance has been quite varied but usually includes an intimate intermixture of plump hystiocytes and spindle cells arranged in simple bundles and whorls and in the so-called “pinwheel” patterns. The nuclei are regular in size. Local excision, with a margin of normal pulmonarv tissue, is recommended. A detailed case report of a 5-year-old girl treated with local excision is given.--h’. K. Connolly.
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FAMILIAL ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT OF THE PRIMUM TYPE. J. Yao, M. W. Thompson, G. A. Trusler, and A. S. TrimbEe. Canad. Med. Assoc. J. 98:218-219, Jan. 27, 1968. This report presents a family in which 4 members of a sibship of 9 had atria1 septal defects of the primum type. The other 5 sibs and the
ABSTRACI’S
OF
PEDIATRIC
SURGERY
parents have been examined and are normal. Three of the 4 affected children have had open-heart correction of their ostium primum defects.-C. C.
Ferguson. COMPLETE INTERRUPTION OF THE AORTIC ARCH IN INFANCY. M. Rochette, P. Stanley, M. F. Ethier, and A. Dauignon. Canad. Med. Assoc. J. 98:131-139, Jan. 20, 1968. Three types of complete congenital interruption of the aortic arch occur. In Type A the interruption is situated below the left subclavian artery and the ductus arteriosus joins the distal aorta. In Type B, the interruption is just distal to the carotid arteries. The left subclavian artery has its origin distal to the ductus from the descending aorta. The right subclavian artery may have a normal origin or may be aberrant, arising also from the distaI aorta. Type C anomaly occurs when the interruption is situated between the two carotid arteries. In all types of the abnormality there is a high mortality rate with 80 per cent of infants dying within the first month of life. The authors report seven babies seen in the last 5 years with this anomaly. Six were Type B and one was Type A, Surgical correction was carried out in 5 infants, with 2 survivors.-C. C. Ferguson. HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF OCCLUDING THE FETAL DUCTW ARTEFUOSUS.A. J. Hder, Jr. and B. M. Rodgers. Amer. Surg. 34:200 (March) 1968. The fetal ductus arteriosus was ligated or clipped in dogs between 45 and 55 days of gestation (term 63 days). In most cases this resulted in thrombosis of the pulmonary artery with death of the fetus at delivery. After ductus closure the fetuses were studied with electrocardiography and pressure studies of the pulmonary artery and left atrium. Pressure increased immediately in both after ligation then gradually returned to normal. Fetal survival is ascribed to the ability of the foramen ovale to transmit the entire venous return from right to left heart.-E. J. Berman. PULMONARY ARTERY DEBANDING. A. R. C. Dobell, D. R. Murphy, and J. E. Gibbons. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 5:435442 (May) 1968. This is a short precise report of the experience with pulmonary artery debanding at the McGill University Medical Center, Montreal, Canada. Sixteen patients are reported between the ages of 1 and 15 months who had their banding procedures, all but one, before the tenth month of life. The
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under 1 month of age. Eighteen were between 1 month and 1 year of age. These lesions were usually secondary to staphlococcic pneumonia or to other serious disease. In 38 the abscess cultured out staphlococcus, in 9 pseudomonis organisms. Fifty-four of the 58 patients died. At necropsy, muItiple abscesses of the liver, peritoneum and brain were noted. Many of these patients also had underlying diseases such as leukemia, nephrosis, and congenital heart disease.-W. K. Sieber. HISTIOCYTOMA (FIBROUS ZANTHOMA) OF THE LUNG. L. D. Dubilier, L. R. Bryant, and G. K. Danielson. Amer. J. Surg. 115:420-426 (March) 1968. Twenty-two cases of primary histiocytoma of the lung were found in the literature and the authors added one case of their own. Of these 23 patients, 6 were under 12 years of age and 2 were 17 years old. This article is abstracted because of the occurrence of this tumor in these latter 8 patients, over a third of the known reported cases. Primary tumors of the lung are rare in the pediatric age group and lesions found on x-rays of the chest are usually assumed to be metastatic. These histiocytomata are more frequently found in other parts of the body but may be primary pulmonary tumors. They may be caused by a virus. From the records it would appear that their rate of growth is variable and they are not confined to any specific part of the lung. They may produce no symptoms and be found as an incidenta finding on routine chest x-ray or they may produce bronchial irritation and hemoptysis. At exploration, tumors have a rather characteristic appearance, having a yellow color on a gray-tan background. The histologic appearance has been quite varied but usually includes an intimate intermixture of plump hystiocytes and spindle cells arranged in simple bundles and whorls and in the so-called “pinwheel” patterns. The nuclei are regular in size. Local excision, with a margin of normal pulmonarv tissue, is recommended. A detailed case report of a 5-year-old girl treated with local excision is given.--h’. K. Connolly.
HEART
AND
GREAT
VESSELS
FAMILIAL ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT OF THE PRIMUM TYPE. J. Yao, M. W. Thompson, G. A. Trusler, and A. S. TrimbEe. Canad. Med. Assoc. J. 98:218-219, Jan. 27, 1968. This report presents a family in which 4 members of a sibship of 9 had atria1 septal defects of the primum type. The other 5 sibs and the
ABSTRACI’S
OF
PEDIATRIC
SURGERY
parents have been examined and are normal. Three of the 4 affected children have had open-heart correction of their ostium primum defects.-C. C.
Ferguson. COMPLETE INTERRUPTION OF THE AORTIC ARCH IN INFANCY. M. Rochette, P. Stanley, M. F. Ethier, and A. Dauignon. Canad. Med. Assoc. J. 98:131-139, Jan. 20, 1968. Three types of complete congenital interruption of the aortic arch occur. In Type A the interruption is situated below the left subclavian artery and the ductus arteriosus joins the distal aorta. In Type B, the interruption is just distal to the carotid arteries. The left subclavian artery has its origin distal to the ductus from the descending aorta. The right subclavian artery may have a normal origin or may be aberrant, arising also from the distaI aorta. Type C anomaly occurs when the interruption is situated between the two carotid arteries. In all types of the abnormality there is a high mortality rate with 80 per cent of infants dying within the first month of life. The authors report seven babies seen in the last 5 years with this anomaly. Six were Type B and one was Type A, Surgical correction was carried out in 5 infants, with 2 survivors.-C. C. Ferguson. HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF OCCLUDING THE FETAL DUCTW ARTEFUOSUS.A. J. Hder, Jr. and B. M. Rodgers. Amer. Surg. 34:200 (March) 1968. The fetal ductus arteriosus was ligated or clipped in dogs between 45 and 55 days of gestation (term 63 days). In most cases this resulted in thrombosis of the pulmonary artery with death of the fetus at delivery. After ductus closure the fetuses were studied with electrocardiography and pressure studies of the pulmonary artery and left atrium. Pressure increased immediately in both after ligation then gradually returned to normal. Fetal survival is ascribed to the ability of the foramen ovale to transmit the entire venous return from right to left heart.-E. J. Berman. PULMONARY ARTERY DEBANDING. A. R. C. Dobell, D. R. Murphy, and J. E. Gibbons. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 5:435442 (May) 1968. This is a short precise report of the experience with pulmonary artery debanding at the McGill University Medical Center, Montreal, Canada. Sixteen patients are reported between the ages of 1 and 15 months who had their banding procedures, all but one, before the tenth month of life. The