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Composite bearing materials
Abstracts of patents Compiled by Dr J. W. Youren, IMRU, Industrial Innovation, Queen Mary College (University of London)
wettability and adhesion to a resinot,s matrix material.
US PA TENTS
Borocarbon coated filaments
Manufacture of carbon filaments
Dixon, K. G. O. and Gill, R. M. (Morganite Research and Development Ltd) US Patent 3 619 139 (9 November 1971) Filaments of cellulose or acrylonitrile 15olymers or copolymers are pyrolysed above 900°C in a protective atmosphere in the presence of a carbon gettering material, preferably provided by carbonization of the cellulosic paper in which the filaments are wrapped.
Morelock, C. R. (General Electric Co) US Patent 3620836 (16 November 1971) Borocarbon coated filaments are prepared by pyrolysis of a mixture of I~CI~/H~ gas in the presence of a resistively heat conductive filament at 1000-1200°C. The hydrocarbon is one which reacts only with the BC1, at a given temperature depositing a borocarbon coating.
Reinforced polymers
Method of whiskers
polystyrene
and
its
co-
Hartlein, R. C. (Dow Corning Corp) US Patent 3 619 229 (9 November 1971) Polystyrene and copolymers are reinforced :by glass fibres previously coated with a silane coupling agent and a thermosetting polymer such as epoxy, phenolic, polyester, polyacrylate Ol melamine, yielding superior thermoplastic injection moulding composites. Method of making a metal impregnated carbon product
Hiratsuka, T. and Kanemaru, q'. (Nippon Carbon Co Ltd) US Patent 3 619 430 (9 November 1971) A seal with improved wear resistance under vibratory and rotary conditions at elevated temperature is produced by mixing 40/Lm particle size coke powder with a binder in a Banbury mixer and moulded to shape yielding a product of bulk density of 1.68-1.79. This is impregnated with a molten metal and then cooled to room temperature. Boron nitride fibre manufacture
Economy, J. and Anderson, R. V. (The Carborundum Co) US Patent 3 620 780 (16 November 1971). Fibres containing mtrogen and boron are produced by reacting 20-3.0.~m diameter boron and oxygen containing fibres with an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen. Boric oxide fibres, 10 ~m diameter are heated in ammonia to produce fibres of essentially boron nitride: these may include other constituents such as silica. End uses are insulation, textiles and reinforcement of plastics, ceramics and metals. Surface preparation of boron filaments for adhesive applications
Celentano, V. D. (General Electric Co) US Patent 3 620817 (16 November 1971) Boron filaments are surface treated with a polyfunctional organic coupling agent such as p-xylene dichloride or diglycidyl ether of bis-phenol A, at an appropriate temperature. This improves
186
COMPOSITESJuly 1972
growing
silicon
carbide
.~hyne, J. J. and Milewski, J. v. (General Technologies Corp) US Patent 3 622 272 (23 November 1971) High quality silicon carbide whiskers are grown in high yield by reacting 80-95% by volume hydrogen, 0"4-4% by volume hydrocarbon gas, 0"3-15% by volume carbon monoxide, and 3-10% by volume of inert carrier gas in a vapour of silicon monoxide at elevated temperature. The silicon carbide product is long length, hair-like whiskers. Tin-carbon fibre composites
Sara, R. V. (Union Carbide Corp) US I'atent 3 622 283 (23 November 1971) Low density, high strength tin composites are prepared by coating carbon fibres with a coupling agent and then bonding in parallel with a tin or tin hase alloy matrix.
Composite bearing materials
Giltrow, J. P. and Grattan, P. A. (NRDC) US Patent 3623981 (30 November 1971) Composite bearing materials with reduced wear characteristics are obtained by incorporating high modulus carbon fibres with a metal matrix; a lamellar solid such as molybdenum may be added. Metal is deposited by an electroless method on chopped carbon fibres and compacting this composite by heat and pressure or by powder metalltt~g~cal methods. Graphite-glass composition and method of making same
Godron, Y. G. (Compagnie de Saint Gobain) US Patent 3624005 (30 November 1971) Composites which can be shaped, machined, polished, etc, with the conductivity of graphite even with a high glass content, resist oxidation hetter than graphi, te and have good water resistance. Graphite is impregnated with glass when molten making an angle of less than 45 °. New glasses have the useful property of wetting graphite. Applications include bearings, rods and bars. Method to improve the impregnation of wood
Goulet, M. US Patent 3 624233 (30 November 1971) Wood is impregnated with a preservative, fire retardant or stabilizer by compressing across its grain for a short time, allowing it to recover and impregnating the wood while varying the pressure.
Elastomeric composition containing silicon carbide for use as an ablative coating
Process for coating an alpha-alumina body with an epoxy resin
Ramseyor, J. A. (Dow Corning Corp) US Patent 3623904 (30 November 1971) Aerospace vehicle surfaces are protected by an ablative composite consisting of an organo-silane polymer compounded with powdered silicon carbide and a high temperature decomposing fibre which melts in excess of 3000°F.
Hurley, G. F. (Tyco Laboratories Inc) US Patent 3 625 940 (7 December 1971) Improved sapphire-reinforced epoxy composites result from coating sapphire filaments with an organic silane to promote adhesion between the filaments and epoxy matrix. T h e coating is applied by absorption of a non-aqueous solution of the silane and an acid.
Self-bonded filament wound article and process for making the same
Filament blend products
Wincklhafer, R. C. and Weedon, G. C. (Allied Chemical Corp) US Patent 3 623 928 (30 November 1971) An article is made .by winding on to a mandrel a polymeric filament, where one polymer is dispersed as a fibril in a lower melting point polymeric matrix, followed by heating to bond, the temperature being sufficient to bond the matrix but below the melting point of the dispersed fibrils. This allows them to self-bond and compact due to the composite shrinkage.
Caroselli, R. F. and Mennerich, F. A. (Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp) US Patent 3 625 809 (7 December 1971) Composite yarn consists of a relatively inextensible high strength glass fibre, helically overw, rapp.ed about a core of straight organic resin filaments such as rayon or nylon. Application of a tensile force straightens the glass and the overwrapped organic fibres. Proper selection of both filaments results in a yarn which breaks at approximately the combined breaking strength of the glass and organic fibres.
wettability and adhesion to a resinot,s matrix material.
US PA TENTS
Borocarbon coated filaments
Manufacture of carbon filaments
Dixon, K. G. O. and Gill, R. M. (Morganite Research and Development Ltd) US Patent 3 619 139 (9 November 1971) Filaments of cellulose or acrylonitrile 15olymers or copolymers are pyrolysed above 900°C in a protective atmosphere in the presence of a carbon gettering material, preferably provided by carbonization of the cellulosic paper in which the filaments are wrapped.
Morelock, C. R. (General Electric Co) US Patent 3620836 (16 November 1971) Borocarbon coated filaments are prepared by pyrolysis of a mixture of I~CI~/H~ gas in the presence of a resistively heat conductive filament at 1000-1200°C. The hydrocarbon is one which reacts only with the BC1, at a given temperature depositing a borocarbon coating.
Reinforced polymers
Method of whiskers
polystyrene
and
its
co-
Hartlein, R. C. (Dow Corning Corp) US Patent 3 619 229 (9 November 1971) Polystyrene and copolymers are reinforced :by glass fibres previously coated with a silane coupling agent and a thermosetting polymer such as epoxy, phenolic, polyester, polyacrylate Ol melamine, yielding superior thermoplastic injection moulding composites. Method of making a metal impregnated carbon product
Hiratsuka, T. and Kanemaru, q'. (Nippon Carbon Co Ltd) US Patent 3 619 430 (9 November 1971) A seal with improved wear resistance under vibratory and rotary conditions at elevated temperature is produced by mixing 40/Lm particle size coke powder with a binder in a Banbury mixer and moulded to shape yielding a product of bulk density of 1.68-1.79. This is impregnated with a molten metal and then cooled to room temperature. Boron nitride fibre manufacture
Economy, J. and Anderson, R. V. (The Carborundum Co) US Patent 3 620 780 (16 November 1971). Fibres containing mtrogen and boron are produced by reacting 20-3.0.~m diameter boron and oxygen containing fibres with an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen. Boric oxide fibres, 10 ~m diameter are heated in ammonia to produce fibres of essentially boron nitride: these may include other constituents such as silica. End uses are insulation, textiles and reinforcement of plastics, ceramics and metals. Surface preparation of boron filaments for adhesive applications
Celentano, V. D. (General Electric Co) US Patent 3 620817 (16 November 1971) Boron filaments are surface treated with a polyfunctional organic coupling agent such as p-xylene dichloride or diglycidyl ether of bis-phenol A, at an appropriate temperature. This improves
186
COMPOSITESJuly 1972
growing
silicon
carbide
.~hyne, J. J. and Milewski, J. v. (General Technologies Corp) US Patent 3 622 272 (23 November 1971) High quality silicon carbide whiskers are grown in high yield by reacting 80-95% by volume hydrogen, 0"4-4% by volume hydrocarbon gas, 0"3-15% by volume carbon monoxide, and 3-10% by volume of inert carrier gas in a vapour of silicon monoxide at elevated temperature. The silicon carbide product is long length, hair-like whiskers. Tin-carbon fibre composites
Sara, R. V. (Union Carbide Corp) US I'atent 3 622 283 (23 November 1971) Low density, high strength tin composites are prepared by coating carbon fibres with a coupling agent and then bonding in parallel with a tin or tin hase alloy matrix.
Composite bearing materials
Giltrow, J. P. and Grattan, P. A. (NRDC) US Patent 3623981 (30 November 1971) Composite bearing materials with reduced wear characteristics are obtained by incorporating high modulus carbon fibres with a metal matrix; a lamellar solid such as molybdenum may be added. Metal is deposited by an electroless method on chopped carbon fibres and compacting this composite by heat and pressure or by powder metalltt~g~cal methods. Graphite-glass composition and method of making same
Godron, Y. G. (Compagnie de Saint Gobain) US Patent 3624005 (30 November 1971) Composites which can be shaped, machined, polished, etc, with the conductivity of graphite even with a high glass content, resist oxidation hetter than graphi, te and have good water resistance. Graphite is impregnated with glass when molten making an angle of less than 45 °. New glasses have the useful property of wetting graphite. Applications include bearings, rods and bars. Method to improve the impregnation of wood
Goulet, M. US Patent 3 624233 (30 November 1971) Wood is impregnated with a preservative, fire retardant or stabilizer by compressing across its grain for a short time, allowing it to recover and impregnating the wood while varying the pressure.
Elastomeric composition containing silicon carbide for use as an ablative coating
Process for coating an alpha-alumina body with an epoxy resin
Ramseyor, J. A. (Dow Corning Corp) US Patent 3623904 (30 November 1971) Aerospace vehicle surfaces are protected by an ablative composite consisting of an organo-silane polymer compounded with powdered silicon carbide and a high temperature decomposing fibre which melts in excess of 3000°F.
Hurley, G. F. (Tyco Laboratories Inc) US Patent 3 625 940 (7 December 1971) Improved sapphire-reinforced epoxy composites result from coating sapphire filaments with an organic silane to promote adhesion between the filaments and epoxy matrix. T h e coating is applied by absorption of a non-aqueous solution of the silane and an acid.
Self-bonded filament wound article and process for making the same
Filament blend products
Wincklhafer, R. C. and Weedon, G. C. (Allied Chemical Corp) US Patent 3 623 928 (30 November 1971) An article is made .by winding on to a mandrel a polymeric filament, where one polymer is dispersed as a fibril in a lower melting point polymeric matrix, followed by heating to bond, the temperature being sufficient to bond the matrix but below the melting point of the dispersed fibrils. This allows them to self-bond and compact due to the composite shrinkage.
Caroselli, R. F. and Mennerich, F. A. (Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp) US Patent 3 625 809 (7 December 1971) Composite yarn consists of a relatively inextensible high strength glass fibre, helically overw, rapp.ed about a core of straight organic resin filaments such as rayon or nylon. Application of a tensile force straightens the glass and the overwrapped organic fibres. Proper selection of both filaments results in a yarn which breaks at approximately the combined breaking strength of the glass and organic fibres.