- Email: [email protected]
Composite tungsten-steel armour penetrators
Abstracts of patents UK and US patent abstracts are prepared by Drs F.R. Jones and R.J. Hand of the University of Sheffield, UK
U K PATENTS Bamboo fibre reinforced inorganic moulded product (Ask Corporation, Japan) GB 2 244 995 A (18 December 1991) A bamboo fibre-reinforced inorganic material based on a hydraulic matrix (e.g., cement or gypsum) in which the fibres are at least 200 mm in length and < 3 mm in diameter is described. Excellent impact resistance is claimed. Composite flame blocking fabric (TBA Industrial Products Ltd, UK) GB 2 246 097 (22 January 1992) The above comprises a textile fabric outer layer, a wire mesh reinforcement layer and a non-woven fabric layer which are bonded together by stitching. A method for bonding together adjoining hollow glass spheres (British Gas plc) GB 2 246 349 A (29 January 1992) Hollow glass spheres are bonded together with a heat curable resin dissolved in a volatile solvent to produce an acoustic member for a transducer. The description is of a graded sphere composite bound with epoxy resin and bonded to a piezoelectric element. The protective layer is a polyamide disc. Diamond composites (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia) GB 2 246 773 A (12 February 1992) Diamond particles of < 100 p_m are embedded at 70% volume fraction in a ceramic powder for sintering at elevated temperatures and pressure (<200 MPa). Typical matrices include carbides, alumina, yttria, cordierite, mullite, etc. These are used as abrasion materials.
US PATENTS
COMPONENTS Impact resistant helmet Li, H.L. and Prevorsek, D.C. (Allied-Signal Inc, Morris Township, Morris County, N J, USA) US Pat 4 953 234 (4 September 1990) An impact-resistant composite helmet comprises a number of prepreg packets, each of which comprises at least two layers of unidirectional prepreg wherein the fibres in adjacent layers are at an angle of 45 ° 90 ° to each other. Reinforcing structure for bead portion of radial tyre for heavy load Kawamura, K. and Sato, K. (Sumitomo
Rubber Industries, Ltd, Japan) US Pat 4 953 605 (4 September 1990) The tyre comprises a carcass with a ply of metallic cords extending between a pair of beads. The reinforcement ply is turned up round the bead cores. Sidewalls and a metallic cord reinforcing layer are placed on this carcass, the reinforcing layer again extending round the bead cores. There are also outside and inside reinforcing layers comprising plies of organic fibres. A soft rubber sidewall lies outside the outer reinforcing layer with a hard rubber chafer outside this.
Method of making an integral heater for composite structure McCauley, D.D. and Bayless, J.D. (Ford Aerospace Corporation, Newport Beach, CA, USA) US Pat 4 955 129 (11 September 1990) A multitude of electrically conductive fibres are embedded in an electrically nonconductive matrix wherein both the fibres and the matrix contribute synergistically to the strength of the product. The fibres are confined to a layer in the form of a felt mat or a closely woven fabric which is shaped by either varying the thickness or cutting slits in it such that the heating of the composite may be non-uniform. Sintered fcrrite body, chip inductor, and composite LC part Watanabe, H., Kanagawa, Y., Suzuki, T. and Nomura, T. (TDK Corporation. Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 956 114 (11 September' 1990) A sintered ferrite body comprises a nickelbased ferrite and 15 75 weight % of borosilicate glass. The glass comprises 75 90 weight % of silicon oxide, 8 20 weight % of boron oxide, 0-5 weight % of aluminium oxide, 0 5 weight % of at least one oxide of a monovalent metal and 0-5 weight % of at least one oxide of a divalent metal. Reinforcements for asphaltic paving, processes for making such reinforcements, and reinforced pavings Shoesmith, R. (Bay Mills Limited, Ontario, Canada) US Pat 4 957 390 (18 September 1990) The reinforcement comprises an open grid, pre-impregnated with resin, of two perpendicular sets of parallel fibres on the underside of which is applied an activateable, stable adhesive coating which does not fill the holes in the grid. The grid has a strength of more than 25 kN m ~in the direction of each of the sets of fibres. Reinforcing layers for bias tyres Miyamoto, J., Nakasai, T. and Komia, Y. (Toyo Tyre and Rubber Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan) US Pat 4 957 799 (18 September 1990) The layers comprise cord plies disposed radially outwards of a carcass layer. The cord plies are formed from a steel cord ply and at least one composite cord ply which contains aramid and nylon yarns and is laminated radially outwards of the steel cord ply. The cord space between the steel cord and the composite cords is 0.5 5.0 times the diameter of the steel cords.
Continuous-fibre reinforcement sabot Puckett, L.J. (Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat 4 958 571 (25 September 1990) A grooved sabot meshes with the buttress grooves of a projectile with a high ratio of length to diameter. The sabot includes continuous filaments which wrap round the projectile base and diverge into the buttress grooves of the projectile. Anchoring arrangement for a rod-shaped tension member formed of fibre reinforced composite material Herbst, T. and Jungwirth, D. (Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft, Munich, FRG) US Pat 4 958 961 (25 September 1990) An anchoring arrangement is described for use as an anchor element in foundation or mining construction or as reinforcing member for concrete and prestressed construction. The arrangement comprises a fibre-reinforced composite rod-shaped tension member which screws into an anchoring member, with an intermediate material capable of large deformations between the threads of the two members. Alumina-zirconia-silicon carbide-magnesia cutting tools Mehrotra, P.K. and Billman, E.R. (Kennametal lnc, Latrobe, PA, USA) US Pat 4 959 331 (25 September 1990) A metal cutting insert comprises an aluminabased ceramic containing homogeneously dispersed 1.5 17.5 volume % of silicon carbide whiskers, 5 17.5 volume % of zirconia and 0.03-3 volume % of residual magnesia, with at least 4 volume % of the material being tetragonal zirconia. Aiumina-zirconia-carbide whisker reinforced cutting tools Mehrotra, P.K. and Billman, E.R. (Kennametal Inc, Latrobe, PA, USA) US Pat 4 959 332 (25 September 1990) A metal cutting insert comprises an aluminabased ceramic containing homogeneously dispersed 1.5 12.5 volume % of silicon carbide whiskers and 7.5 17.5 volume % of zirconia, with at least 7 volume % of the material being tetragonal zirconia. Composite tungsten-steel armour penetrators Fishman, S.G., Rozner, A.G., Wiley, R.C. and Wishard, W.N. (Secretary of the Navy, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat 4 961 383 (9 October 1990) An armour penetrating projectile comprises a steel alloy or iron matrix and 25~,5 volume % of reinforcing wires selected from tungsten, tungsten alloy, molybdenum, molybdenum alloy, tantalum or tantalum alloy wires. The matrix is 99.5-100% dense and has a Rockwell hardness of 40-60. The wires are cylindrical and run parallel to each other along the longitudinal axis of the projectile. Hypervelocity penetrator electromagnetic accelerator Sayles, D.C. (Secretary of
for the
COMPOSITES. SEPTEMBER 1992
an Army,
379
U K PATENTS Bamboo fibre reinforced inorganic moulded product (Ask Corporation, Japan) GB 2 244 995 A (18 December 1991) A bamboo fibre-reinforced inorganic material based on a hydraulic matrix (e.g., cement or gypsum) in which the fibres are at least 200 mm in length and < 3 mm in diameter is described. Excellent impact resistance is claimed. Composite flame blocking fabric (TBA Industrial Products Ltd, UK) GB 2 246 097 (22 January 1992) The above comprises a textile fabric outer layer, a wire mesh reinforcement layer and a non-woven fabric layer which are bonded together by stitching. A method for bonding together adjoining hollow glass spheres (British Gas plc) GB 2 246 349 A (29 January 1992) Hollow glass spheres are bonded together with a heat curable resin dissolved in a volatile solvent to produce an acoustic member for a transducer. The description is of a graded sphere composite bound with epoxy resin and bonded to a piezoelectric element. The protective layer is a polyamide disc. Diamond composites (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia) GB 2 246 773 A (12 February 1992) Diamond particles of < 100 p_m are embedded at 70% volume fraction in a ceramic powder for sintering at elevated temperatures and pressure (<200 MPa). Typical matrices include carbides, alumina, yttria, cordierite, mullite, etc. These are used as abrasion materials.
US PATENTS
COMPONENTS Impact resistant helmet Li, H.L. and Prevorsek, D.C. (Allied-Signal Inc, Morris Township, Morris County, N J, USA) US Pat 4 953 234 (4 September 1990) An impact-resistant composite helmet comprises a number of prepreg packets, each of which comprises at least two layers of unidirectional prepreg wherein the fibres in adjacent layers are at an angle of 45 ° 90 ° to each other. Reinforcing structure for bead portion of radial tyre for heavy load Kawamura, K. and Sato, K. (Sumitomo
Rubber Industries, Ltd, Japan) US Pat 4 953 605 (4 September 1990) The tyre comprises a carcass with a ply of metallic cords extending between a pair of beads. The reinforcement ply is turned up round the bead cores. Sidewalls and a metallic cord reinforcing layer are placed on this carcass, the reinforcing layer again extending round the bead cores. There are also outside and inside reinforcing layers comprising plies of organic fibres. A soft rubber sidewall lies outside the outer reinforcing layer with a hard rubber chafer outside this.
Method of making an integral heater for composite structure McCauley, D.D. and Bayless, J.D. (Ford Aerospace Corporation, Newport Beach, CA, USA) US Pat 4 955 129 (11 September 1990) A multitude of electrically conductive fibres are embedded in an electrically nonconductive matrix wherein both the fibres and the matrix contribute synergistically to the strength of the product. The fibres are confined to a layer in the form of a felt mat or a closely woven fabric which is shaped by either varying the thickness or cutting slits in it such that the heating of the composite may be non-uniform. Sintered fcrrite body, chip inductor, and composite LC part Watanabe, H., Kanagawa, Y., Suzuki, T. and Nomura, T. (TDK Corporation. Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 956 114 (11 September' 1990) A sintered ferrite body comprises a nickelbased ferrite and 15 75 weight % of borosilicate glass. The glass comprises 75 90 weight % of silicon oxide, 8 20 weight % of boron oxide, 0-5 weight % of aluminium oxide, 0 5 weight % of at least one oxide of a monovalent metal and 0-5 weight % of at least one oxide of a divalent metal. Reinforcements for asphaltic paving, processes for making such reinforcements, and reinforced pavings Shoesmith, R. (Bay Mills Limited, Ontario, Canada) US Pat 4 957 390 (18 September 1990) The reinforcement comprises an open grid, pre-impregnated with resin, of two perpendicular sets of parallel fibres on the underside of which is applied an activateable, stable adhesive coating which does not fill the holes in the grid. The grid has a strength of more than 25 kN m ~in the direction of each of the sets of fibres. Reinforcing layers for bias tyres Miyamoto, J., Nakasai, T. and Komia, Y. (Toyo Tyre and Rubber Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan) US Pat 4 957 799 (18 September 1990) The layers comprise cord plies disposed radially outwards of a carcass layer. The cord plies are formed from a steel cord ply and at least one composite cord ply which contains aramid and nylon yarns and is laminated radially outwards of the steel cord ply. The cord space between the steel cord and the composite cords is 0.5 5.0 times the diameter of the steel cords.
Continuous-fibre reinforcement sabot Puckett, L.J. (Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat 4 958 571 (25 September 1990) A grooved sabot meshes with the buttress grooves of a projectile with a high ratio of length to diameter. The sabot includes continuous filaments which wrap round the projectile base and diverge into the buttress grooves of the projectile. Anchoring arrangement for a rod-shaped tension member formed of fibre reinforced composite material Herbst, T. and Jungwirth, D. (Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft, Munich, FRG) US Pat 4 958 961 (25 September 1990) An anchoring arrangement is described for use as an anchor element in foundation or mining construction or as reinforcing member for concrete and prestressed construction. The arrangement comprises a fibre-reinforced composite rod-shaped tension member which screws into an anchoring member, with an intermediate material capable of large deformations between the threads of the two members. Alumina-zirconia-silicon carbide-magnesia cutting tools Mehrotra, P.K. and Billman, E.R. (Kennametal lnc, Latrobe, PA, USA) US Pat 4 959 331 (25 September 1990) A metal cutting insert comprises an aluminabased ceramic containing homogeneously dispersed 1.5 17.5 volume % of silicon carbide whiskers, 5 17.5 volume % of zirconia and 0.03-3 volume % of residual magnesia, with at least 4 volume % of the material being tetragonal zirconia. Aiumina-zirconia-carbide whisker reinforced cutting tools Mehrotra, P.K. and Billman, E.R. (Kennametal Inc, Latrobe, PA, USA) US Pat 4 959 332 (25 September 1990) A metal cutting insert comprises an aluminabased ceramic containing homogeneously dispersed 1.5 12.5 volume % of silicon carbide whiskers and 7.5 17.5 volume % of zirconia, with at least 7 volume % of the material being tetragonal zirconia. Composite tungsten-steel armour penetrators Fishman, S.G., Rozner, A.G., Wiley, R.C. and Wishard, W.N. (Secretary of the Navy, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat 4 961 383 (9 October 1990) An armour penetrating projectile comprises a steel alloy or iron matrix and 25~,5 volume % of reinforcing wires selected from tungsten, tungsten alloy, molybdenum, molybdenum alloy, tantalum or tantalum alloy wires. The matrix is 99.5-100% dense and has a Rockwell hardness of 40-60. The wires are cylindrical and run parallel to each other along the longitudinal axis of the projectile. Hypervelocity penetrator electromagnetic accelerator Sayles, D.C. (Secretary of
for the
COMPOSITES. SEPTEMBER 1992
an Army,
379