- Email: [email protected]
Compression mould for fibre-reinforced composite wheels
existing particles are allowed to grow to a predetermined size consistent with separated crystals. A mechanically tough diamond and substrate wetting metal binding material is adhered across the separated particles and the exposed substrate to form a composite with little or no graphitization or dissolution of the said particles. Heat treatment for aluminium lithium based metal matrix composites Zedalis MS. and Gilman P.S. (Allied-Signal Inc., Morris Township, Morris County, NJ, USA) US Par 4 923 532 (8 May 1990) A charge containing a rapidly solidified aluminium-lithium based alloy and 0.1-50 volume % particles of a reinforcing material is energetically ball milled and then consolidated to provide a mechanically formable substantially void-free mass which is subjected to the following heat treatment: solutionizing at a temperature above the solvus temperature of the alloy, rapid cooling and age hardening at a temperature to promote precipitation of Al, (Li, Zr) strengthening phase into the metal matrix. Method for making composite reinforced tubes Burger G. (4 Carmel Dr., Novato, CA 94947, USA) US Pat 4 923 541 (8 May 1990) A plurality of layers, including at least one layer of a resin impregnated reinforcing fibres, one of an absorbant material and one of a perforated impermeable layer, are wrapped in a concentric fashion about an expandable mandrel. The absorbant layer is placed between the reinforcing layer and the mandrel and is located from the reinforcing layer by the impermeable layer. The whole is placed in a tubular mould and the mandrel is pressurized so that it expands and thus compacts the layers between it and the mould ; the entrapped gas and excess resin are forced through the perforated sheet into the absorbant layer. Method of making wear resistant Kramer J.H. (2793 Erie Dr., 44313,USA)USPaf4923550(8May1990)
composites Akron, OH
A metallic backing plate is placed in a mould ; the surface of the plate is coated with a cementitious compound and a thick resilient layer of an uncured elastomer is deposited and layer of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder is deposited on top of the elastomer. Pressure and heat are applied to the whole so that the elastomer cures and the polyethylene powder melts to form a single bonded composite sheet. Method of moulding fibre reinforced plastic articles Willis A.J., Skelding W.T.H. and Radvan B. (The Wiggins Teape Group Limited, Basingstoke, UK) US Pat 4 925 615 (1.5 May 1990) A sheet of consolidated thermoplastic material containing a dispersion of 20-70 weight% of high modulus fibres 7-50mm in length is expanded by preheating, inserted in a compression mould, differentially compressed and cooled in the mould thereby producing an article of predetermined shape and regions of different density. Compression mould for posite wheels Golata J.H. and Woelfel
64
fibre-reinforced J.A.
(Motor,
comWheel
Corporation, Lansing, MI, 4 927 347 (22 May 1990)
USA)
US
Pat
A compression mould for forming a fibrereinforced composite wheel which has integral rim and disc portions with a bead retaining flange on at least one axial end of the rim portion. Method of making for flexible bearing McGregor J.D. Chicago, IL, USA) 1990)
continuous reinforcement laminate (Morton Thiokol, Inc., US Pat 4 927 481(22 May
Reinforcement material is prepared in a continuous helical arrangement and is placed on the laminate engaging surface of a first end ring in the bottom of a mould. Layers of elastomeric material alternate with layers of reinforcement material to form a laminate. A second end ring is placed over the laminate engaging both it and the first end ring. The assembly is debulked and cured to produce a flexible bearing comprised of a flexible laminate between two end rings. Method for making fibre-reinforced plastics Moore E.R. (The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA) US Par 4 927579 (22 May 1990) A low viscosity polymer solution containing 20-90% resin solids and with a viscosity of <50000 centipoise and chopped fibres are mixed under low to moderate shear conditions at 5-300 rev min-’ and q temperature below the boiling point of the solvent to form a dispersion of the fibres in the solution such that the solution contains ~60 volume % of fibres. This dispersion is blended into a molten polymer and the result is extruded whilst the solvent is removed to form a fibre reinforced plastic extrudate with reduced fibre breakage. Process composite Lottiau Causier 4 927 583
for the manufacture of polyamide material reinforced with long fibres M., Glemet M., Cognet G. and A. (Atochem, France) US Pat (22 May 1990)
An improvement to the process of manufacturing fibre reinforced polyamides which consists of impregnating the fibres with a polyamide oligomer or pre-polymer, polymerising the infiltrant by heating the impregnated fibre and then shaping the impregnated fibre by pultrusion. Method of making resin structure with Watkins R.L.T. Sharon, Burlington, 4 931 119 (5 June
a reinforced thermosetting integral unlianeed nozzle (Fibrex Corporation, 401 WA 98233, USA) US Pat 1990)
Resin material is applied to a primary structure with a through branch portion and a mould member with a branch forming portion and a flanged portion which engages the primary structure near the opening to form a branch pipe section attached to the primary section. The mould member is then disengaged from the primary structure. Fabrication method of a hollow racket made of carbon fibre Yeh C-H. (52, Chung-Cheng 3rd Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan) US Pal 4 931247 (5 June 1990) An epoxy resin impregnated first fibre sleeve is provided along an elongated tubular mould of the product. Discrete layers of overlapping
epoxy resin impregnated fibre woven boards the length of the product are wound about the fibre sleeve tube; similar shorter layers are woven about the head of the product and a second epoxy resin impregnated fibre sleeve is mounted about the outermost layer. The head is sealed with a fibre material and the mould removed, air blown in to pressurize the product and the whole is mounted in a die and heated to form a hardened product. Method for moulding a composite with an integrally moulded rib Krone J.R. and Barbere J.H. (Phillips Petroleum Company, Bartlesville, OK, USA) US Pat 4 937 032 (26 June 1990) A process for fabricating a structural composite with a generally flattened wall portion and at least one three dimensional frame portion. The wall is derived from a first prepreg comprised of a thermoplastic resin reinforced with continuous fibres in an ordered array. The frame portion is derived from a second prepreg of a thermoplastic resin reinforced with random fibres that have an average diameter ratio of at least 1 :lO and a length of at least about 3 mm. In both cases the resin is one of polyarylene sulphides, polyethers, polyketones, polysulphones, polyamides, polyiimides, polyamideimides, polyetherimides, polycarbonates and acetal resins. The fibres meanwhile may be carbon, aramid, glass, quartz, silicon carbide, ceramic, metal coated carbon or metal. The process comprises laminating together the first prepregs, at least one of which is interfacially arranged by holding the prepregs at a temperature sufficient to heat fuse contacting portions of the thermoplastic resin and then applying pressure to form a wall portion. The frame portion is formed by laying up at least one second prepreg in the desired position on the first and then positioning a configuring mould around the stack. The stack is placed under compression by the mould and then the whole is heated to fuse the second prepreg both to each other and to the wall portion. Method for making a composite component using a transverse tape Youngkeit D.C. (Thiokol Corporation, Ogden, UT, USA) US Par 4 938 824 (3 July 1990) At least one matrix impregnated fibre strand at an angle to the line of the rotation axis is applied to a generally cylindrical mandrel from a conveyor belt whilst the mandrel is rotated to form at least one layer of two cross windings. The layers are held together by the matrix tack. A transverse tape with at least two plies is cut from the layer of fibre strand portions whilst it is on the mandrel. This tape is wound onto a component mandrel, compacted and cured and then the component mandrel is removed. Pultrusion apparatus and method for impregnatiing continuous lengths of multi-filament and multi-fibre structures Hilakos W. (General Electric Company, Mt. Vernon, IN, USA) US Pat 4 939 002 (3 July 1990) The apparatus consists of a thermoplastic extruder placed next to vessel which receives the extruded resin and the continuous length for impregnation. This vessel also includes a multi-filament or multi-fibre spreading member. On leaving the vessel the impregnated filaments or fibres are passed through a sizing die.
Composites
Manufacturing
No.
1 1992
composites Akron, OH
A metallic backing plate is placed in a mould ; the surface of the plate is coated with a cementitious compound and a thick resilient layer of an uncured elastomer is deposited and layer of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder is deposited on top of the elastomer. Pressure and heat are applied to the whole so that the elastomer cures and the polyethylene powder melts to form a single bonded composite sheet. Method of moulding fibre reinforced plastic articles Willis A.J., Skelding W.T.H. and Radvan B. (The Wiggins Teape Group Limited, Basingstoke, UK) US Pat 4 925 615 (1.5 May 1990) A sheet of consolidated thermoplastic material containing a dispersion of 20-70 weight% of high modulus fibres 7-50mm in length is expanded by preheating, inserted in a compression mould, differentially compressed and cooled in the mould thereby producing an article of predetermined shape and regions of different density. Compression mould for posite wheels Golata J.H. and Woelfel
64
fibre-reinforced J.A.
(Motor,
comWheel
Corporation, Lansing, MI, 4 927 347 (22 May 1990)
USA)
US
Pat
A compression mould for forming a fibrereinforced composite wheel which has integral rim and disc portions with a bead retaining flange on at least one axial end of the rim portion. Method of making for flexible bearing McGregor J.D. Chicago, IL, USA) 1990)
continuous reinforcement laminate (Morton Thiokol, Inc., US Pat 4 927 481(22 May
Reinforcement material is prepared in a continuous helical arrangement and is placed on the laminate engaging surface of a first end ring in the bottom of a mould. Layers of elastomeric material alternate with layers of reinforcement material to form a laminate. A second end ring is placed over the laminate engaging both it and the first end ring. The assembly is debulked and cured to produce a flexible bearing comprised of a flexible laminate between two end rings. Method for making fibre-reinforced plastics Moore E.R. (The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA) US Par 4 927579 (22 May 1990) A low viscosity polymer solution containing 20-90% resin solids and with a viscosity of <50000 centipoise and chopped fibres are mixed under low to moderate shear conditions at 5-300 rev min-’ and q temperature below the boiling point of the solvent to form a dispersion of the fibres in the solution such that the solution contains ~60 volume % of fibres. This dispersion is blended into a molten polymer and the result is extruded whilst the solvent is removed to form a fibre reinforced plastic extrudate with reduced fibre breakage. Process composite Lottiau Causier 4 927 583
for the manufacture of polyamide material reinforced with long fibres M., Glemet M., Cognet G. and A. (Atochem, France) US Pat (22 May 1990)
An improvement to the process of manufacturing fibre reinforced polyamides which consists of impregnating the fibres with a polyamide oligomer or pre-polymer, polymerising the infiltrant by heating the impregnated fibre and then shaping the impregnated fibre by pultrusion. Method of making resin structure with Watkins R.L.T. Sharon, Burlington, 4 931 119 (5 June
a reinforced thermosetting integral unlianeed nozzle (Fibrex Corporation, 401 WA 98233, USA) US Pat 1990)
Resin material is applied to a primary structure with a through branch portion and a mould member with a branch forming portion and a flanged portion which engages the primary structure near the opening to form a branch pipe section attached to the primary section. The mould member is then disengaged from the primary structure. Fabrication method of a hollow racket made of carbon fibre Yeh C-H. (52, Chung-Cheng 3rd Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan) US Pal 4 931247 (5 June 1990) An epoxy resin impregnated first fibre sleeve is provided along an elongated tubular mould of the product. Discrete layers of overlapping
epoxy resin impregnated fibre woven boards the length of the product are wound about the fibre sleeve tube; similar shorter layers are woven about the head of the product and a second epoxy resin impregnated fibre sleeve is mounted about the outermost layer. The head is sealed with a fibre material and the mould removed, air blown in to pressurize the product and the whole is mounted in a die and heated to form a hardened product. Method for moulding a composite with an integrally moulded rib Krone J.R. and Barbere J.H. (Phillips Petroleum Company, Bartlesville, OK, USA) US Pat 4 937 032 (26 June 1990) A process for fabricating a structural composite with a generally flattened wall portion and at least one three dimensional frame portion. The wall is derived from a first prepreg comprised of a thermoplastic resin reinforced with continuous fibres in an ordered array. The frame portion is derived from a second prepreg of a thermoplastic resin reinforced with random fibres that have an average diameter ratio of at least 1 :lO and a length of at least about 3 mm. In both cases the resin is one of polyarylene sulphides, polyethers, polyketones, polysulphones, polyamides, polyiimides, polyamideimides, polyetherimides, polycarbonates and acetal resins. The fibres meanwhile may be carbon, aramid, glass, quartz, silicon carbide, ceramic, metal coated carbon or metal. The process comprises laminating together the first prepregs, at least one of which is interfacially arranged by holding the prepregs at a temperature sufficient to heat fuse contacting portions of the thermoplastic resin and then applying pressure to form a wall portion. The frame portion is formed by laying up at least one second prepreg in the desired position on the first and then positioning a configuring mould around the stack. The stack is placed under compression by the mould and then the whole is heated to fuse the second prepreg both to each other and to the wall portion. Method for making a composite component using a transverse tape Youngkeit D.C. (Thiokol Corporation, Ogden, UT, USA) US Par 4 938 824 (3 July 1990) At least one matrix impregnated fibre strand at an angle to the line of the rotation axis is applied to a generally cylindrical mandrel from a conveyor belt whilst the mandrel is rotated to form at least one layer of two cross windings. The layers are held together by the matrix tack. A transverse tape with at least two plies is cut from the layer of fibre strand portions whilst it is on the mandrel. This tape is wound onto a component mandrel, compacted and cured and then the component mandrel is removed. Pultrusion apparatus and method for impregnatiing continuous lengths of multi-filament and multi-fibre structures Hilakos W. (General Electric Company, Mt. Vernon, IN, USA) US Pat 4 939 002 (3 July 1990) The apparatus consists of a thermoplastic extruder placed next to vessel which receives the extruded resin and the continuous length for impregnation. This vessel also includes a multi-filament or multi-fibre spreading member. On leaving the vessel the impregnated filaments or fibres are passed through a sizing die.
Composites
Manufacturing
No.
1 1992