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Cooled spectrometers for far-infrared astronomical observations
HADAMARD TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY
IN
MARTIN HARWIT Max-Planck-Institute for Radioastronomy, Bonn. and Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
ABSTRACT
In a Hadamard-Transform Optical Instrument,“’ masks that transmit or block radiation are used to modulate the radiation digitally. (2) These masks can be used with any spectrometer to multiplex the spectrum, increase the throughput(3~ or provide pictorial information.(4) A variety of actual results (596)obtained with different versions of these instruments are shown. REFERENCES 1. HARWIT, M. & J. A. DECKER, Jr., Modulation
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Teehniques in Spectrometry, ~ro~~~.ss in UPtics. (Edited by E. wolf). Vol. 12, pp~ 102-162 (1974). North-Holland. Amsterdam. SLOANE, N. J. A., T. FINE, P. G. PHILLIPS& M. HARWIT, Codes for Multiplex Spectrometry, Appl. Opt. 8, 2103-2106 (1969). HARWIT. M., P. G. PHILLIPS,T. FINE & N. J. A. SLOANE,Doubly Multiplexed Dispersive Spectrometers, Appl. Opt. 9, 1149-l 154 (1970). GOTTLIEB,P., A tefevision Scanning Scheme for a Detector-Noise-Limited System, 7%~ IEEE. fnfornration Theor. IT-14, 4X-433 (1968). TAI, M. H.. D. A. BRI~T-~A,JR., N. KA~TI~ & M. HARWIT. A Practical Multi-Spectrum Hadamard Transform Spectrometer. Appl. Opt. 14, 2533-2536 (1975). SWIFT, R. D., R. B. WATTSON, J, A. DECKER. JK.. R. PAGANEMX& M. HARWIT, Hadamard transform imager and imaging spectrometer, Appl. Opt. 15, 1595-1609 (1976).
COOLED
SPECTROMETERS FOR FAR-INFRARED ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS D. WARD
Dept. of Space Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
ABSTRACT
A Iiquid heliLlrn cooled grating spectrometer. which has been used in far-infrared astronomical observations from NASA Lear Jet, is described. The general advantages and applications of cooled spectrometers are discussed.
457
IN
MARTIN HARWIT Max-Planck-Institute for Radioastronomy, Bonn. and Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.
ABSTRACT
In a Hadamard-Transform Optical Instrument,“’ masks that transmit or block radiation are used to modulate the radiation digitally. (2) These masks can be used with any spectrometer to multiplex the spectrum, increase the throughput(3~ or provide pictorial information.(4) A variety of actual results (596)obtained with different versions of these instruments are shown. REFERENCES 1. HARWIT, M. & J. A. DECKER, Jr., Modulation
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Teehniques in Spectrometry, ~ro~~~.ss in UPtics. (Edited by E. wolf). Vol. 12, pp~ 102-162 (1974). North-Holland. Amsterdam. SLOANE, N. J. A., T. FINE, P. G. PHILLIPS& M. HARWIT, Codes for Multiplex Spectrometry, Appl. Opt. 8, 2103-2106 (1969). HARWIT. M., P. G. PHILLIPS,T. FINE & N. J. A. SLOANE,Doubly Multiplexed Dispersive Spectrometers, Appl. Opt. 9, 1149-l 154 (1970). GOTTLIEB,P., A tefevision Scanning Scheme for a Detector-Noise-Limited System, 7%~ IEEE. fnfornration Theor. IT-14, 4X-433 (1968). TAI, M. H.. D. A. BRI~T-~A,JR., N. KA~TI~ & M. HARWIT. A Practical Multi-Spectrum Hadamard Transform Spectrometer. Appl. Opt. 14, 2533-2536 (1975). SWIFT, R. D., R. B. WATTSON, J, A. DECKER. JK.. R. PAGANEMX& M. HARWIT, Hadamard transform imager and imaging spectrometer, Appl. Opt. 15, 1595-1609 (1976).
COOLED
SPECTROMETERS FOR FAR-INFRARED ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS D. WARD
Dept. of Space Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
ABSTRACT
A Iiquid heliLlrn cooled grating spectrometer. which has been used in far-infrared astronomical observations from NASA Lear Jet, is described. The general advantages and applications of cooled spectrometers are discussed.
457