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Correlates and implications of high screen time among high and low active Irish nine-year olds
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Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (2012) S1–S33
sion viewing in children under two, interventions are warranted to decrease screen time behaviors. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.015 14 Correlates and implications of high screen time among high and low active Irish nine-year olds A. Lane, M. Harrison, N. Murphy ∗ Waterford Institute of Technology Background: Previous research has indicated that high sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with ill health including weight gain independent of physical activity (PA). The purpose of this analysis was to examine the combined influence of screen time (SB) and PA on risk of overweight/obesity (OW/Ob) in a large nationally representative cohort of 9 year old Irish school children, with particular reference to the risks of high screen time in the most active of these children. A further aim of the analysis was to examine the correlates of high screen time in this cohort. Method: The Growing Up in Ireland study is a longitudinal study of nine year old children. Children and parents completed interview administered questionnaires and objective measures of height and weight were recorded. Children were dichotomized into high and low PA and SB groups and subsequently into one of four combined PA/SB categories using parental self report data. Chi squared statistics and forced entry logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with OW/Ob and with SB. Results: There was evidence of a dose response relationship between screen time and OW/obesity while sedentary indicators such as having a TV in the bedroom and owning a mobile phone were also significantly related to OW/Ob regardless of activity status. Children in the high SB/low PA category had the highest odds (OR: 2.13) of OW/obesity compared to the referent group (low SB/high PA) and risk for high SB was greater than for low PA. Non membership of a sports club, mobile phone ownership, electronic media, leisure activities with parents and child obesity were related (p<.05) to increased sedentarism among high and low active children. Discussion: Screen time of >3 hours per day and the availability of sedentary technology increased risk of OW/Ob in children who reported high and low levels of PA. ORs were stronger for sedentary indicators and OW/Ob than those for PA suggesting that sedentarism predicts BMI to a greater extent than PA during the ages of 6–10 years. ‘Gadget’ children who engage in sedentary rather than active leisure activities with their parents and with others are more likely to report high screen time and thus, have a greater risk of OW/Ob. This study reinforces findings in previous research that demonstrated SB to be a predictor of weight gain independent of PA and justifies efforts to reduce SB as part of existing public health initiatives. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.016
15 Determinants of change in children’s objectively measured sedentary time A. Atkin 1,∗ , E. van Wijndaele 2 , S. Griffin 2
Sluijs 2 , K.
Corder 1 , U.
Ekelund 2,3 , K.
1
UKCRC Centre For Diet And Activity Research (CEDAR) Medical Research Council, Epidemiology Unit 3 Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences 2
Introduction: Sedentary behaviours are highly prevalent amongst children and may be adversely associated with cardiometabolic health, independently of participation in physical activity. To inform intervention development, this study examined parental and home-environmental determinants of 1-year change in children’s objectively measured sedentary time after-school (Monday–Friday, 1500–2300) and at the weekend (Saturday–Sunday, 0600–2300). Methods: Data are from the Sport, Physical Activity, and Eating Behaviour: Environmental Determinants in Young People (SPEEDY) study. Participants wore accelerometers at baseline and 1 year later. Longitudinal data for the after-school and weekend analyses were available for 854 (41.5% male, mean±SD age 10.2±0.3years) and 718 (41.8% male, age 10.2±0.3years) participants respectively. Information on 26 candidate predictors, including socio-economic status (SES), availability of electronic media and parental rules for active and sedentary behaviours was self-reported by children and/or their parents at baseline. Change in the proportion of registered time spent sedentary (<100cpm) was used as the outcome variable in multi-level linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and baseline sedentary time. Simple and multiple models were run and interactions with sex explored. Results: In absolute terms, sedentary time increased over 1 year (after-school: 4.9±45.1 min/day; weekend 8.0±89.3 min/day). SES was positively associated with change in after-school (beta; 95% CI: 1.02; 0.37, 1.66) and weekend (1.42; 0.65, 2.18) sedentary time. Negative associations with change in after-school sedentary time were observed for having more siblings (-1.00; -1.69, -0.30), greater availability of electronic media (-0.81; -1.29, -0.33), and, for boys, more frequent family visits to the park (-1.89; -3.28, -0.51) and family participation in sport (-1.28; -2.54, -0.02). Maternal weekend screen-time (0.45; 0.08, 0.83) and, in girls, greater parental restriction on playing outside (0.91; 0.08, 1.74) were positively associated with change in weekend sedentary time. For participants with a (step-) father living at home, father’s weekend screen-time was positively associated with change in weekend sedentary time (0.40; 0.01, 0.78). Father’s physical activity was positively associated with change in boys’ after-school sedentary time (1.34; 0.53, 2.15). Discussion: Nine determinants of change in sedentary time were identified, some of which were time- or sex-specific. Higher SES children exhibited greater increases in sedentary time afterschool and at weekends compared to children of low SES, highlighting a potential target population. Intervention strategies that aim to reduce parents’ weekend screen-time, increase family participation in sports or recreation (for boys) and promote freedom to play outside (for girls) may contribute towards preventing the age-related increase in sedentary time. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.017
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (2012) S1–S33
sion viewing in children under two, interventions are warranted to decrease screen time behaviors. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.015 14 Correlates and implications of high screen time among high and low active Irish nine-year olds A. Lane, M. Harrison, N. Murphy ∗ Waterford Institute of Technology Background: Previous research has indicated that high sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with ill health including weight gain independent of physical activity (PA). The purpose of this analysis was to examine the combined influence of screen time (SB) and PA on risk of overweight/obesity (OW/Ob) in a large nationally representative cohort of 9 year old Irish school children, with particular reference to the risks of high screen time in the most active of these children. A further aim of the analysis was to examine the correlates of high screen time in this cohort. Method: The Growing Up in Ireland study is a longitudinal study of nine year old children. Children and parents completed interview administered questionnaires and objective measures of height and weight were recorded. Children were dichotomized into high and low PA and SB groups and subsequently into one of four combined PA/SB categories using parental self report data. Chi squared statistics and forced entry logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with OW/Ob and with SB. Results: There was evidence of a dose response relationship between screen time and OW/obesity while sedentary indicators such as having a TV in the bedroom and owning a mobile phone were also significantly related to OW/Ob regardless of activity status. Children in the high SB/low PA category had the highest odds (OR: 2.13) of OW/obesity compared to the referent group (low SB/high PA) and risk for high SB was greater than for low PA. Non membership of a sports club, mobile phone ownership, electronic media, leisure activities with parents and child obesity were related (p<.05) to increased sedentarism among high and low active children. Discussion: Screen time of >3 hours per day and the availability of sedentary technology increased risk of OW/Ob in children who reported high and low levels of PA. ORs were stronger for sedentary indicators and OW/Ob than those for PA suggesting that sedentarism predicts BMI to a greater extent than PA during the ages of 6–10 years. ‘Gadget’ children who engage in sedentary rather than active leisure activities with their parents and with others are more likely to report high screen time and thus, have a greater risk of OW/Ob. This study reinforces findings in previous research that demonstrated SB to be a predictor of weight gain independent of PA and justifies efforts to reduce SB as part of existing public health initiatives. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.016
15 Determinants of change in children’s objectively measured sedentary time A. Atkin 1,∗ , E. van Wijndaele 2 , S. Griffin 2
Sluijs 2 , K.
Corder 1 , U.
Ekelund 2,3 , K.
1
UKCRC Centre For Diet And Activity Research (CEDAR) Medical Research Council, Epidemiology Unit 3 Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences 2
Introduction: Sedentary behaviours are highly prevalent amongst children and may be adversely associated with cardiometabolic health, independently of participation in physical activity. To inform intervention development, this study examined parental and home-environmental determinants of 1-year change in children’s objectively measured sedentary time after-school (Monday–Friday, 1500–2300) and at the weekend (Saturday–Sunday, 0600–2300). Methods: Data are from the Sport, Physical Activity, and Eating Behaviour: Environmental Determinants in Young People (SPEEDY) study. Participants wore accelerometers at baseline and 1 year later. Longitudinal data for the after-school and weekend analyses were available for 854 (41.5% male, mean±SD age 10.2±0.3years) and 718 (41.8% male, age 10.2±0.3years) participants respectively. Information on 26 candidate predictors, including socio-economic status (SES), availability of electronic media and parental rules for active and sedentary behaviours was self-reported by children and/or their parents at baseline. Change in the proportion of registered time spent sedentary (<100cpm) was used as the outcome variable in multi-level linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and baseline sedentary time. Simple and multiple models were run and interactions with sex explored. Results: In absolute terms, sedentary time increased over 1 year (after-school: 4.9±45.1 min/day; weekend 8.0±89.3 min/day). SES was positively associated with change in after-school (beta; 95% CI: 1.02; 0.37, 1.66) and weekend (1.42; 0.65, 2.18) sedentary time. Negative associations with change in after-school sedentary time were observed for having more siblings (-1.00; -1.69, -0.30), greater availability of electronic media (-0.81; -1.29, -0.33), and, for boys, more frequent family visits to the park (-1.89; -3.28, -0.51) and family participation in sport (-1.28; -2.54, -0.02). Maternal weekend screen-time (0.45; 0.08, 0.83) and, in girls, greater parental restriction on playing outside (0.91; 0.08, 1.74) were positively associated with change in weekend sedentary time. For participants with a (step-) father living at home, father’s weekend screen-time was positively associated with change in weekend sedentary time (0.40; 0.01, 0.78). Father’s physical activity was positively associated with change in boys’ after-school sedentary time (1.34; 0.53, 2.15). Discussion: Nine determinants of change in sedentary time were identified, some of which were time- or sex-specific. Higher SES children exhibited greater increases in sedentary time afterschool and at weekends compared to children of low SES, highlighting a potential target population. Intervention strategies that aim to reduce parents’ weekend screen-time, increase family participation in sports or recreation (for boys) and promote freedom to play outside (for girls) may contribute towards preventing the age-related increase in sedentary time. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.017