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Correlation of non-invasive central aortic blood pressure with other arterial function measures in healthy people
Abstracts
Objective: To study the effect of olmesartan medoxomil on inflammation in atherosclerotic (AS) rats and the comparison with candesartan cilexetil. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: A, control group; B, AS model group; C, candesartan cilexetil-treated group; D, olmesartan medoxomil-treated group; there were 10 rats in each group. B, C and D groups reproduced the AS model, C and D groups while giving candesartan cilexetil and olmesartan medoxomil to intervene respectively, the rats were fed for 8 weeks in total. At the beginning of the experiment and at the end of 8 weeks, body weight was measured, lipid levels in plasma (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C) were detected by a chemical method, the levels of serum MCP-1 and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At 8 weeks, to separate the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta of rats quickly, the expression of CD40 of aorta in every group was detected by reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and finally to take pictures and observe with UV detector, then conclude the relative expression level of CD40 and CD40L in aortic tissue and compare with each group. Results: (1) At 0 week, body weight and the lipid levels in plasma showed no significant differences in all experiment group rats (P N 0.05). At 8 weeks, body weight and the lipid levels in plasma (TG, TC, LDL-C) of AS rats were significantly higher than the A group (P b 0.01), two drug-treated groups had no obvious change to AS rats (P N 0.05). (2) At 0 week, the levels of serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin showed no significant difference in each group (P N 0.05). At 8 weeks, the serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin contents of AS rats were obviously higher than A group (P b 0.01), C group and D group reduced the levels of serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin of AS rats significantly (P b 0.01), while compared with C group, the serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin contents decreased in D group, there was statistical significance (P b 0.05). (3) The expression of CD40 and CD40L in the aortic structure of AS rats was higher than A group (P b 0.01), to compare with B group, the expression of CD40 and CD40L in C and D group decreased obviously (P b 0.01). Furthermore, the expression of CD40 and CD40L in D group was lower than C group and the difference was statistically significant (P b 0.01). Conclusions: Olmesartan medoxomil and candesartan cilexetil had no significant effects on AS rats on body weight and lipid levels in plasma. Olmesartan medoxomil and candesartan cilexetil could reduce the levels of serum MCP-1 and sP-selection, and decrease the expression of CD40 and CD40L in aortic structure of AS rats significantly, besides the effect of olmesartan medoxomil was stronger than candesartan cilexetil. Olmesartan medoxomil may play its anti-atherosclerosis process via anti-inflammatory effects. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.476 0314 The effects of potassium-enriched salt on arterial stiffness for hypertensive patients HONGSHUAI YOUa,b, YINGXIA MAa, HONGYE ZHANGa, WANLIN WEIa, XIANSHENG HUANGa a Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China b The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing, China Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the effects of using potassium-enriched salt (NaCl:KCl = 1:1) and reduced salt intake on blood pressure and the large arterial stiffness in community patients with hypertension. Methods: The study was a single blind study. The participants were Chinese residents of Qinghe County, and were divided into two groups: control and intervention. The total number of participants was 188 (control 104, intervention 84) with average age 60.34 ± 9.42 years. At the beginning, education on reducing salt was performed for all participants, then common salt
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(NaCl N99%) and potassium-enriched salt (NaCl:KCl = 1:1 salt) were distributed to control and intervention groups, respectively. From May 2010 to May 2011 after one-year intervention, review of blood pressure and reaction artery stiffness index-carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), was measured by Compllior device (France). Paired T-test was used for comparison within groups and between groups. Results: The mean SBP at baseline was 149.0± 19.8 and 149.4± 18.2 mm Hg, one year later the SBP was 146.5 ± 19.6 and 147.6± 19.4 mm Hg for control and intervention groups, respectively. The two group blood pressure levels reduced a little. Within the group and between the two groups there were no statistically significant differences (P N 0.05). The mean of cfPWV was 9.4 ± 2.0 and 9.6 ± 2.0 m/s for control and intervention groups, respectively. One year later the mean cfPWV for control and intervention groups was 9.0 ± 1.7 and 9.2 ± 1.8 m/s, respectively. Paired T-test showed that the cfPWV was significantly reduced within each group (P b 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that using potassium-enriched salt (NaCl:KCl= 1:1) and reduced salt intake can lower blood pressure and cfPWV to a certain extent. Due to our study limitation (sample number and observation duration), further larger studies are needed in China.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.477 0331 Correlation of non-invasive central aortic blood pressure with other arterial function measures in healthy people KAI YU, XIAOJUAN BAI Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China Objective: To explore the correlation of central aortic blood pressure and age, peripheral blood pressure, maximal carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMTmax), brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), ankle brachial index (ABI),and the risk score of estimation of 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease of Chinese adults (risk score) in different genders of healthy adults. Methods: 128 healthy adults from Shenyang were divided into two groups according to gender (53 men and 75 women). We evaluated central systolic blood pressure (CSBP), central pulse pressure (SPP), peripheral systolic blood pressure (PSBP), peripheral diastolic blood pressure (PDBP), peripheral pulse pressure (PPP), IMTmax, baPWV, ABI and risk score. We tested the trigalloylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and fasting blood glucose at the same time. Results: The waste-hip rate (WHR), PSBP, PDBP, CSBP, baPWV, (TC), HDL and Glu were significantly different in two groups (P b 0.05). The two groups of CSBP and CPP were significantly correlated with age, PSBP, PPP, IMTmax, baPWV and risk score. Conclusion: The central blood pressures were well correlated with other non-invasive arterial function exams, and can be used as a tool for detecting the arterial function early in healthy people.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.478 0338 The activation of mTOR pathway induced by inflammation accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients JING LIU, KUNLING MA, MIN GAO, XIAOLIANG ZHANG, BICHENG LIU Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
Objective: To study the effect of olmesartan medoxomil on inflammation in atherosclerotic (AS) rats and the comparison with candesartan cilexetil. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: A, control group; B, AS model group; C, candesartan cilexetil-treated group; D, olmesartan medoxomil-treated group; there were 10 rats in each group. B, C and D groups reproduced the AS model, C and D groups while giving candesartan cilexetil and olmesartan medoxomil to intervene respectively, the rats were fed for 8 weeks in total. At the beginning of the experiment and at the end of 8 weeks, body weight was measured, lipid levels in plasma (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C) were detected by a chemical method, the levels of serum MCP-1 and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At 8 weeks, to separate the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta of rats quickly, the expression of CD40 of aorta in every group was detected by reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and finally to take pictures and observe with UV detector, then conclude the relative expression level of CD40 and CD40L in aortic tissue and compare with each group. Results: (1) At 0 week, body weight and the lipid levels in plasma showed no significant differences in all experiment group rats (P N 0.05). At 8 weeks, body weight and the lipid levels in plasma (TG, TC, LDL-C) of AS rats were significantly higher than the A group (P b 0.01), two drug-treated groups had no obvious change to AS rats (P N 0.05). (2) At 0 week, the levels of serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin showed no significant difference in each group (P N 0.05). At 8 weeks, the serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin contents of AS rats were obviously higher than A group (P b 0.01), C group and D group reduced the levels of serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin of AS rats significantly (P b 0.01), while compared with C group, the serum MCP-1 and sP-selectin contents decreased in D group, there was statistical significance (P b 0.05). (3) The expression of CD40 and CD40L in the aortic structure of AS rats was higher than A group (P b 0.01), to compare with B group, the expression of CD40 and CD40L in C and D group decreased obviously (P b 0.01). Furthermore, the expression of CD40 and CD40L in D group was lower than C group and the difference was statistically significant (P b 0.01). Conclusions: Olmesartan medoxomil and candesartan cilexetil had no significant effects on AS rats on body weight and lipid levels in plasma. Olmesartan medoxomil and candesartan cilexetil could reduce the levels of serum MCP-1 and sP-selection, and decrease the expression of CD40 and CD40L in aortic structure of AS rats significantly, besides the effect of olmesartan medoxomil was stronger than candesartan cilexetil. Olmesartan medoxomil may play its anti-atherosclerosis process via anti-inflammatory effects. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.476 0314 The effects of potassium-enriched salt on arterial stiffness for hypertensive patients HONGSHUAI YOUa,b, YINGXIA MAa, HONGYE ZHANGa, WANLIN WEIa, XIANSHENG HUANGa a Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China b The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing, China Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the effects of using potassium-enriched salt (NaCl:KCl = 1:1) and reduced salt intake on blood pressure and the large arterial stiffness in community patients with hypertension. Methods: The study was a single blind study. The participants were Chinese residents of Qinghe County, and were divided into two groups: control and intervention. The total number of participants was 188 (control 104, intervention 84) with average age 60.34 ± 9.42 years. At the beginning, education on reducing salt was performed for all participants, then common salt
S5
(NaCl N99%) and potassium-enriched salt (NaCl:KCl = 1:1 salt) were distributed to control and intervention groups, respectively. From May 2010 to May 2011 after one-year intervention, review of blood pressure and reaction artery stiffness index-carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), was measured by Compllior device (France). Paired T-test was used for comparison within groups and between groups. Results: The mean SBP at baseline was 149.0± 19.8 and 149.4± 18.2 mm Hg, one year later the SBP was 146.5 ± 19.6 and 147.6± 19.4 mm Hg for control and intervention groups, respectively. The two group blood pressure levels reduced a little. Within the group and between the two groups there were no statistically significant differences (P N 0.05). The mean of cfPWV was 9.4 ± 2.0 and 9.6 ± 2.0 m/s for control and intervention groups, respectively. One year later the mean cfPWV for control and intervention groups was 9.0 ± 1.7 and 9.2 ± 1.8 m/s, respectively. Paired T-test showed that the cfPWV was significantly reduced within each group (P b 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that using potassium-enriched salt (NaCl:KCl= 1:1) and reduced salt intake can lower blood pressure and cfPWV to a certain extent. Due to our study limitation (sample number and observation duration), further larger studies are needed in China.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.477 0331 Correlation of non-invasive central aortic blood pressure with other arterial function measures in healthy people KAI YU, XIAOJUAN BAI Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China Objective: To explore the correlation of central aortic blood pressure and age, peripheral blood pressure, maximal carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMTmax), brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), ankle brachial index (ABI),and the risk score of estimation of 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease of Chinese adults (risk score) in different genders of healthy adults. Methods: 128 healthy adults from Shenyang were divided into two groups according to gender (53 men and 75 women). We evaluated central systolic blood pressure (CSBP), central pulse pressure (SPP), peripheral systolic blood pressure (PSBP), peripheral diastolic blood pressure (PDBP), peripheral pulse pressure (PPP), IMTmax, baPWV, ABI and risk score. We tested the trigalloylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and fasting blood glucose at the same time. Results: The waste-hip rate (WHR), PSBP, PDBP, CSBP, baPWV, (TC), HDL and Glu were significantly different in two groups (P b 0.05). The two groups of CSBP and CPP were significantly correlated with age, PSBP, PPP, IMTmax, baPWV and risk score. Conclusion: The central blood pressures were well correlated with other non-invasive arterial function exams, and can be used as a tool for detecting the arterial function early in healthy people.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.478 0338 The activation of mTOR pathway induced by inflammation accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients JING LIU, KUNLING MA, MIN GAO, XIAOLIANG ZHANG, BICHENG LIU Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China