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County borough of blackpool
PUBLIC H E A L T H . September, 1953
200
After each i n s t r u m e n t is used it is r e t u r n e d to the h y p o chlorite solution. Boiling gelatine solution is p o u r e d into t h e m o u l d and a sterile cover applied u s i n g the l a u n d r y t o n g s to h a n d l e the cover w h e n it is m a d e of s h e e t m e t a l w i t h o u t a h~ndle, otherwise h o l d i n g t h e cover b y the handle, care b e i n g taken t h a t t h e p a r r t h a t is to come into contact w i t h the m e a t or jelly does n o t t o u c h anything. T h e filled m o u l d is t h e n t a k e n straight to t h e c o l d r o o m or refrigerator if this is large e n o u g h n o t to suffer a significant rise of t e m p e r a t u r e w h e n a hot article is placed inside. I f the refrigerator is small the m e a t is cooled b y placing the m o u l d in a sink filled w i t h cold w a t e r for 10 to 20 m i n u t e s , the w a t e r r u n n i n g constantly a n d overflowing. W h e n the m e a t is of poor quality or small w i t h bones, as in the case of t o n g u e s w h i c h have to be s k i n n e d a n d b o n e d , the m e a t can b e partly cooked, t r i m m e d , recooked to sterilise, a n d t h e n placed in the m o u l d s , u s i n g the aseptic m e t h o d described. T h e use of a m a s k is desirable b u t n o t essential. It prevents c o n t a m i n a t i o n of cooked m e a t a n d utensils by o r g a n isms f r o m the nose a n d m o u t h a n d of t h e h a n d s b y s t a p h y lococci, w h i c h m a y be in the nose. It r e m i n d s t h e b u t c h e r t h a t t h e p r e p a r a t i o n of pressed m e a t is a very special process. Bacteriological checks have n o t so far s h o w n p a t h o g e n i c o r g a n i s m s p r e s e n t in t h e jelly, m e a t or m o u l d s . T h e m e t h o d h a s b e e n readily accepted b y t h e b u t c h e r s w h e n it has b e e n f o u n d to p r o d u c e a satisfactory" pack a n d n o t to increase significantly the t i m e t a k e n o n t h e work. It can b e r e c o m m e n d e d for t h e small p r o d u c e r w h o cooks only once or twice a week.
Summary 1. Statistics of o u t b r e a k s of food p o i s o n i n g in E n g l a n d a n d Wales w h e r e m e a t a n d pressed m e a t p r o d u c t s acted as a vehicle are given. 2. F o u r o u t b r e a k s in Leicester, d u e to Staph. aureus (coagulase p o s i t i v e ) i n pressed m e a t s are described. 3. T h e results of a survey o f the m e t h o d u s e d to p r e pare cold m e a t s i n Leicester are given. 4. I n m a n y cases t h e m e t h o d s used were unsatisfactory. 5. P a t h o g e n i c organisms or organisms i n d i c a t i n g the possibility of c o n t a m i n a t i o n b y p a t h o g e n i c o r g a n i s m s were recovered f r o m s p e c i m e n s f r o m 13 o u t of 20 premises examined. 6. A m e t h o d for the satisfactory p r e p a r a t i o n of m e a t p r o d u c t s is described.
Acknowledgments M y t h a n k s are due to Dr. E. K. M a c d o n a l d , Medical Officer of Health, Leicester, for his interest a n d criticism ; to M r . J. L. Beckett, City Surveyor, Leicester, a n d M r . H . W r i g h t , of his D e p a r t m e n t , for c o d i n g t h e results ; to Dr. E. H a r p e r Gillespie, the late D i r e c t o r of t h e P u b l i c H e a l t h L a b o r a t o r y , Leicester, a n d to D r . N . S. M a i r , D i r e c t o r of t h e P u b l i c H e a l t h L a b o r a t o r y , Leicester, for t h e bacteriological results a n d details of t h e bacteriological m e t h o d s used ; to D r . W. Charles C o c k b u r n for details of t h e o u t b r e a k s of food p o i s o n i n g in E n g l a n d a n d Wales in 1951 due to p r e s s e d m e a t p r o d u c t s ; a n d to t h e Leicester sanitary inspectors for t h e i r help d u r i n g visits. REFERENCES ALLISON, V. D., HOBBS, B. C., ~ MARTIN, B . M . (1949.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., 8, 38. COC~t~N, W . C . (1950.) Ibid., 9, 254. (1953.) Personal communication. : & SIMPSON, E. (1951.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. P.H.L.S., xo, 228. DUNCAN, J . T . (1944.) Ibid., 3, 61. EDWARDS, J. L. (1943.) Ibid., 2, 84. FEIO, M. (1950.) Amer. J. Pub. Hlth., 4o, 1372. GERRARD, F . R . (1950.) ft. R. San: Inst., 7o, 396. HOBBS, ]3. C., & FREEMAN, V. (1949.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., 8, 63.
HOBBS,' B. C., SMITH, M. E., OAm.EY, C. L., WARRACK, G. H., & CRUICKSHANK, J. C.
(1953.)
.7. Hyg. Camb., 5x, 53.
, & THOMAS, E. M. (1948.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Filth. & P.H.L.S., 7, 261. Hygiene in Meat Products Factories--Food Manufacturers' Federation Inc., London, 1952. JORDAN, E. O., & BURROV,'S,W. (1935). ft. Infec. Dis. (Quoted in " Principles of Bacteriology." Topley & Wilson, Arnold, London, 1946.) KNox, R., & MACDONALD, E. K. (1943.) Med. Offr., 69, 21. LOGAN, J. S., & OLIVER, J. O. (1952.) Mthly. Bull., j'Vlin, of Hlth. & P.H.L.S., xx, 123. MILLAR, E. L. M., & POWNALL, M. (1950.) Brit. Med. J., 2, 551. MOORE, B., & TOPLEY, E. (1943.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. P.H.L.S., Z, 71. ODDY, J. G., & CLEGO, H . W . (1947.) Brit. Med. ft., x, 442. PILSWORTH, R. (1952.) IVIthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., II, 128. " Principles of Bacteriology," Topley & Wilson, Arnold, London, 1946. Reports of the Chief Medical Officer of the Ministry of Health. H.M. Stationery Office, London. Report of the Manufactured Meat Products Working Party. H.M. Stationery Office, London. 1950. ROSS, A. I., & GILLESPIE, E. H. (1952.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., xx, 36. SAVAGE, W. G., & WHITE, P. B. (1925.) Med. Res. Council Rep. Series No. 92. SCOTT, W. M. (1939.) Proc. 6th Pacific Science Congr., 5, 357. (Quoted in " Principles of Bacteriology," Topley & Wilson, Arnold, London, 1946.) STONE, D . M . (1944.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. & P.H.L.S., 3, 58. WILLIAMS, R. E. O., RIPPON, J. F., & DOWSETT, L. M. (1953.) Lancet, x, 510.
OFFICIAL NOTICES
County Borough of Blackpool PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT
DOI~ICILIARY ~URSING SERVICE
Applications are invited for a p p o i n t m e n t of District Nurses. Applicants must possess S.R.N. Certificate and preference will be given to those who have passed a n approved course in district nursing. Salary and conditions of service in accordance with the recommendations of the Nurses and Midwives Whitley Council. Forms of application and full particulars may be obtained from the Medical Officer of Health, Municipal Health Centre, Whitegate Drive, Blackpool, TREVOR T. JONES, Town Clerk.
City of Nottingham Education Committee Applications are invited from registered medical practitioners with not less t h a n three years' experience since qualifying for a p p o i n t m e n t as whole-time or part-time ASSISTANT SCHOOL MEDICAL OFFICER. Salary in accordance with National scales. Applications, stating age, qualifications and experience, and the names of three referees, should be sent to Dr. A. A. E. Newth, 28 Chaucer Street, Nottingham. F. STEPHENSON, Director o] Education.
Public Health is the Official Organ of the Society of Medical Officers 0I Health and a suitable medium for the advertisement of official appointments v a c a n t in the health service. Space is also available for a certain number of approved commercial advertisements. Application should be made to the Executive Secretary of the Society, a t Tavistock House South, Tavistock Square, W.C.I. Subscription 3IS. 6d. per annum, post free, in advance. Single copies 2s. 6d. post free. Official classified advertisements are charged a t 3 s. 6d. per line or part of a line. Minimum charge 2os. Telephone: Euston 3923. Telegrams: Epidauros, Westcent.
200
After each i n s t r u m e n t is used it is r e t u r n e d to the h y p o chlorite solution. Boiling gelatine solution is p o u r e d into t h e m o u l d and a sterile cover applied u s i n g the l a u n d r y t o n g s to h a n d l e the cover w h e n it is m a d e of s h e e t m e t a l w i t h o u t a h~ndle, otherwise h o l d i n g t h e cover b y the handle, care b e i n g taken t h a t t h e p a r r t h a t is to come into contact w i t h the m e a t or jelly does n o t t o u c h anything. T h e filled m o u l d is t h e n t a k e n straight to t h e c o l d r o o m or refrigerator if this is large e n o u g h n o t to suffer a significant rise of t e m p e r a t u r e w h e n a hot article is placed inside. I f the refrigerator is small the m e a t is cooled b y placing the m o u l d in a sink filled w i t h cold w a t e r for 10 to 20 m i n u t e s , the w a t e r r u n n i n g constantly a n d overflowing. W h e n the m e a t is of poor quality or small w i t h bones, as in the case of t o n g u e s w h i c h have to be s k i n n e d a n d b o n e d , the m e a t can b e partly cooked, t r i m m e d , recooked to sterilise, a n d t h e n placed in the m o u l d s , u s i n g the aseptic m e t h o d described. T h e use of a m a s k is desirable b u t n o t essential. It prevents c o n t a m i n a t i o n of cooked m e a t a n d utensils by o r g a n isms f r o m the nose a n d m o u t h a n d of t h e h a n d s b y s t a p h y lococci, w h i c h m a y be in the nose. It r e m i n d s t h e b u t c h e r t h a t t h e p r e p a r a t i o n of pressed m e a t is a very special process. Bacteriological checks have n o t so far s h o w n p a t h o g e n i c o r g a n i s m s p r e s e n t in t h e jelly, m e a t or m o u l d s . T h e m e t h o d h a s b e e n readily accepted b y t h e b u t c h e r s w h e n it has b e e n f o u n d to p r o d u c e a satisfactory" pack a n d n o t to increase significantly the t i m e t a k e n o n t h e work. It can b e r e c o m m e n d e d for t h e small p r o d u c e r w h o cooks only once or twice a week.
Summary 1. Statistics of o u t b r e a k s of food p o i s o n i n g in E n g l a n d a n d Wales w h e r e m e a t a n d pressed m e a t p r o d u c t s acted as a vehicle are given. 2. F o u r o u t b r e a k s in Leicester, d u e to Staph. aureus (coagulase p o s i t i v e ) i n pressed m e a t s are described. 3. T h e results of a survey o f the m e t h o d u s e d to p r e pare cold m e a t s i n Leicester are given. 4. I n m a n y cases t h e m e t h o d s used were unsatisfactory. 5. P a t h o g e n i c organisms or organisms i n d i c a t i n g the possibility of c o n t a m i n a t i o n b y p a t h o g e n i c o r g a n i s m s were recovered f r o m s p e c i m e n s f r o m 13 o u t of 20 premises examined. 6. A m e t h o d for the satisfactory p r e p a r a t i o n of m e a t p r o d u c t s is described.
Acknowledgments M y t h a n k s are due to Dr. E. K. M a c d o n a l d , Medical Officer of Health, Leicester, for his interest a n d criticism ; to M r . J. L. Beckett, City Surveyor, Leicester, a n d M r . H . W r i g h t , of his D e p a r t m e n t , for c o d i n g t h e results ; to Dr. E. H a r p e r Gillespie, the late D i r e c t o r of t h e P u b l i c H e a l t h L a b o r a t o r y , Leicester, a n d to D r . N . S. M a i r , D i r e c t o r of t h e P u b l i c H e a l t h L a b o r a t o r y , Leicester, for t h e bacteriological results a n d details of t h e bacteriological m e t h o d s used ; to D r . W. Charles C o c k b u r n for details of t h e o u t b r e a k s of food p o i s o n i n g in E n g l a n d a n d Wales in 1951 due to p r e s s e d m e a t p r o d u c t s ; a n d to t h e Leicester sanitary inspectors for t h e i r help d u r i n g visits. REFERENCES ALLISON, V. D., HOBBS, B. C., ~ MARTIN, B . M . (1949.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., 8, 38. COC~t~N, W . C . (1950.) Ibid., 9, 254. (1953.) Personal communication. : & SIMPSON, E. (1951.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. P.H.L.S., xo, 228. DUNCAN, J . T . (1944.) Ibid., 3, 61. EDWARDS, J. L. (1943.) Ibid., 2, 84. FEIO, M. (1950.) Amer. J. Pub. Hlth., 4o, 1372. GERRARD, F . R . (1950.) ft. R. San: Inst., 7o, 396. HOBBS, ]3. C., & FREEMAN, V. (1949.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., 8, 63.
HOBBS,' B. C., SMITH, M. E., OAm.EY, C. L., WARRACK, G. H., & CRUICKSHANK, J. C.
(1953.)
.7. Hyg. Camb., 5x, 53.
, & THOMAS, E. M. (1948.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Filth. & P.H.L.S., 7, 261. Hygiene in Meat Products Factories--Food Manufacturers' Federation Inc., London, 1952. JORDAN, E. O., & BURROV,'S,W. (1935). ft. Infec. Dis. (Quoted in " Principles of Bacteriology." Topley & Wilson, Arnold, London, 1946.) KNox, R., & MACDONALD, E. K. (1943.) Med. Offr., 69, 21. LOGAN, J. S., & OLIVER, J. O. (1952.) Mthly. Bull., j'Vlin, of Hlth. & P.H.L.S., xx, 123. MILLAR, E. L. M., & POWNALL, M. (1950.) Brit. Med. J., 2, 551. MOORE, B., & TOPLEY, E. (1943.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. P.H.L.S., Z, 71. ODDY, J. G., & CLEGO, H . W . (1947.) Brit. Med. ft., x, 442. PILSWORTH, R. (1952.) IVIthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., II, 128. " Principles of Bacteriology," Topley & Wilson, Arnold, London, 1946. Reports of the Chief Medical Officer of the Ministry of Health. H.M. Stationery Office, London. Report of the Manufactured Meat Products Working Party. H.M. Stationery Office, London. 1950. ROSS, A. I., & GILLESPIE, E. H. (1952.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. ~ P.H.L.S., xx, 36. SAVAGE, W. G., & WHITE, P. B. (1925.) Med. Res. Council Rep. Series No. 92. SCOTT, W. M. (1939.) Proc. 6th Pacific Science Congr., 5, 357. (Quoted in " Principles of Bacteriology," Topley & Wilson, Arnold, London, 1946.) STONE, D . M . (1944.) Mthly. Bull., Min. of Hlth. & P.H.L.S., 3, 58. WILLIAMS, R. E. O., RIPPON, J. F., & DOWSETT, L. M. (1953.) Lancet, x, 510.
OFFICIAL NOTICES
County Borough of Blackpool PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT
DOI~ICILIARY ~URSING SERVICE
Applications are invited for a p p o i n t m e n t of District Nurses. Applicants must possess S.R.N. Certificate and preference will be given to those who have passed a n approved course in district nursing. Salary and conditions of service in accordance with the recommendations of the Nurses and Midwives Whitley Council. Forms of application and full particulars may be obtained from the Medical Officer of Health, Municipal Health Centre, Whitegate Drive, Blackpool, TREVOR T. JONES, Town Clerk.
City of Nottingham Education Committee Applications are invited from registered medical practitioners with not less t h a n three years' experience since qualifying for a p p o i n t m e n t as whole-time or part-time ASSISTANT SCHOOL MEDICAL OFFICER. Salary in accordance with National scales. Applications, stating age, qualifications and experience, and the names of three referees, should be sent to Dr. A. A. E. Newth, 28 Chaucer Street, Nottingham. F. STEPHENSON, Director o] Education.
Public Health is the Official Organ of the Society of Medical Officers 0I Health and a suitable medium for the advertisement of official appointments v a c a n t in the health service. Space is also available for a certain number of approved commercial advertisements. Application should be made to the Executive Secretary of the Society, a t Tavistock House South, Tavistock Square, W.C.I. Subscription 3IS. 6d. per annum, post free, in advance. Single copies 2s. 6d. post free. Official classified advertisements are charged a t 3 s. 6d. per line or part of a line. Minimum charge 2os. Telephone: Euston 3923. Telegrams: Epidauros, Westcent.