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Coupled heat and water flows around buried cables
55A
Physico-chemical properties
823051 OVERCONSC~IDREibNEFFECTS OF GROUND FREEZING Chamberlain, E J
Em~ 823047 TH~%MAL CONDUCTIVITIES OF MUDROCKS IN THE UNITED Elocmer, J R q J Engr4~ Oeol, VI4, N~, 1981, P357-362 In the prediction of s~surface temperatures or evaluation of hest flow, accurate evaluation of thermal couductivlties is particularly in the case of mudstor~s. The problems associated with %he measurement of thermal cor~uctivity in m~dstones and methods used a r e briefly discussed. A simple expression relatir~ thermal conductivity, density add litholo~y is derived add verified by experiment. FiDally$ data on thermal codd~ctivity from several areas in the UK is presented add discussed.
8230&8 C(X/PLED HEAT AND WATER FLOWS AROUND BURIED Abdel-Hadi, 0 N; Mitchell, J K J Geotech Engng Div ASCE, Vl07, NGTII,
Nov 1981, Plt~61-1~87 Theoretical and experimental studies of heat flow ~nd moisture movemer~c u n d ~ thermal gradients are described with particular emphasis on flows arouDd buried electrical t r a n ~ s s i o n cables. A one-dimensional finite difference computer program far anslysis of coEpled heat and water flows in layered systems based on the Philip and DeVries theory is developed. A field test was ~or~l~ed to evaluate the heat anl moisture flow predictive methods. A finite element two-dimensioDal computer program is used to predict the variation of temperature distributions around the huried cable with time after initiation of cable heating.
Compressibility, swelling and consolidation 8230~9 SELF-WEIGHT CONSOLIDATION OF SOFT SOILS: AN ~IMENTAL AND THEORETICAL SIvJDY Been, K; Sills, G C Geotechnique, V31, N~, Dec 1981, P519-535 This paper describes laboratory experiments on the development and consolidation of a soft soil in settlir~ col~mmns, with measurement of der~ity (using an accurate, non-destructive X-ray technique), total stress, pure presst~re add settlement. The results are cemlmred with an earlier theoretical model. Modifications made to the model in the light of observed experimental features allow it to b e u s e d to predict the laboratory consolidation.
823050 KEY TO SOLUTIOE OF THE IRROTATIONAL CONSOlIDATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO CYLINDRICAL CLAY Ktmmmoto, N; Yoshikuni, H Soils Found, V21, N2, June 1981, P35-~6 Presents an analysis of multidimensional consolidation where the consolidation equation has been turned into a heat conduction type equation which includes the concept of the consolidation po~entlal: this azmlysis is simplified in the case of irro~atiorml consolidation. A rigorous solution of consolidation of a cylindrical clay sample with e~termal radial drainage is given.
Geol, YI8, NI-I~, Dec 1981, P07-110 (Paper t o 2mi I r ~ e r n s t i o n a l Symposium o n Orou~i Freezi~6, Tronlhelm, 21~.-26 3'tree 1980)
Freezl~g of soft clayey soils can cause a significant c h a ~ e in soll properties such as soil structure add density. Plastic soils ma~ be overconsolidated by freezlr~, add t h a w i ~ of these soils may result in large settlements, due %o s u c t i o n fc~ces that draw pore water to the freeziDg front. A technique far determinimg the maximum suction occurrir~ d u r i ~ freezing is presented. The v o l ~ c h s ~ s resulti~ from the freezlr~ and t h a w i ~ of clays are shown t o h e related to the plastic limit a~d are observed to be as high as 25 per cent in the laboratory.
Dynamic properties 823052 VIBRATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL DEPOSITS WITH V A R I ~ R WAVE VELOCITY Gazetas, G lnt J ~ Anal Meth Gscmech, V6, NI, JanMarch 1982, P1-20 The p a p e r s t u d i e s c e r t a i n d y ~ c characteristics o f s o i l d e p o s i t s w i t h wave v e l o c i t i e s t D o r e a s i = g with depth. Ar~lytical solutions are l~esented for the fundamental periods, mode shapes a~d amplification functions due to vertically Irol~atir~ shear waves anl the effects of type and rate of heterogeneity are systematically investigated. Then ar~lytical-nume~ical techniques are used to study the attenuation with depth in a deposit of t h e v e r t i c a l and h o r i z o n t a l d i s p l a c e m e n t s due t o travelliDg of Rayleigh waves. Differences attr i b u t e d to different heterogensitles are discussed in connection with the machIDe isolation l~oblem add "the steady-state vibration techmlque for soil exploration. Fi~ally, the depe~ience on soil heterogenelty of t h e time-distance response ctu-vesj obtained d u r i ~ seismic refraction surveys, is g r a l ~ i c a l l y illustrated.
823053 MOD~IN0 THE LIQUEFACTION PROCESS Ka~awa, T; Kraft, L M J Oeotech E ~ Div ASCE, VI07, RYfl2, Dec 1981, P1593-1607 The liquefaction model is based solely on observed ~ e pressure responses of sands with some simplifyIDg asstm~f61ons. PeTe presst~e generation o f s a n i s u n d e r u n i f o r m a s w e l l a s irregular loedImgs can be simulated. All model parameters can be determined from conventiomal umdralnsd cyclic tests em~loyi~ unif~a~n stress cycles. The liquefaction model predicted with good accuracy the pare pressure respoDse for both unlfcrm a~i earthquake-type Irre6,alar stress loadi~s. 823054 ANISCTROPIC, CRITICAL STATE MCDEL FOR SOILS TO CTCLIC LOADING Mroz, Z; Ncrrls, V A; Zienklewlcz, 0 C G~nlqus, V31, N~, Dec 1981, P~51-I~69 This paper applies add extends an anisotroplc hardening model to the study of inelastic, undrained clay response urger cyclic loadir6 coDdltions. A modified tWO-surface model and a model with an infinite r ~ e ~ of hardenir6 surfaces are discussed ard applied in the study of undrained, cyclic response of normally corsoli-
Physico-chemical properties
823051 OVERCONSC~IDREibNEFFECTS OF GROUND FREEZING Chamberlain, E J
Em~ 823047 TH~%MAL CONDUCTIVITIES OF MUDROCKS IN THE UNITED Elocmer, J R q J Engr4~ Oeol, VI4, N~, 1981, P357-362 In the prediction of s~surface temperatures or evaluation of hest flow, accurate evaluation of thermal couductivlties is particularly in the case of mudstor~s. The problems associated with %he measurement of thermal cor~uctivity in m~dstones and methods used a r e briefly discussed. A simple expression relatir~ thermal conductivity, density add litholo~y is derived add verified by experiment. FiDally$ data on thermal codd~ctivity from several areas in the UK is presented add discussed.
8230&8 C(X/PLED HEAT AND WATER FLOWS AROUND BURIED Abdel-Hadi, 0 N; Mitchell, J K J Geotech Engng Div ASCE, Vl07, NGTII,
Nov 1981, Plt~61-1~87 Theoretical and experimental studies of heat flow ~nd moisture movemer~c u n d ~ thermal gradients are described with particular emphasis on flows arouDd buried electrical t r a n ~ s s i o n cables. A one-dimensional finite difference computer program far anslysis of coEpled heat and water flows in layered systems based on the Philip and DeVries theory is developed. A field test was ~or~l~ed to evaluate the heat anl moisture flow predictive methods. A finite element two-dimensioDal computer program is used to predict the variation of temperature distributions around the huried cable with time after initiation of cable heating.
Compressibility, swelling and consolidation 8230~9 SELF-WEIGHT CONSOLIDATION OF SOFT SOILS: AN ~IMENTAL AND THEORETICAL SIvJDY Been, K; Sills, G C Geotechnique, V31, N~, Dec 1981, P519-535 This paper describes laboratory experiments on the development and consolidation of a soft soil in settlir~ col~mmns, with measurement of der~ity (using an accurate, non-destructive X-ray technique), total stress, pure presst~re add settlement. The results are cemlmred with an earlier theoretical model. Modifications made to the model in the light of observed experimental features allow it to b e u s e d to predict the laboratory consolidation.
823050 KEY TO SOLUTIOE OF THE IRROTATIONAL CONSOlIDATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO CYLINDRICAL CLAY Ktmmmoto, N; Yoshikuni, H Soils Found, V21, N2, June 1981, P35-~6 Presents an analysis of multidimensional consolidation where the consolidation equation has been turned into a heat conduction type equation which includes the concept of the consolidation po~entlal: this azmlysis is simplified in the case of irro~atiorml consolidation. A rigorous solution of consolidation of a cylindrical clay sample with e~termal radial drainage is given.
Geol, YI8, NI-I~, Dec 1981, P07-110 (Paper t o 2mi I r ~ e r n s t i o n a l Symposium o n Orou~i Freezi~6, Tronlhelm, 21~.-26 3'tree 1980)
Freezl~g of soft clayey soils can cause a significant c h a ~ e in soll properties such as soil structure add density. Plastic soils ma~ be overconsolidated by freezlr~, add t h a w i ~ of these soils may result in large settlements, due %o s u c t i o n fc~ces that draw pore water to the freeziDg front. A technique far determinimg the maximum suction occurrir~ d u r i ~ freezing is presented. The v o l ~ c h s ~ s resulti~ from the freezlr~ and t h a w i ~ of clays are shown t o h e related to the plastic limit a~d are observed to be as high as 25 per cent in the laboratory.
Dynamic properties 823052 VIBRATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL DEPOSITS WITH V A R I ~ R WAVE VELOCITY Gazetas, G lnt J ~ Anal Meth Gscmech, V6, NI, JanMarch 1982, P1-20 The p a p e r s t u d i e s c e r t a i n d y ~ c characteristics o f s o i l d e p o s i t s w i t h wave v e l o c i t i e s t D o r e a s i = g with depth. Ar~lytical solutions are l~esented for the fundamental periods, mode shapes a~d amplification functions due to vertically Irol~atir~ shear waves anl the effects of type and rate of heterogeneity are systematically investigated. Then ar~lytical-nume~ical techniques are used to study the attenuation with depth in a deposit of t h e v e r t i c a l and h o r i z o n t a l d i s p l a c e m e n t s due t o travelliDg of Rayleigh waves. Differences attr i b u t e d to different heterogensitles are discussed in connection with the machIDe isolation l~oblem add "the steady-state vibration techmlque for soil exploration. Fi~ally, the depe~ience on soil heterogenelty of t h e time-distance response ctu-vesj obtained d u r i ~ seismic refraction surveys, is g r a l ~ i c a l l y illustrated.
823053 MOD~IN0 THE LIQUEFACTION PROCESS Ka~awa, T; Kraft, L M J Oeotech E ~ Div ASCE, VI07, RYfl2, Dec 1981, P1593-1607 The liquefaction model is based solely on observed ~ e pressure responses of sands with some simplifyIDg asstm~f61ons. PeTe presst~e generation o f s a n i s u n d e r u n i f o r m a s w e l l a s irregular loedImgs can be simulated. All model parameters can be determined from conventiomal umdralnsd cyclic tests em~loyi~ unif~a~n stress cycles. The liquefaction model predicted with good accuracy the pare pressure respoDse for both unlfcrm a~i earthquake-type Irre6,alar stress loadi~s. 823054 ANISCTROPIC, CRITICAL STATE MCDEL FOR SOILS TO CTCLIC LOADING Mroz, Z; Ncrrls, V A; Zienklewlcz, 0 C G~nlqus, V31, N~, Dec 1981, P~51-I~69 This paper applies add extends an anisotroplc hardening model to the study of inelastic, undrained clay response urger cyclic loadir6 coDdltions. A modified tWO-surface model and a model with an infinite r ~ e ~ of hardenir6 surfaces are discussed ard applied in the study of undrained, cyclic response of normally corsoli-