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COURSES FOR MIDWIVES
1476
INDIAN
MEDICAL
ANNUAL DINNER
THE annual dinner of the Indian Medical Service, held at the Trocadero on June 14th, was attended by 133 officers. Major-General E. W. C. Bradfield, the director-general, presided, and the guests included the Marquess of Zetland, Secretary of State for India. The members of the Service present were :-
Major-Generals:Sir Robert McCarrison, I. M. Macrae, C. W. F. Melville, Sir John Megaw, Sir Frank Connor, H. R. Nutt, T. G. Ferguson Paterson, Sir Cuthbert Sprawson, Sir Thomas Symons, Sir Leonard Rogers, and G. Tate. Coloneds : H. Ainsworth, Sir Charles Brierley, H. H. Broome, H. M. Cruddas, H. R. Dutton, A. B. Fry, J. Fuller-Good, T. A. Granger, C. R. M. Green, W. H. Leonard, G. R. Lynn, H. M. Mackenzie, F. P. Mackie, A. J. Macnab, A. A. McNeight, A. A. C. McNeill, Sir Richard Needham, C. H. Reinhold, H. E. StangerLeathes, J. Taylor, R. G. Turner, J. Norman Walker, and C. N. C. Wimberley. Lieut. -Colonels:W. G. P. Alpin, F. J. Anderson, C. H. Barber, Norman Briggs, G. T. Burke, H. P. Cook, H. S. Cormack, D. G. Crawford, J. M. Crawford, H. J. M. Cursetjee, J. B. Dalzell-Hunter, I. Davenport-Jones, W. E. R. Dimond, F. F. Elwes, S. C. Evans, S. M. A. Faruqi, J. K. S. Fleming, H. R. B. Gibson, E. S. Goss, V. B. Green-Armitage, F. Griffith, A. E. Grisewood, R. Hay, S. N. Hayes, W. L. Harnett, J. M. R. Hennessy, B. Higham, H. Hingston, J. M. Holmes, E. V. Hugo, M. L. C. Irvine, H. H. King, J. B. Lapsley, J. C. H. Leicester, J. G. McCann, D. McDonald, R. F. D. MacGregor, H. M. Mackenzie, G. R. McRobert, S. A. McSwiney, E. C. G. Maddock, S. N. Makand, G. E. Malcomson, W. A. Mearns, S. H. Middleton-West, T. R. Mulroney, Clive Newcomb, C. Newton-Davis, H. K. Rowntree, J. D. Sandes, J. A. Sinton, R. B. Seymour Sewell, A. L. Sheppard, H. B. Steen, R. Steen, Ashton Street, W. A. Sykes, R. Sweet, C. Thomson, E. Owen Thurston, P. Verdon, E. L. Ward, E. E. Waters, H. Williamson, and R. E. Wright. Majors H. C. Brown, J. A. Cruickshank, J. A. W. Ebden, Sir T. Carey Evans, P. Heffernan, E. S. S. Lucas, V. B. Nesfield, C. G. Seymour, H. S. Waters, and R. A. Wesson. Captains:A. H. Barzilay, G. F. A. Condon, K. Cunningham, C. H. Dhala, Dev Dutt, G. K. Graham, R. J. Jarvie, B. N. Khan, M. E. Kirwan, W. A. N. Marrow, P. L. O’Neill, G. R. C. Palmer, R. I. Reid, M. Sendak, Man Singh, and G. E. S. Stewart. LieutenantsD. M. Black, J. H. Briscoe-Smith, J. G. Fife, A. C. Glendinning, G. K. Graham, N. D. Jekyll, G. C. Retz, and A. R. Woodford. The
guests were Lord Zetland, General Sir Sydney Muspratt, Major-General W. Brooke-Purdon, Dr. N. Hamilton Fairley, Dr. N. G. Horner, and Dr. T. F. Fox. General
BRADFIELD, proposing
the toast of The
Service, quoted Michael Foster’s saying that the greater part of us has come down from the past. Wherever he went he was filled with pride at what officers of the I.M.S. had done in building up medical organisation in India. Eight medical schools, producing 35,000 practitioners, owed their existence to the Service, and in research it had played no small part in what was called the conquest of the tropics. Difficulties there were, had been, and always would be. Medicine, with more and more specialties, was more exacting than formerly. Not only must the civil surgeon be the best qualified man in his district but the Service wished to give all the help it could to the large body of practitioners for which it was responsible. The LbT.S. officer to-day was doing as good work as any of his predecessors and, though the pace was faster and called for more ability and
initiative, he
was
holding
his
own.
It
was
that 52 per cent. had qualifications higher than the M.B. ; and 82 were F.R.C.S., 13 M.S., 14 F.R.C.P., 36 M.R.C.P., and 86 D.P.H. At a dinner of research workers at Delhi last December the atmosphere had been " distinctly pre-war," and he found new entrants entirely satisfied with the career they had chosen. There were now 264 Indian officers in the Service : but " in the I.M.S. we have no racial problem : they are just as keen on the Service’s good name-just as jealous of its traditions-as any of us." General Bradfield’s own faith in the Service was, he said, as great as on the day he joined it. In Isaak Walton’s words, " The Almighty might have invented but he didn’t." a better life ; The toast of The Chairman was proposed by MajorGeneral C. W. F. MELVILLE, who said that no man was more truly the epitome of the Service, and Lord ZETLAND concluded the speeches with a happy
worthy
SERVICE
note-
impromptu. COURSES FOR MIDWIVES FROM the
beginning of next year every practising obliged to attend from time to time a course of post-certificate instruction. One of the duties of the Central Midwives Board lay down rules for such courses, and their new regulations are made in the belief that most midwives will regard professional refreshment of this kind as a privilege and not as a penalty. The aim, as set out in a memorandum by the Board, is twofold : first, to refresh the midwife in her theoretical knowledge, her practical skill, and her general outlook; and secondly, to give her new information. Since the midwives attending courses midwife will be
will have been trained at different schools and will have acquired settled habits and methods of work, it is concluded that the courses should consist almost entirely in personal tuition ; "the teacher will require to observe the midwife at work, to decide what are her good points and what are her weak points, and by personal discussion and explanation show the midwife how to eliminate the bad while retaining the good habits and methods." In this task skill, insight, and patience will be necessary. A further condition of success however is that the courses should be designed and conducted specially for practising (as opposed to pupil) midwives, and should not involve an undue amount of routine work in a hospital or on a district. " If, instead of being required to attend a special course, the midwives are merely required to return to hospital, their own or another, some will derive real profit, but many will slip through with only a superficial gain." The instruction, it is felt, should be both theoretical and practical, all theory being related to practice, and should make use of both hospital and domiciliary facilities. Four weeks in residence is considereda minimum, and though more would be advantageous the Board believes that a month’s course at intervals of not more than seven years will prove far more useful than attendance at more intensive residential courses at shorter intervals or longer and more frequent non-residential courses. Free from the distractions of practice, a midwife will profit by contact with other midwives and the informal talks of teachers and fellow students, and during a month her teachers should have time and opportunity to become acquainted with her and give her the necessary personal instruction. The rules laid down for institutions that give such training include provision of a separate bedroom for each midwife on the post-
1477 certificate course and a common-room reserved for them. It is thought best that recognition should be granted only to institutions that will conduct each year approximately ten courses each attended by ten midwives, and in such circumstances the staff is to consist of not less than three midwife teachers, the most senior of whom should if possible hold the midwife-teacher’s certificate. If the course is to include obstetric analgesia its duration must be at least five weeks. Other rules have been made concerning supervisors or assistant supervisors of midwives and the conditions under which they too must receive periodical
instruction.
TUBERCULOSIS:
A KEY PROBLEM INDIA
OF
Sir JOHN MEGAW gave this title to an address delivered at a meeting held in London last Tuesday under the auspices of the East India Association and the Overseas League, the Marchioness of Linlithgow
presiding.
The Indian situation, he said, could be understood in the light of experience gained in other countries where reliable evidence was available. Information about the prevalence of tuberculosis in India was very scanty ; there was no record of the tuberculosis death-rate except in the cities and large towns-e.g., in Cawnpore, where it was 4600 per million, or in Calcutta (2500). The death-rate from tuberculosis among girls and young women who live in purdah was appalling, being several times higher than that of males in the same age-group. Medical men in India were almost unanimous in declaring that the disease was increasing rapidly, and that it was extending to rural areas that were formerly free from infection. They also reported that when the disease spread to new localities it assumed a more virulent form than in places previously affected. Estimates based on various data suggested that there were at least 1to 2 million cases in India, while all the evidence pointed so strongly to a serious increase in the disease that an accurate survey of the situation was urgently needed. Meanwhile, however, antituberculosis measures, both preventive and remedial, must be vigorously carried out. It was obviously impracticable to isolate all tuberculous persons, but there was no need to be unduly discouraged by this, for with tuberculosis, as with all other public health problems, the best plan was to teach people to do things for themselves. Things done for the people must necessarily be expensive and of temporary benefit, whereas things done by the people themselves were both economical and durable. The spread of infection in India could only be prevented by education. The people must be taught, by schools, printing press, public lectures, cinemas, and broadcasting, how droplet and alimentary infections were conveyed and how they could be avoided. Preventive measures which aimed at building up bodily resistance against the bacillus these conwere essential parts of the programme ; stituted a complex problem in themselves. The key unit in every State was the family, and the only prosperous States were those in which each family lived a well-planned life. The heads of every family must therefore be taught how to plan a satisfactory existence for those dependent on them, and here was where the responsibility of governments came in. The most difficult part of the task was to bring about the change in the outlook of the people without
only
which better conditions of life were unattainable. Inefficient methods of agriculture, wasteful customs, early and improvident marriages were some of the chief handicaps which the people of India had imposed on themselves. There was good reason to believe that if a quarter of the money now spent on education in India were allotted to a scheme of instruction in life planning, the problem of tuberculosis and most of the other great problems could be solved. The first essential was to have a sound plan, and the preparation of such a plan demanded the cooperation of men with practical knowledge of agriculture, industry, economics, hygiene, education, and, above all, of men with a sympathetic understanding of the psychology of the Indian peasant. Technical advisers were needed, whose teaching should be coordinated and translated into simple language. When once a plan had been prepared, the rest would be easy ; it would only be necessary to carry out a system of mass propaganda on the lines that had always proved successful elsewhere. Lady LINLI[THGOW spoke of the work that was planned in connexion with the King George V Thanksgiving Fund in India. The income from this fund amounted to E4000 yearly. It had been decided that 95 per cent. of the money collected in each province should go back to that province. Of the remaining 5 per cent. part would be devoted to paying for the services of an expert whose services would be available in helping to plan appropriate schemes. It was also hoped to establish a model clinic, and to enlarge the scope of existing buildings. The preventive side of the campaign was to her the whole crux of the situation, and there was also need for after-care schemes. Other speakers included Lord Goschen, chairman of the Overseas League, Major-General E. W. C. Bradfield, director-general of the Indian Medical Service, Sir Cuthbert Sprawson, Dame Edith Brown, and Sir Leonard Rogers, F.R.S. EPSOM COLLEGE The eighty-fifth annual general meeting of the governors was held at 49, Bedford-square, W.C., on June 17th, with Dr. Henry Robinson in the chair. The result of the last election of pensioners and foundation scholars was announced. The chairman then referred to the loss which the college had sustained by the death of Sir Raymond Crawfurd, who was for 23 years a member of the council, and its chairman for 13 years. In presenting the report, Dr. Robinson said that over 400 subscribers had signed seven-yearly covenants. The report gave interesting details of the progress of the school in work and in play, with some outstanding records attained by Epsom boys and Old Epsomians, and showed that Old Epsomians were among the recent benefactors of the college. For instance, Colonel W. L. Crawford had given i5000 to found a leaving scholarship and JE250 to found a prize for an essay dealing with the overseas empire ; Mr. E. E. Fisher, F.R.C.S., had sent ;E250 as an expression of gratitude to the college ; the sons and daughters of the late Mr. William Murray Wilson had established a prize in his memory ; and Dr. W. Rushton-Parker had given il000 to be expended for the benefit of science and 9100 for the library. Mrs. H. G. Tetley had given a further i500 to augment the Tetley scholarship fund which she founded a few years ago. The following members of the council -were re-elected for a further period of three years : Mr. D. C. Bartley, Sir John Broadbent, F.R.C.P., Surgeon Vice-Admiral Sir Reginald Bond, F.R.C.P., Sir Ernest Goodhart, Mr. R. M. Handfield-Jones, F.R.C.S., Mr. Frederick Morris, Sir Cosmo Parkinson, Dr. Harold Spitta, and Mr. T. Hollis Walker. Dr. Daniel Twining was elected to fill a vacancy, and Dr. C. E. Douglas was elected a vice-president. Colonel Norman C. King, Mr. H. H. Rew, and Mr. H. A. Deeker were appointed auditors for the ensuing year.
-
INDIAN
MEDICAL
ANNUAL DINNER
THE annual dinner of the Indian Medical Service, held at the Trocadero on June 14th, was attended by 133 officers. Major-General E. W. C. Bradfield, the director-general, presided, and the guests included the Marquess of Zetland, Secretary of State for India. The members of the Service present were :-
Major-Generals:Sir Robert McCarrison, I. M. Macrae, C. W. F. Melville, Sir John Megaw, Sir Frank Connor, H. R. Nutt, T. G. Ferguson Paterson, Sir Cuthbert Sprawson, Sir Thomas Symons, Sir Leonard Rogers, and G. Tate. Coloneds : H. Ainsworth, Sir Charles Brierley, H. H. Broome, H. M. Cruddas, H. R. Dutton, A. B. Fry, J. Fuller-Good, T. A. Granger, C. R. M. Green, W. H. Leonard, G. R. Lynn, H. M. Mackenzie, F. P. Mackie, A. J. Macnab, A. A. McNeight, A. A. C. McNeill, Sir Richard Needham, C. H. Reinhold, H. E. StangerLeathes, J. Taylor, R. G. Turner, J. Norman Walker, and C. N. C. Wimberley. Lieut. -Colonels:W. G. P. Alpin, F. J. Anderson, C. H. Barber, Norman Briggs, G. T. Burke, H. P. Cook, H. S. Cormack, D. G. Crawford, J. M. Crawford, H. J. M. Cursetjee, J. B. Dalzell-Hunter, I. Davenport-Jones, W. E. R. Dimond, F. F. Elwes, S. C. Evans, S. M. A. Faruqi, J. K. S. Fleming, H. R. B. Gibson, E. S. Goss, V. B. Green-Armitage, F. Griffith, A. E. Grisewood, R. Hay, S. N. Hayes, W. L. Harnett, J. M. R. Hennessy, B. Higham, H. Hingston, J. M. Holmes, E. V. Hugo, M. L. C. Irvine, H. H. King, J. B. Lapsley, J. C. H. Leicester, J. G. McCann, D. McDonald, R. F. D. MacGregor, H. M. Mackenzie, G. R. McRobert, S. A. McSwiney, E. C. G. Maddock, S. N. Makand, G. E. Malcomson, W. A. Mearns, S. H. Middleton-West, T. R. Mulroney, Clive Newcomb, C. Newton-Davis, H. K. Rowntree, J. D. Sandes, J. A. Sinton, R. B. Seymour Sewell, A. L. Sheppard, H. B. Steen, R. Steen, Ashton Street, W. A. Sykes, R. Sweet, C. Thomson, E. Owen Thurston, P. Verdon, E. L. Ward, E. E. Waters, H. Williamson, and R. E. Wright. Majors H. C. Brown, J. A. Cruickshank, J. A. W. Ebden, Sir T. Carey Evans, P. Heffernan, E. S. S. Lucas, V. B. Nesfield, C. G. Seymour, H. S. Waters, and R. A. Wesson. Captains:A. H. Barzilay, G. F. A. Condon, K. Cunningham, C. H. Dhala, Dev Dutt, G. K. Graham, R. J. Jarvie, B. N. Khan, M. E. Kirwan, W. A. N. Marrow, P. L. O’Neill, G. R. C. Palmer, R. I. Reid, M. Sendak, Man Singh, and G. E. S. Stewart. LieutenantsD. M. Black, J. H. Briscoe-Smith, J. G. Fife, A. C. Glendinning, G. K. Graham, N. D. Jekyll, G. C. Retz, and A. R. Woodford. The
guests were Lord Zetland, General Sir Sydney Muspratt, Major-General W. Brooke-Purdon, Dr. N. Hamilton Fairley, Dr. N. G. Horner, and Dr. T. F. Fox. General
BRADFIELD, proposing
the toast of The
Service, quoted Michael Foster’s saying that the greater part of us has come down from the past. Wherever he went he was filled with pride at what officers of the I.M.S. had done in building up medical organisation in India. Eight medical schools, producing 35,000 practitioners, owed their existence to the Service, and in research it had played no small part in what was called the conquest of the tropics. Difficulties there were, had been, and always would be. Medicine, with more and more specialties, was more exacting than formerly. Not only must the civil surgeon be the best qualified man in his district but the Service wished to give all the help it could to the large body of practitioners for which it was responsible. The LbT.S. officer to-day was doing as good work as any of his predecessors and, though the pace was faster and called for more ability and
initiative, he
was
holding
his
own.
It
was
that 52 per cent. had qualifications higher than the M.B. ; and 82 were F.R.C.S., 13 M.S., 14 F.R.C.P., 36 M.R.C.P., and 86 D.P.H. At a dinner of research workers at Delhi last December the atmosphere had been " distinctly pre-war," and he found new entrants entirely satisfied with the career they had chosen. There were now 264 Indian officers in the Service : but " in the I.M.S. we have no racial problem : they are just as keen on the Service’s good name-just as jealous of its traditions-as any of us." General Bradfield’s own faith in the Service was, he said, as great as on the day he joined it. In Isaak Walton’s words, " The Almighty might have invented but he didn’t." a better life ; The toast of The Chairman was proposed by MajorGeneral C. W. F. MELVILLE, who said that no man was more truly the epitome of the Service, and Lord ZETLAND concluded the speeches with a happy
worthy
SERVICE
note-
impromptu. COURSES FOR MIDWIVES FROM the
beginning of next year every practising obliged to attend from time to time a course of post-certificate instruction. One of the duties of the Central Midwives Board lay down rules for such courses, and their new regulations are made in the belief that most midwives will regard professional refreshment of this kind as a privilege and not as a penalty. The aim, as set out in a memorandum by the Board, is twofold : first, to refresh the midwife in her theoretical knowledge, her practical skill, and her general outlook; and secondly, to give her new information. Since the midwives attending courses midwife will be
will have been trained at different schools and will have acquired settled habits and methods of work, it is concluded that the courses should consist almost entirely in personal tuition ; "the teacher will require to observe the midwife at work, to decide what are her good points and what are her weak points, and by personal discussion and explanation show the midwife how to eliminate the bad while retaining the good habits and methods." In this task skill, insight, and patience will be necessary. A further condition of success however is that the courses should be designed and conducted specially for practising (as opposed to pupil) midwives, and should not involve an undue amount of routine work in a hospital or on a district. " If, instead of being required to attend a special course, the midwives are merely required to return to hospital, their own or another, some will derive real profit, but many will slip through with only a superficial gain." The instruction, it is felt, should be both theoretical and practical, all theory being related to practice, and should make use of both hospital and domiciliary facilities. Four weeks in residence is considereda minimum, and though more would be advantageous the Board believes that a month’s course at intervals of not more than seven years will prove far more useful than attendance at more intensive residential courses at shorter intervals or longer and more frequent non-residential courses. Free from the distractions of practice, a midwife will profit by contact with other midwives and the informal talks of teachers and fellow students, and during a month her teachers should have time and opportunity to become acquainted with her and give her the necessary personal instruction. The rules laid down for institutions that give such training include provision of a separate bedroom for each midwife on the post-
1477 certificate course and a common-room reserved for them. It is thought best that recognition should be granted only to institutions that will conduct each year approximately ten courses each attended by ten midwives, and in such circumstances the staff is to consist of not less than three midwife teachers, the most senior of whom should if possible hold the midwife-teacher’s certificate. If the course is to include obstetric analgesia its duration must be at least five weeks. Other rules have been made concerning supervisors or assistant supervisors of midwives and the conditions under which they too must receive periodical
instruction.
TUBERCULOSIS:
A KEY PROBLEM INDIA
OF
Sir JOHN MEGAW gave this title to an address delivered at a meeting held in London last Tuesday under the auspices of the East India Association and the Overseas League, the Marchioness of Linlithgow
presiding.
The Indian situation, he said, could be understood in the light of experience gained in other countries where reliable evidence was available. Information about the prevalence of tuberculosis in India was very scanty ; there was no record of the tuberculosis death-rate except in the cities and large towns-e.g., in Cawnpore, where it was 4600 per million, or in Calcutta (2500). The death-rate from tuberculosis among girls and young women who live in purdah was appalling, being several times higher than that of males in the same age-group. Medical men in India were almost unanimous in declaring that the disease was increasing rapidly, and that it was extending to rural areas that were formerly free from infection. They also reported that when the disease spread to new localities it assumed a more virulent form than in places previously affected. Estimates based on various data suggested that there were at least 1to 2 million cases in India, while all the evidence pointed so strongly to a serious increase in the disease that an accurate survey of the situation was urgently needed. Meanwhile, however, antituberculosis measures, both preventive and remedial, must be vigorously carried out. It was obviously impracticable to isolate all tuberculous persons, but there was no need to be unduly discouraged by this, for with tuberculosis, as with all other public health problems, the best plan was to teach people to do things for themselves. Things done for the people must necessarily be expensive and of temporary benefit, whereas things done by the people themselves were both economical and durable. The spread of infection in India could only be prevented by education. The people must be taught, by schools, printing press, public lectures, cinemas, and broadcasting, how droplet and alimentary infections were conveyed and how they could be avoided. Preventive measures which aimed at building up bodily resistance against the bacillus these conwere essential parts of the programme ; stituted a complex problem in themselves. The key unit in every State was the family, and the only prosperous States were those in which each family lived a well-planned life. The heads of every family must therefore be taught how to plan a satisfactory existence for those dependent on them, and here was where the responsibility of governments came in. The most difficult part of the task was to bring about the change in the outlook of the people without
only
which better conditions of life were unattainable. Inefficient methods of agriculture, wasteful customs, early and improvident marriages were some of the chief handicaps which the people of India had imposed on themselves. There was good reason to believe that if a quarter of the money now spent on education in India were allotted to a scheme of instruction in life planning, the problem of tuberculosis and most of the other great problems could be solved. The first essential was to have a sound plan, and the preparation of such a plan demanded the cooperation of men with practical knowledge of agriculture, industry, economics, hygiene, education, and, above all, of men with a sympathetic understanding of the psychology of the Indian peasant. Technical advisers were needed, whose teaching should be coordinated and translated into simple language. When once a plan had been prepared, the rest would be easy ; it would only be necessary to carry out a system of mass propaganda on the lines that had always proved successful elsewhere. Lady LINLI[THGOW spoke of the work that was planned in connexion with the King George V Thanksgiving Fund in India. The income from this fund amounted to E4000 yearly. It had been decided that 95 per cent. of the money collected in each province should go back to that province. Of the remaining 5 per cent. part would be devoted to paying for the services of an expert whose services would be available in helping to plan appropriate schemes. It was also hoped to establish a model clinic, and to enlarge the scope of existing buildings. The preventive side of the campaign was to her the whole crux of the situation, and there was also need for after-care schemes. Other speakers included Lord Goschen, chairman of the Overseas League, Major-General E. W. C. Bradfield, director-general of the Indian Medical Service, Sir Cuthbert Sprawson, Dame Edith Brown, and Sir Leonard Rogers, F.R.S. EPSOM COLLEGE The eighty-fifth annual general meeting of the governors was held at 49, Bedford-square, W.C., on June 17th, with Dr. Henry Robinson in the chair. The result of the last election of pensioners and foundation scholars was announced. The chairman then referred to the loss which the college had sustained by the death of Sir Raymond Crawfurd, who was for 23 years a member of the council, and its chairman for 13 years. In presenting the report, Dr. Robinson said that over 400 subscribers had signed seven-yearly covenants. The report gave interesting details of the progress of the school in work and in play, with some outstanding records attained by Epsom boys and Old Epsomians, and showed that Old Epsomians were among the recent benefactors of the college. For instance, Colonel W. L. Crawford had given i5000 to found a leaving scholarship and JE250 to found a prize for an essay dealing with the overseas empire ; Mr. E. E. Fisher, F.R.C.S., had sent ;E250 as an expression of gratitude to the college ; the sons and daughters of the late Mr. William Murray Wilson had established a prize in his memory ; and Dr. W. Rushton-Parker had given il000 to be expended for the benefit of science and 9100 for the library. Mrs. H. G. Tetley had given a further i500 to augment the Tetley scholarship fund which she founded a few years ago. The following members of the council -were re-elected for a further period of three years : Mr. D. C. Bartley, Sir John Broadbent, F.R.C.P., Surgeon Vice-Admiral Sir Reginald Bond, F.R.C.P., Sir Ernest Goodhart, Mr. R. M. Handfield-Jones, F.R.C.S., Mr. Frederick Morris, Sir Cosmo Parkinson, Dr. Harold Spitta, and Mr. T. Hollis Walker. Dr. Daniel Twining was elected to fill a vacancy, and Dr. C. E. Douglas was elected a vice-president. Colonel Norman C. King, Mr. H. H. Rew, and Mr. H. A. Deeker were appointed auditors for the ensuing year.
-