Cryopreservation of zygotes and early cleaved human embryos

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Citationsfrom the Literature

Epithelial cells in fallopian tube and endocervix contained secretory component. These data indicate that secretory IgA, which provides the first line of defense against invading pathogens, is produced locally in tissues of the female reproductive tract. Cryopreservation of zygotes and early cleaved human embryos Cohen J; De Vane GW; Elsner CW; et al Reproductive Biologv Associates, Atlanta, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA FERTIL. STERIL.; 49/2 (283-289)/1988/ Zygotes, and 2- to 5-cell human embryos were frozen in 1,2-propanediol and sucrose; results of the first 50 cycles (45 patients) are presented. A total of 41 zygotes (17 attempts at thawing) were thawed, resulting in six singleton clinical pregnancies (15% per embryo; 35% per cycle), of which three delivered, one aborted, and two are ongoing. Fifty-seven cleaved embryos were thawed in 33 other cycles, resulting in four singleton and one twin pregnancy (llqo per embryo; 15% per cycle), of which four delivered and one is ongoing. Depending on the cell stage, 61% to 81% of embryos survived cryostorage, but 2-tell embryos did not implant. One fifth of cryoinjury was due to the formation of cracks in the zona pellucida. The incidence of implantation was not enhanced when more than one freeze/thawed embryo was replaced, most pregnancies being obtained from single embryo replacements. At least 8% more births are expected in addition to conventional in vitro fertilization methods when the current policy of replacing three fresh embryos and freezing the remainder using this technique is applied. This method will result in two to four times more pregnancies per spare embryo, compared with other cryopreservation methods using older embryos. Results of in vitro fertilization with embryo cryopreservation and a recommendation for uniform reporting Testart J Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Unite 187, Hopital Antoine Beclere, 92141 Clamart, France FERTIL. STERIL.; 49/l (156158)/1988/ The~alyze-iI-data from 295 cycles in which certain embryos Iwere frozen demonstrate a comparable aptitude for development of embryos either fresh or frozen-thawed in cycles yielding four or more embryos. This supports the clinical advantage of freezing certain embryos in this situation. However, there was no advantage in freezing embryos if only one to three were available in the IVF cycle. A formula is proposed to give the current outcome and to compare the success rate of IVF-ET according to various parameters, including the policy for embryo cryopreservation. This formula enables all teams to present their data in an identical manner. Endocrine response to selective embryocide in a gonadotropininduced quintuplet pregnancy O’Keane JA; Ho Yuen B; Farquharson DF; Wittmann BK Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. BC V6H3 VS, Canada Int J Gynecol Obstet 28

AM. J. OBSTET. GYNECOL.; 158/2 (364-367)/1988/ With the increase of medical induction of ovulation, the incidence of grand multiple pregnancy is becoming more frequent. We report the endocrine response of a quintuplet pregnancy that was reduced at 9 weeks’ gestation to a twin pregnancy by selective embryocide and compared with quadruplet, triplet, and twin pregnancies. The human chorionic gonadotropin titer declined fourfold, but there were no clinically significant changes in the progesterone or estradiol levels. We conclude that, despite the drop in human chorionic gonadotropin, the placenta had attained adequate secretory maturation to prevent any significant decline in progesterone and estradiol levels, which demonstrates the efficacy of the procedure at this gestational age. An increase in in vitro fertllhtion ability of low-density human sperm capacitated by multiple-tube swim-up Tanphaichitr N; Randall M; Fitzgerald L; et al Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dana Biomedical Research Institute, Beth Israel Hospital. Boston, MA, USA FERTIL. STERIL.; 48/5 (821-827)/1987/ Comparison was made of the efficacy of multiple-tube swim-up (MT-SU) and single-tube swim-up (ST-SU) preparations on inducing human sperm fertilization ability in semen samples of < 60 million motile sperm/ml. Two parallel groups of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients possessing sperm density of this category had their sperm capacitated by MT-SU or ST-SU. The MT-SU patients’ sperm fertilized 71 f 6.0% of eggs retrieved in comparison to 39 f 7.9% in the parallel STSU patients (P < 0.001). Similarly, MT-SU increased the rate of human sperm penetration into zona-free hamster eggs. The increased fertilization rate of MT-SU sperm was not from acceleration of the acrosome reaction, but may be attributed to the higher efficiency of MT-SU in removing antifertility factors present in the seminal plasma from sperm. Tbe relationship of infection with Cblamydia trachomatis to the parameters of male fertiilty and sperm autoimmunity Close CE; Wang SP; Roberts PL; Berger RE Department of Urology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA FERTIL. STERIL.; 48/5 (880-883)/1987/ The relationship of past exposure to C. trachomatis to the parameters of male fertility was examined in men from infertile couples whose wives had no known female fertility factors. In this population, the frequency of C. trachomatis antibody was low. Past infection with C. trachomatis was associated with a history of nonspecific urethritis, and with the presence of sperm agglutinating antibodies in serum. We found no difference in the seminal fluid analyses, physical examinations, or sperm penetration assays of the men with or without chlamydial antibody. Effect of prostaglandins on human sperm function in vitro and seminal adenoslne triphosphate content Gottlieb C; Svanborg K; Eneroth P; Bygdeman M Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Hospital, S-194 01 Stockholm, Sweden