Current state of the Spanish springs

6A 921038 Current state of the Spanish springs Ridruejo, C S: Perez. E S: Moreno, A M Proc 6th International Congress International Association o f Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, 6-10 August 1990 V2, P1395-1402. Publ Rotterdam. A A Balkema, 1990 Springs are an important source of water in many arid areas of Spain. They lead to some unique ecosystems, the springs draining karstic areas being the most interesting. The water table has been lowered in recent years by pumping, in some cases with overexploitation leading to drying up of the springs. Management of water supply to maintain water balance is discussed. 921039 Study on the behaviour of some chemical parameters in deep groundwater of the fractured crystalline rocks in Kandy district - Sri Lanka Jayawardena, U S; Kotuwegedara, J Proc 6th International Congress International Association o f Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, 6-10 August 1990 V2, PI439-1444. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema. 1990 Hydrogeological studies were conducted in rural areas of Sri Lanka in order to provide communities with high quality groundwater. The investigations included pumping tests to collect information regarding characteristics of the aquifers. Chemical analysis and bacteriological tests were also conducted. By comparing the results to the WHO requirements for drinking water, 20 production wells were found to be good, although long term pumping let to iron, fluoride, hardness, and acidification outside specification. Long term pumping of water through fractured crystalline rocks may lead to health problems. 921040 Anthropogenic materials in the town Bratislava and adjacent area Kovacikova, M Proc 6th International Congress International Association o f Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, 6-10 August 1990 V2, P1451-1456. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. I990 Investigation were conducted in order to define and classify anthropogcnic deposits, the variety of inhomogeneous materials produced as a result of human activities. Mapping of these deposits to indicate soil and rock characteristics was conducted in the town of Bratislava. These maps were then used for determination of the probable sources of groundwater contamination. Remedial and preventative measures are considered. 921041 Taking into account the physico-chemical characteristics of the waters of a suburban river into the assessment of the pollution of the environment (Bordeaux area, France) (In French) Savane, I Proc 6th International Congress lnternat•nal Association o f Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, 6-10 August 1990 V2, P1467-1474. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Thorough knowledge of geological and hydrological conditions is vital when checking pollution hazards of underground waters from surface waters. The basin of the small river EauBorde covers a high density urban region where there are many shallow groundwater sources and pollution from both industrial and domestic causes. Physicochemical analysis of surface and ground water has been carried out. Pollution of both has been evaluated, and correlation between ground and surface water considered.

921042 Process of contaminant transport in fractured media and their mathematical description in remedial action of contaminated groundwater Xiang, W; Hotzl, H; Nahold, M Proc 6th International Congress International Association o f Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, 6-10 August 1990 V2, P1501-1506. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1990 Remedial treatment for groundwater polluted by hydrocarbons is discussed. The process of pumping, cleaning, and reinjection is described. A statistical model derived from field data is used to predict the contaminant concentration. It is possible to estimate the time and volume to be pumped for sufficient contaminant removal. The concentration-time curve is log-normal in shape. Case details are presented. 921043 Hydrogeology of the chalk in the UK: the evolution of our understanding Downing, R A; Headworth, H G Proc International Chalk Symposium, Brighton, 4-7 September 1989 P555-570. Publ London: Thomas Telford, 1990 Chalk has been extensively developed as a water source in the UK. Since 1945, knowledge of the chalk and legislation to control its exploitation have increased. The chalk is now seen to be micritic limestone with a very porous, low permeability matrix intersected by micro and macro fissures, in which flow principally occurs, although larger pores in the matrix also contribute. Chemical quality of the water is controlled by water-rock interactions and biological processes, together with diffusion between fissures and matrix. The latter also plays important roles in retarding transport of pollutants. 921044 Importance of drift deposits in influencing chalk hydrogeology Lloyd, J W; Hiscock, K M Proc International Chalk Symposium, Brighton, 4-7 September 1989 P583-590. Publ London: Thomas TelJbrd. 1990 Large areas of chalk in the UK are overlain by glacial drift deposits, which have important influences on the hydrological and hydrochemical properties of the chalk aquifer. Controls on recharge and chemistry of groundwater as a result of its flow through superincumbent clays or granular layers are described. Effects of water flow on the hydraulic properties of the chalk over long periods may be locally significant. 921045 Chloride distribution pattern and fracturing in the white chalk of Lagerdorf/Holstein (NW Germany): Implications for groundwater circulation in the chalk-overburden of a saltdiapir Schonfeld, J; Grude, F Proc International Chalk Symposium, Brighton, 4-7 September 1989 P591-596. Publ London: Thomas Tel.ford, 1990 Geological studies were conducted in two chalk quarries in north-west Germany in order to analyse the distribution of chloride in the bulk chalk. Results show several regions with anomalously high chloride content, in areas close to normal faults which act as paths for ascending highly saline water. Low chloride content found in the vicinity of a major normal fault intersecting quaternary cover is attributed to this fault acting as a conduit for descending meteoric surface water.

1992 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted