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Cytokine profile in temporomandibular joint synovial fluid: Correlation with the degree of joint effusion
International Congress Series 1284 (2005) 225 – 226
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Cytokine profile in temporomandibular joint synovial fluid: Correlation with the degree of joint effusion Kunihito Matsumoto a,*, Mitsuhiro Ohshima b,d, Yoko Yamaguchi b,d, Kazuya Honda a,c, Kichibee Otsuka b,d a
Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan b Department Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan c Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan d Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan
Abstract. We firstly detected angiogenin, FGF-9 and MIP-1h whose expression levels were strongly correlated with the degree of joint effusion, which may reflect the status of TMJ inflammation. Angiogenin, FGF-9 and MIP-1h may be novel markers for the diagnosis of TMJ disorders. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cytokine; Synovial fluid; Joint effusion; Temporomandibular joint
Introduction It has been considered that joint effusion (JE), which was observed as high intensity area on T2-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI), reflects the status of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation [1]. It has been suggested that various kinds of cytokine are involved in the pathogenesis of TMJ disorders. So, we have hypothesized that there would be a relationship between the amount of JE and the expression level of various cytokines other than previous reports. Materials and methods Subjects and MRI. Twelve patients (male 2, female 10: mean age 39.9, age range 27– 69) with internal derangement of TMJs, verified as anterior disk displacements without * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 3 3219 8104; fax: +81 3 3219 8354. E-mail address: [email protected] (K. Matsumoto). 0531-5131/ D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ics.2005.06.058
226
K. Matsumoto et al. / International Congress Series 1284 (2005) 225–226
Table 1 The relationship between the grade of JE and the RELs (mean REL N 20%) Grade 0 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Correlation coefficient Ang FGF-9 IGFBP-3 IL-1a IL-1h IL-8 IP-10 LIF MIP-1h
3.46% 13.52% 17.08% 16.53% 15.52% 7.68% 17.02% 5.40% 4.21%
9.39% 13.13% 37.62% 25.64% 19.21% 23.61% 39.54% 24.58% 19.39%
65.35% 27.45% 64.36% 31.70% 17.88% 26.31% 56.81% 29.26% 27.75%
63.38% 29.79% 65.82% 35.37% 23.51% 36.82% 55.95% 24.44% 35.37%
0.750* 0.792* 0.614* 0.607* 0.607* 0.757* 0.589* 0.481 0.949*
Grade 0 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Correlation coefficient NT-3 OSM OPG PARC TGF-h2 TIMP-1 TIMP-2 TNF-h VEGF
0.65% 1.91% 10.22% 17.08% 21.37% 14.92% 23.24% 15.59% 24.03%
22.41% 18.84% 24.05% 8.71% 41.15% 44.39% 7.75% 44.66% 33.91%
27.32% 33.30% 46.61% 30.91% 54.96% 68.88% 24.59% 61.66% 68.22%
25.67% 26.12% 45.44% 58.55% 61.88% 74.27% 57.03% 64.93% 62.01%
0.453 0.481 0.624* 0.677* 0.656* 0.722* 0.470 0.691* 0.642
* P b 0.05.
reduction and no bony changes on MR findings, were included in this study. JE in superior articular space was divided into 4 grades by the classification developed by Segami et al. [1]. Sampling synovial fluids and determination of the cytokine expression profile. Sampling of synovial fluid was performed within 3 weeks of MRI examination and patients did not take anti-inflammatory medication for at least 2 weeks. Synovial fluids in superior articular space were collected as mixture with 2 ml of normal saline. The mixture was centrifuged and stored at 80 8C until analyzed. The profiles of cytokine expression were determined using the Human Cytokine Array V (Ray Biotech, Inc., USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. This kit is capable of detecting 79 cytokines in one membrane. The signal intensities were quantified using Scion Image. We evaluated the relationship between the relative expression levels (REL) of cytokines and the amount of JE by calculating the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results IGFBP-3, IL-1a, IL-8, IP-10, MIP1-h, OPG, TGF-h1, TIMP-1, TNF-h and VEGF were positively detected in most of synovial fluid samples (REL N 20%). There was significant correlation between the amount of JE and the RELs of Angiogenin (Ang), IL8, MIP-1h, and FGF-9, respectively (Table 1). Discussion We have firstly detected three cytokines, angiogenin, FGF-9 and MIP-1h, in TMJ synovial fluid whose expression levels were strongly correlated with JE classification. Further study is required to examine whether Ang, FGF-9 and MIP-1h may be novel markers for the diagnosis of TMJ disorders. Acknowledgements This study was supported in part by a Grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology to promote multi-disciplinary projects and The Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private School of Japan. Reference [1] N. Segami, et al., Oral. Surg. Oral. Med. Oral. Pathol. Oral. Radiol. Endod. 94 (2002) 512 – 521.
www.ics-elsevier.com
Cytokine profile in temporomandibular joint synovial fluid: Correlation with the degree of joint effusion Kunihito Matsumoto a,*, Mitsuhiro Ohshima b,d, Yoko Yamaguchi b,d, Kazuya Honda a,c, Kichibee Otsuka b,d a
Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan b Department Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan c Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan d Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan
Abstract. We firstly detected angiogenin, FGF-9 and MIP-1h whose expression levels were strongly correlated with the degree of joint effusion, which may reflect the status of TMJ inflammation. Angiogenin, FGF-9 and MIP-1h may be novel markers for the diagnosis of TMJ disorders. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cytokine; Synovial fluid; Joint effusion; Temporomandibular joint
Introduction It has been considered that joint effusion (JE), which was observed as high intensity area on T2-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI), reflects the status of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation [1]. It has been suggested that various kinds of cytokine are involved in the pathogenesis of TMJ disorders. So, we have hypothesized that there would be a relationship between the amount of JE and the expression level of various cytokines other than previous reports. Materials and methods Subjects and MRI. Twelve patients (male 2, female 10: mean age 39.9, age range 27– 69) with internal derangement of TMJs, verified as anterior disk displacements without * Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 3 3219 8104; fax: +81 3 3219 8354. E-mail address: [email protected] (K. Matsumoto). 0531-5131/ D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ics.2005.06.058
226
K. Matsumoto et al. / International Congress Series 1284 (2005) 225–226
Table 1 The relationship between the grade of JE and the RELs (mean REL N 20%) Grade 0 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Correlation coefficient Ang FGF-9 IGFBP-3 IL-1a IL-1h IL-8 IP-10 LIF MIP-1h
3.46% 13.52% 17.08% 16.53% 15.52% 7.68% 17.02% 5.40% 4.21%
9.39% 13.13% 37.62% 25.64% 19.21% 23.61% 39.54% 24.58% 19.39%
65.35% 27.45% 64.36% 31.70% 17.88% 26.31% 56.81% 29.26% 27.75%
63.38% 29.79% 65.82% 35.37% 23.51% 36.82% 55.95% 24.44% 35.37%
0.750* 0.792* 0.614* 0.607* 0.607* 0.757* 0.589* 0.481 0.949*
Grade 0 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Correlation coefficient NT-3 OSM OPG PARC TGF-h2 TIMP-1 TIMP-2 TNF-h VEGF
0.65% 1.91% 10.22% 17.08% 21.37% 14.92% 23.24% 15.59% 24.03%
22.41% 18.84% 24.05% 8.71% 41.15% 44.39% 7.75% 44.66% 33.91%
27.32% 33.30% 46.61% 30.91% 54.96% 68.88% 24.59% 61.66% 68.22%
25.67% 26.12% 45.44% 58.55% 61.88% 74.27% 57.03% 64.93% 62.01%
0.453 0.481 0.624* 0.677* 0.656* 0.722* 0.470 0.691* 0.642
* P b 0.05.
reduction and no bony changes on MR findings, were included in this study. JE in superior articular space was divided into 4 grades by the classification developed by Segami et al. [1]. Sampling synovial fluids and determination of the cytokine expression profile. Sampling of synovial fluid was performed within 3 weeks of MRI examination and patients did not take anti-inflammatory medication for at least 2 weeks. Synovial fluids in superior articular space were collected as mixture with 2 ml of normal saline. The mixture was centrifuged and stored at 80 8C until analyzed. The profiles of cytokine expression were determined using the Human Cytokine Array V (Ray Biotech, Inc., USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. This kit is capable of detecting 79 cytokines in one membrane. The signal intensities were quantified using Scion Image. We evaluated the relationship between the relative expression levels (REL) of cytokines and the amount of JE by calculating the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results IGFBP-3, IL-1a, IL-8, IP-10, MIP1-h, OPG, TGF-h1, TIMP-1, TNF-h and VEGF were positively detected in most of synovial fluid samples (REL N 20%). There was significant correlation between the amount of JE and the RELs of Angiogenin (Ang), IL8, MIP-1h, and FGF-9, respectively (Table 1). Discussion We have firstly detected three cytokines, angiogenin, FGF-9 and MIP-1h, in TMJ synovial fluid whose expression levels were strongly correlated with JE classification. Further study is required to examine whether Ang, FGF-9 and MIP-1h may be novel markers for the diagnosis of TMJ disorders. Acknowledgements This study was supported in part by a Grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology to promote multi-disciplinary projects and The Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private School of Japan. Reference [1] N. Segami, et al., Oral. Surg. Oral. Med. Oral. Pathol. Oral. Radiol. Endod. 94 (2002) 512 – 521.