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Daily pedometer steps among older men: Associations with health-related quality of life and psychosocial health
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Thursday 1 November Posters / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (2012) S127–S187
433 Knowledge of eating disorders among high school students in Poland ˜ M. Wojciechowska ∗ , M. Szpringer, E. Baranska Jan Kochanowski University Introduction: Eating disorders is a group of problems of a complex course. In addition to the typical ones (anorexia, bulimia), inappropriate diet contributes to malnutrition or obesity. Continuous growth of pathological phenomena related to nutrition among youth makes eating disorders a major problem in the social and health area. The objective of the research was to assess the state of knowledge of nutrition disorders issues among junior and high school students according to demographic factors. Methods: The study involved 210 students (57.1% girls, 42.9%, boys aged 13–18) of junior and high school. A 34-question questionnaire was used regarding: demographic data, general information about the surveyed (weight, height) and testing questions about eating disorders viewing students’ knowledge. To calculate the correct body weight the Body Mass Index was used. Collected material was subjected to statistical analysis using StatsDirect. To compare two independent groups non-parametric test was used accepting significant differences at p < 0.05, while the relationship was examined using Pearson correlations. Results: The average BMI, expressed as the arithmetic mean, was 20.35. The BMI of women was significantly lower than men’s BMI. Data on weight and height showed that 73% is of normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9). While inappropriate BMI can be observed in 27%, most of which are people with malnutrition. Subjects’ BMI was significantly and positively correlated with parents’ education, showing no statistically significant correlation with the interviewees’ knowledge, which indicates the lack of correlation between theoretical knowledge and its application in everyday life. Average level of knowledge about eating disorders is observed. Youth understand obesity and malnutrition as diseases associated with the development of civilization, or pathological diseases; 73% of respondents as the cause of obesity shows an excess of food and low physical activity, and 48% as a cause of malnutrition suggests the economic situation. Statistical analysis showed that gender and residence do not correlate positively with the final test result. While subjects’ age, parents’ education were positively correlated with number of correct responses. Discussion: Determining the possibilities for better education on prevention of eating disorders among children and adolescents becomes a problem. It is necessary to improve teenagers’ knowledge about proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle and to promote health values. Using diverse sources of knowledge is suggested, including the mass media to promote physical activity, sport and active leisure to prevent spreading obesity and malnutrition. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.436 434 High risk for obesity in children with a subtype of developmental coordination disorder S. Wu 1,∗ , W. Chen 2 , Y. Zhu 3 1
National Taiwan University of Physical Education and Sport Sydney University 3 China Medical University 2
Introduction: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by poor motor skills
leading to a significant impairment in activities of daily living. Children with DCD were less fit and more likely to be obese compared to typically developing (TD) children. Previous studies have reported that obesity may be associated with poor motor coordination ability and particularly in relation to balance ability. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children with DCD and balance problems (DCD-BP), children with DCD and no balance problems (DCD-no BP), and TD children. Methods: 2057 children (1095 boys, 962 girls) aged 9 to 12 years were recruited randomly from elementary schools in Taiwan. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children test (MABC test) was used to evaluate the motor coordination ability. According to international cut-off points for body mass index (BMI) from Cole et al. (2000), all participants were classified as being normal-weight, overweight or obese. A Pearson Chi-Square analysis was used to compare the prevalence of overweight and obese children within the DCD-BP, DCD-no BP and TD groups. Results: In this study, 178, 329 and 1087 children met criteria for the DCD-BP, DCD-no BP and TD groups, respectively. Even though the prevalence of overweight was higher in the DCD-BP and DCDno BP groups than those in the TD group, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Compared with TD children, DCD-BP children increased the odds for obesity two fold (odds ratio [OR] = 2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41–3.68; p<.01). DCD-BP children were more likely to be obese (19.71%) compared to DCD-no BP children (12.05%) (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.02–3.16; p<.05). Discussion: A subtype of DCD-BP children had a significant increased risk for obesity compared to the TD and DCD-no BP children. This issue of children’s obesity and motor coordination problem should be concerned and proper intervention and fitness programs should be emphasized. In the future, more longitudinal studies to monitor relationships between obesity and motor coordination ability in different ages of children and adolescents are urgently needed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.437 435 Daily pedometer steps among older men: Associations with health-related quality of life and psychosocial health J. Vallance 1,∗ , D. Eurich 2 , C. Lavallee 1 , S. Johnson 1 1 2
Athabasca University University of Alberta
Introduction: Physical activity is associated with HRQoL and psychosocial health among older adults. Less is known specifically about walking, and objective indices of walking behavior among older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of daily pedometer steps (steps per day) with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychosocial health among older men. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design. Older aged men (55 years of age and older) from Alberta, Canada completed a mailed survey that assessed HRQoL (RAND-12), depression, anxiety, and satisfaction with life. Steps per day were assessed with a SC-01 StepsCount pedometer via a 3-day step monitoring protocol. Average pedometer steps per day were categorized into quartiles. The primary model assessed the association between average pedometer steps per day as the independent variable of interest and our dependent variables of interest (physical, mental, and global health component scores of the RAND12, depression, anxiety, and satisfaction with life). Results: Participants (N = 385) averaged 8,539 steps per day (SD = 4,244). Quartile (Q) cut-points for average pedometer steps
Thursday 1 November Posters / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (2012) S127–S187
per day were <5,570 (Q1), 5,570 to <8,116 (Q2), 8,116 to <11,392 (Q3), and > = 11,392 steps (Q4). For HRQoL, all three adjusted models (i.e. physical, mental, and global health) indicated a significant linear trend between HRQoL indices across pedometer step quartiles (Q). For the physical health index, significant differences emerged between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 2.8, p = 0.012) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 3.3, p < 0.01). For the mental health index, significant differences emerged between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 3.5, p = 0.011) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 3.7, p < 0.01). For the global health index, significant differences also emerged between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 3.4, p < 0.01) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 3.8, p < 0.01). For depression, significant differences were observed between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 3.3, p = 0.006) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 2.7, p = 0.025). Discussion: Steps per day was significantly associated with HRQoL and depression symptoms. Older men in the higher quartiles of pedometer steps per day reported less depressive symptoms compared to those in the lowest steps per day quartile. Our data suggest that lower step counts (<10,000 steps per day) among older groups are a meaningful target as it relates to HRQoL and psychosocial health. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.438 436 Prevalence of hypertension and physical activity among Brazilian adults and elderly: A national analysis D. Silveira ∗ , F. Siqueira, L. Facchini, L. Galliano, R. Piccini, E. Thumé, E. Tomasi, S. Silva, A. Dilelio Universidade Federal de Pelotas The demographic, nutritional and epidemiological transitions happened very rapidly in Brazil. As a consequence, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for most deaths in the country. Hypertension is responsible for cardiovascular, brain, coronary, renal and peripheral vascular conditions. Hypertension is highly prevalent and tends to increase at older ages. Studies indicate that physically inactive adults have a 30% increased risk of developing hypertension as compared with their active peers. Obesity is also an important risk factor for hypertension. These findings indicate the need for preventive programs to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases, through the incorporation of behavioral changes such as healthy eating and regular physical activity. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 12,324 adults and 6,580 elderly individuals aged 60 years or more in the urban area of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states (AQUARESUFPPEL). These subjects answered questions about the reported diagnosis of hypertension and participation in physical activity during leisure time (IPAQ). The prevalence of reported diagnosis of hypertension was 16.3% (95% CI 15.6 to 16.9) among adults and 51.8% (95% CI 50.6 to 53.0) among the elderly. Among adults, the prevalence of hypertension was 14.4% in males and 17.8% in women (p < 0.001). Inactive adults were more likely to present hypertension as compared to their active peers (p = 0.01). Regarding the elderly, the prevalence of hypertension was 44.6% in men and 56.9%in women (p < 0.001). Inactive elderly subjects were more likely to present hypertension than their active peers(p = 0.002). The results show that the prevalence of physical inactivity among adults and elderly hypertensive patients is high and that policies to promote physical activity are urgently needed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.439
S181
437 Prevalence of diabetes and physical activity among Brazilian adults and the elderly: A countrywide analysis F. Siqueira ∗ , T. Seus, D. Silveira, L. Facchini, R. Piccini, E. Thumé, E. Tomasi, S. Silva, A. Dilelio Universidade Federal de Pelotas In many countries the prevalence of diabetes has risen reaching epidemic proportions, and demand high economic and social cost. According to the World Health Organization there are currently 347 million diabetics worldwide. In developing countries, diabetes prevalence is rising in all age groups, therefore negatively affecting the quality of life of these people. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 5,333 adults aged 40–59 years old and 6,582 adults aged 60 years or more. The study took place in the urban area of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states. Individuals answered questions about diagnosis of diabetes and leisure-time physical activity. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 6.3% (95% CI 5.7 to 7.0) among adults and 16.9% (95% CI 15.9 to 17.8) among the elderly. Among adults, the prevalence of diabetes was 5.6% in males and 6.9% in women (p = 0.06). In both adults and the elderly, physical inactivity (<150 min/wk) was cross-sectionally unrelated to self-reported diabetes, probably due to reverse causality. Prospective studies in low and middle income countries are warranted in order to evaluate the association between physical activity and diabetes in such settings. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.440 438 Trends in weight status, sufficient physical activity and inactivity among South Australian adults, 1998–2010 M. Smith 1 , N. Berry 2,∗ , N. Lewis 3 , J. Dollman 3 1
Population Health Portfolio, Country Health SA Local Health Network Health Promotion Branch, Department for Health and Ageing 3 Sansom Instiute for Health Research, University of South Australia 2
Background and aim: Overweight and obesity have been identified as barriers to physical activity participation. The current guidelines for physical activity indicate that adults should participate in at least 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity per day for health. This study examined trends in self-reported weight status and physical activity behaviours among South Australian adults between 1998 and 2010. Methods: The South Australian Physical Activity Survey has been conducted every three years since 1998. The questionnaire is administered by CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview). Telephone numbers are randomly selected from the Adelaide metropolitan and country Electronic White Pages listings. Within households, the person ≥18 years with the most recent birthday was selected for interview, in 1998 (n = 3059), 2001 (n = 3000), 2004 (n = 2999), 2007 (n = 3095) and 2010 (n = 3078). BMI was defined according to the World Health Organisation definition. Sufficient activity was self-reported levels of physical activity measured using 6 questions from the Active Australia Survey. Results: From 1998-2010, sufficient physical activity increased by 7.4% among adults in the healthy weight range (from 40.4% to 47.8%) and inactivity decreased by 2.8%. Among overweight adults sufficient physical activity has increased by 5.3% (from 41.1% in 1998 to 46.4% in 2010) and inactivity has decreased by 2.6%. Sufficient physical activity among obese adults has remained relatively constant (36.4% in 1998 and 36.9% in 2010). In 1998 there was
Thursday 1 November Posters / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (2012) S127–S187
433 Knowledge of eating disorders among high school students in Poland ˜ M. Wojciechowska ∗ , M. Szpringer, E. Baranska Jan Kochanowski University Introduction: Eating disorders is a group of problems of a complex course. In addition to the typical ones (anorexia, bulimia), inappropriate diet contributes to malnutrition or obesity. Continuous growth of pathological phenomena related to nutrition among youth makes eating disorders a major problem in the social and health area. The objective of the research was to assess the state of knowledge of nutrition disorders issues among junior and high school students according to demographic factors. Methods: The study involved 210 students (57.1% girls, 42.9%, boys aged 13–18) of junior and high school. A 34-question questionnaire was used regarding: demographic data, general information about the surveyed (weight, height) and testing questions about eating disorders viewing students’ knowledge. To calculate the correct body weight the Body Mass Index was used. Collected material was subjected to statistical analysis using StatsDirect. To compare two independent groups non-parametric test was used accepting significant differences at p < 0.05, while the relationship was examined using Pearson correlations. Results: The average BMI, expressed as the arithmetic mean, was 20.35. The BMI of women was significantly lower than men’s BMI. Data on weight and height showed that 73% is of normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9). While inappropriate BMI can be observed in 27%, most of which are people with malnutrition. Subjects’ BMI was significantly and positively correlated with parents’ education, showing no statistically significant correlation with the interviewees’ knowledge, which indicates the lack of correlation between theoretical knowledge and its application in everyday life. Average level of knowledge about eating disorders is observed. Youth understand obesity and malnutrition as diseases associated with the development of civilization, or pathological diseases; 73% of respondents as the cause of obesity shows an excess of food and low physical activity, and 48% as a cause of malnutrition suggests the economic situation. Statistical analysis showed that gender and residence do not correlate positively with the final test result. While subjects’ age, parents’ education were positively correlated with number of correct responses. Discussion: Determining the possibilities for better education on prevention of eating disorders among children and adolescents becomes a problem. It is necessary to improve teenagers’ knowledge about proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle and to promote health values. Using diverse sources of knowledge is suggested, including the mass media to promote physical activity, sport and active leisure to prevent spreading obesity and malnutrition. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.436 434 High risk for obesity in children with a subtype of developmental coordination disorder S. Wu 1,∗ , W. Chen 2 , Y. Zhu 3 1
National Taiwan University of Physical Education and Sport Sydney University 3 China Medical University 2
Introduction: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by poor motor skills
leading to a significant impairment in activities of daily living. Children with DCD were less fit and more likely to be obese compared to typically developing (TD) children. Previous studies have reported that obesity may be associated with poor motor coordination ability and particularly in relation to balance ability. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children with DCD and balance problems (DCD-BP), children with DCD and no balance problems (DCD-no BP), and TD children. Methods: 2057 children (1095 boys, 962 girls) aged 9 to 12 years were recruited randomly from elementary schools in Taiwan. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children test (MABC test) was used to evaluate the motor coordination ability. According to international cut-off points for body mass index (BMI) from Cole et al. (2000), all participants were classified as being normal-weight, overweight or obese. A Pearson Chi-Square analysis was used to compare the prevalence of overweight and obese children within the DCD-BP, DCD-no BP and TD groups. Results: In this study, 178, 329 and 1087 children met criteria for the DCD-BP, DCD-no BP and TD groups, respectively. Even though the prevalence of overweight was higher in the DCD-BP and DCDno BP groups than those in the TD group, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Compared with TD children, DCD-BP children increased the odds for obesity two fold (odds ratio [OR] = 2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41–3.68; p<.01). DCD-BP children were more likely to be obese (19.71%) compared to DCD-no BP children (12.05%) (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.02–3.16; p<.05). Discussion: A subtype of DCD-BP children had a significant increased risk for obesity compared to the TD and DCD-no BP children. This issue of children’s obesity and motor coordination problem should be concerned and proper intervention and fitness programs should be emphasized. In the future, more longitudinal studies to monitor relationships between obesity and motor coordination ability in different ages of children and adolescents are urgently needed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.437 435 Daily pedometer steps among older men: Associations with health-related quality of life and psychosocial health J. Vallance 1,∗ , D. Eurich 2 , C. Lavallee 1 , S. Johnson 1 1 2
Athabasca University University of Alberta
Introduction: Physical activity is associated with HRQoL and psychosocial health among older adults. Less is known specifically about walking, and objective indices of walking behavior among older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of daily pedometer steps (steps per day) with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychosocial health among older men. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design. Older aged men (55 years of age and older) from Alberta, Canada completed a mailed survey that assessed HRQoL (RAND-12), depression, anxiety, and satisfaction with life. Steps per day were assessed with a SC-01 StepsCount pedometer via a 3-day step monitoring protocol. Average pedometer steps per day were categorized into quartiles. The primary model assessed the association between average pedometer steps per day as the independent variable of interest and our dependent variables of interest (physical, mental, and global health component scores of the RAND12, depression, anxiety, and satisfaction with life). Results: Participants (N = 385) averaged 8,539 steps per day (SD = 4,244). Quartile (Q) cut-points for average pedometer steps
Thursday 1 November Posters / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (2012) S127–S187
per day were <5,570 (Q1), 5,570 to <8,116 (Q2), 8,116 to <11,392 (Q3), and > = 11,392 steps (Q4). For HRQoL, all three adjusted models (i.e. physical, mental, and global health) indicated a significant linear trend between HRQoL indices across pedometer step quartiles (Q). For the physical health index, significant differences emerged between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 2.8, p = 0.012) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 3.3, p < 0.01). For the mental health index, significant differences emerged between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 3.5, p = 0.011) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 3.7, p < 0.01). For the global health index, significant differences also emerged between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 3.4, p < 0.01) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 3.8, p < 0.01). For depression, significant differences were observed between Q1 and Q3 (Mdiff = 3.3, p = 0.006) and Q1 and Q4 (Mdiff = 2.7, p = 0.025). Discussion: Steps per day was significantly associated with HRQoL and depression symptoms. Older men in the higher quartiles of pedometer steps per day reported less depressive symptoms compared to those in the lowest steps per day quartile. Our data suggest that lower step counts (<10,000 steps per day) among older groups are a meaningful target as it relates to HRQoL and psychosocial health. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.438 436 Prevalence of hypertension and physical activity among Brazilian adults and elderly: A national analysis D. Silveira ∗ , F. Siqueira, L. Facchini, L. Galliano, R. Piccini, E. Thumé, E. Tomasi, S. Silva, A. Dilelio Universidade Federal de Pelotas The demographic, nutritional and epidemiological transitions happened very rapidly in Brazil. As a consequence, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for most deaths in the country. Hypertension is responsible for cardiovascular, brain, coronary, renal and peripheral vascular conditions. Hypertension is highly prevalent and tends to increase at older ages. Studies indicate that physically inactive adults have a 30% increased risk of developing hypertension as compared with their active peers. Obesity is also an important risk factor for hypertension. These findings indicate the need for preventive programs to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases, through the incorporation of behavioral changes such as healthy eating and regular physical activity. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 12,324 adults and 6,580 elderly individuals aged 60 years or more in the urban area of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states (AQUARESUFPPEL). These subjects answered questions about the reported diagnosis of hypertension and participation in physical activity during leisure time (IPAQ). The prevalence of reported diagnosis of hypertension was 16.3% (95% CI 15.6 to 16.9) among adults and 51.8% (95% CI 50.6 to 53.0) among the elderly. Among adults, the prevalence of hypertension was 14.4% in males and 17.8% in women (p < 0.001). Inactive adults were more likely to present hypertension as compared to their active peers (p = 0.01). Regarding the elderly, the prevalence of hypertension was 44.6% in men and 56.9%in women (p < 0.001). Inactive elderly subjects were more likely to present hypertension than their active peers(p = 0.002). The results show that the prevalence of physical inactivity among adults and elderly hypertensive patients is high and that policies to promote physical activity are urgently needed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.439
S181
437 Prevalence of diabetes and physical activity among Brazilian adults and the elderly: A countrywide analysis F. Siqueira ∗ , T. Seus, D. Silveira, L. Facchini, R. Piccini, E. Thumé, E. Tomasi, S. Silva, A. Dilelio Universidade Federal de Pelotas In many countries the prevalence of diabetes has risen reaching epidemic proportions, and demand high economic and social cost. According to the World Health Organization there are currently 347 million diabetics worldwide. In developing countries, diabetes prevalence is rising in all age groups, therefore negatively affecting the quality of life of these people. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 5,333 adults aged 40–59 years old and 6,582 adults aged 60 years or more. The study took place in the urban area of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states. Individuals answered questions about diagnosis of diabetes and leisure-time physical activity. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 6.3% (95% CI 5.7 to 7.0) among adults and 16.9% (95% CI 15.9 to 17.8) among the elderly. Among adults, the prevalence of diabetes was 5.6% in males and 6.9% in women (p = 0.06). In both adults and the elderly, physical inactivity (<150 min/wk) was cross-sectionally unrelated to self-reported diabetes, probably due to reverse causality. Prospective studies in low and middle income countries are warranted in order to evaluate the association between physical activity and diabetes in such settings. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.440 438 Trends in weight status, sufficient physical activity and inactivity among South Australian adults, 1998–2010 M. Smith 1 , N. Berry 2,∗ , N. Lewis 3 , J. Dollman 3 1
Population Health Portfolio, Country Health SA Local Health Network Health Promotion Branch, Department for Health and Ageing 3 Sansom Instiute for Health Research, University of South Australia 2
Background and aim: Overweight and obesity have been identified as barriers to physical activity participation. The current guidelines for physical activity indicate that adults should participate in at least 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity per day for health. This study examined trends in self-reported weight status and physical activity behaviours among South Australian adults between 1998 and 2010. Methods: The South Australian Physical Activity Survey has been conducted every three years since 1998. The questionnaire is administered by CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview). Telephone numbers are randomly selected from the Adelaide metropolitan and country Electronic White Pages listings. Within households, the person ≥18 years with the most recent birthday was selected for interview, in 1998 (n = 3059), 2001 (n = 3000), 2004 (n = 2999), 2007 (n = 3095) and 2010 (n = 3078). BMI was defined according to the World Health Organisation definition. Sufficient activity was self-reported levels of physical activity measured using 6 questions from the Active Australia Survey. Results: From 1998-2010, sufficient physical activity increased by 7.4% among adults in the healthy weight range (from 40.4% to 47.8%) and inactivity decreased by 2.8%. Among overweight adults sufficient physical activity has increased by 5.3% (from 41.1% in 1998 to 46.4% in 2010) and inactivity has decreased by 2.6%. Sufficient physical activity among obese adults has remained relatively constant (36.4% in 1998 and 36.9% in 2010). In 1998 there was