- Email: [email protected]
December 2012 New in Review
FROM THE ACADEMY New in Review
PERIODICALS
BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY Restaurant menus: Calories, caloric density, and serving size. Scourboutakos MJ, Abbe MR. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):249-255. Abstract. The general public continues to increase the number of meals they consume outside of the home. The purpose of this research was to collect and assess the corporate-provided nutrition data on selected Canadian restaurant menus and examine for trends in calories, caloric density, and portion size by type of establishment and other potential caloric labeling variables. Investigators began with a systematic review of all Canadian restaurants (sit-down or fast-food) with 20 or more outlets in Canada that also provided nutrition information online. Each website was accessed and a database of more than 9,000 menu items from 85 establishments was created for 13 food label nutrients by reported serving size. Serving size was then standardized into 100-total-calorie units. Items were then divided into 28 subcategories; categories with less than 20 items were eliminated from further analysis. Condiments, combination entrÊes, and beverages were also excluded. Food item differences within each category were calculated using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Further comparisons were made using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and general scatter plots. Calorie ranges per item as served varied from 61 to 2,486 kcal. Sitdown restaurants tended to have higher calorie density per marketed serving, but a very wide range of calories was found in both sit-down and fast-food menus. Serving size varied considerably between establishments and food items. Greater caloric density often resulted in larger portion size in general. The wide variation of information presented including serving size makes challenging choices for the consumer. Funding was provided by the Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR) Strategic Training Program in Public Health Policy and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. © 2012 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Endospores of thermophilic bacteria in ingredient milk powders and their significance to the manufacture of sterilized milk products: An industrial perspective. Hill BM, Smythe BW. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012;28(3):299-312. Bringing science to the art of strategy. Lafley AG, Martin RL, Rivkin JW, Siggelkow N. Harv Bus Rev. 2012;90(9):56-66. Your strategy needs a strategy. Reeves M, Love C. Harv Bus Rev. 2012;90(9):76-83. Contributions of processed foods to dietary intake in the US from 20032008: A report of the Food and Nutrition Science Solutions Task Force of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Society of Nutrition, Institute of Food Technologists, and International Food Information Council. Eicher-Miller HA, Fulgoni VL, Keast DR. J Nutr. 2011. DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.164442. The influence of cartoon character advertising on fruit and vegetable preferences of 9-to-11-year-old children. Bezberauh N, Brunt A. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012; 44(5):438-441.
CLINICAL NUTRITION Emphasizing statin safety in the hospitalized patient: A review. Leung A, Schaefer EW, Tempelhof MW, Stone NJ. et al. (Review). Am J Med. 2012;125(9):845853.
Single measurement of serum 25(OH)D: Is classification into month-specific cutpoints useful in accounting for seasonal variation? Saliba W, Barnett-Griness O, Rennert G. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):1069-1071. Impact of vitamin D supplementation on markers of inflammation in adults with cystic fibrosis hospitalized for a pulmonary exacerbation. Grossmann RE, Zughaier SM, Liu, Lyles RH, Tangpricha V. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):10721074. State-of-the-art incorporation of oats into a gluten-free diet. Pawlowska P, Diowksz A, Kordialik-Bogacka E. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012;28(3):330-342. Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rizos ED, Ntzani EE, Bika E, Kostapanos MD, Elisaf MS. (Review, Meta-analysis). JAMA. 2012; 308(10):1024-1033. Abstract. The chronic ingestion of n-3 fatty acids through diet or supplementation has been linked to lower cardiovascular risk in many studies without clearly understanding the causal relationship. This systematic review and meta-analysis collected and analyzed published data from 1999 through August 2012 for randomized clinical trials reporting the use of n-3 fatty acids and the effect on cardiovascular outcomes (sudden death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality). Standardized random-ef-
IN THIS ISSUE PERIODICALS.................................................................................................page 2077 SITES IN REVIEW ...........................................................................................page 2083 New in Review Editor: Judith Beto, PhD, RD, FADA Sites in Review Editor: Eileen Vincent, MS, RD
Order Abstracted Articles at a Discount Did you know you can order the articles listed in New in Review through the Academy? You can for a nominal charge of $10. Simply e-mail a citation from New in Review (eg, Stensland SH, Sobal J. Dietary practices of ballet, jazz, and modern dancers. J Am Diet Assoc. 1992;92(3):319-324) to [email protected]. You will then be sent a link to pay for your article using a credit card. Articles are sent via e-mail and generally arrive within 3 business days.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2077
FROM THE ACADEMY fects modeling and calculation of the Q statistic was used to examine the 20 trials identified that met inclusion criteria from 3,653 citations obtained. A total of 68,630 participants (median age 68 years, mean treatment duration 2 years) were included in the statistical analysis. Overall trial quality using Cochrane collaboration criteria and relative risk statistics were employed to examine efficacy both from diet (two studies) and/or supplementation (18 studies). No significant effect for n-3 supplementation was found for any outcome variables. No funding source was identified; authors were employed by the University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Research in nutrigenomics and potential applications to practice. Ferguson LR, Barnett MP. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3): 198-202. Associations between flavonoids and cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality in European and US populations. Peterson JJ, Dwyer JT, Jacques PF, McCcullough ML. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):491-508.
ods. Trends showed 82.5% preferred graphs over text (17.5%); pictographs or bar graphs (32%) were more strongly preferred compared to text or pie charts (17% to 19%). There was a correlation between participant preference for receiving information and the animated type of media format as delivered. Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health and two training grants to investigators from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Leftovers and other food safety information for iPhone/iPad application (Smartphone technology). Abrecht JA, Larvick C, Litchfield RE, Weinshaar C. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):469-471. Advancing practice: Using nutrition information and technology to improve health: The nutrition informatics global challenge. Ayres EJ, Hoggle LB. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):195197.
To establish the parameters of optimal nutrition do we need to consider psychological in addition to physiological parameters? Benton D. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012; DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200477.
CULINARY Composition, nutrition, and utilization of okara (soybean residue). Li B, Qiao M, Lu R. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012; 28(3):231-252. Application of supercritical carbon dioxide to fruit and vegetables: Extraction, processing, and preservation. Rawson A, Tiwari BK, Brunton N, Brennan C, Cullen PJ, O’Donnell CP. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012;28(3):253-276.
COMMUNICATION/PUBLICATION
COMMUNITY NUTRITION
Sensory characteristics and relative sweetness of tagolose and other sweeteners. Fujimuru T, Park JH, Lim J. J Food Sci. 2012;77(9): S323-S328.
Using animated computer-generated text and graphics to depict the risks and benefits of medical treatment. Tait AR, Voepel-Lewis T, Brennan-Martinez C, McGonegal M, Levine R. Am J Med. 2012; http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.04.040. Abstract. Presenting complex informa-
Nutritional risk factors for tuberculosis among adults in the United States, 1971-1992. Cegielski JP, Arab L, Cornoni-Huntley J. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(5):409-422.
Grapefruit (Citrus paradise Macfad) phytochemicals composition is modulated by household processing techniques. Uckoo RM, Jayaprakasha GK, Balasubramaniam VM, Patil BS. J Food Sci. 2012;77(9):C921-C926.
tion in a visual media format compared to a print format may increase education comprehension. This randomized controlled study evaluated the response (perception, preference, health literacy) of a cohort of adults waiting for care in a single center (University of Michigan) cardiovascular waiting room after being presented identical content information on statin medication use in one of four formats (text/numbers, pie chart, bar graph, or pictograph) using an iPad media format. A total of 320 adults were contacted in sequential order until 200 (power calculation of 49 per group) gave consent and completed the activity. Data were then compared by groups using analysis of variance followed by post hoc multiple comparison adjustments and linear regression modeling. The demographics between the randomized groups did not statistically differ (mean age 52 to 55 years of age, sex distribution 38% to 62%, 22% to 33% current statin use, 80% to 92% white). Health literacy understanding did not statistically differ between delivery meth2078
Tackling food security issues in indigenous communities in Canada: The Manitoba experience. Fieldhouse P, Thompson S. Nutr Diet. 2012; 69(3):217-221.
CONSULTATION AND PRIVATE PRACTICE Financial reinforcers for improving medication adherence: Findings from a meta-analysis. Petry NM, Rash CJ, Byrne S, Ashraf S, White WB. (Meta-analysis). Am J Med. 2012;125(9):888896. Do we provide meaningful guidance for healthy eating? An investigation into consumers’ interpretation of frequency consumption terms. King L, Watson WL, Chapman K, et al. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):459-463.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
DIABETES CARE Childhood nutrition in predicting metabolic syndrome in adults. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Jaaskelainen P, Magnussen CG, Pahkala K, et al. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(9):1937-1943. Barley cultivar, kernel composition, and processing affect the glycemic index. Aldghpassi A, Abdel-Aal WS, Wolever TM. J Nutr. 2012;142(9):1666-1671. Comparison of the effects of different statins and doses on lipid levels in patients with diabetes: Results from the VOYAGER. Karlson BW, Barter PJ, Palmer MK, Lundman P, Nichols SJ. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2012; 22(9):697-703. December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
FROM THE ACADEMY Current evidence on the associations of breastfeeding, infant formula, and cow’s milk introduction with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Patelarou E, Girvalaki C, Brokalaki H, Patelarou A, Androulaki Z, Vardavas C. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):509-519.
EDUCATION Developing an online certification program for nutrition education assistants. Christofferson D, Christensen N, LeBlanc H, Bunch M. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):407-412. From weight management goals to action planning: Identification of a logical sequence from goals to actions and underlying determinants. Van Genugten L, van Empelen P, Oenema A. J Nutr Hum Diet. 2012;25(4):354-364. Trends in training for nutritionists and dietitians in the Caribbean. Thompson PY. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):226-230.
December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
GERONTOLOGY Nutrition and dietetics in aged care. Chwang LC. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):203-207. Effect of weight loss on the rate of muscle protein synthesis during fasted and fed conditions in obese older adults. Villareal DT, Smith GI, Shah K, Mittendorfer B. Obesity. 2012;20(9):1780-1786. Early nutrition programming of longterm health. Kotletzko B, Brands B, Potson L, Godfrey K, Demmelmair H. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3):371-378.
LONG-TERM CARE Advancing long term care: Central European perspective. Holmerova I, Koopmans R, Savid BS, et al. J Am Med Dir Assn. 2012;13(7):578-580. Identifying failure to thrive in the long term care setting. (Clinical experience). Anderson K, Barald C, Supiano M. J Am Med Dir Assn. 2012;13(7):665.e15-665.e18.
Improving opportunities for food service and dietetics practice in hospitals and residential aged care facilities. Walton K. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):222-225.
MANAGEMENT/ADMINISTRATION Sustainable diets for the future: Can we contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by eating a healthy diet? Macdiarmid JI, Kyle J, Horgan GW, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96(3):632-639. Abstract. The United Kingdom food systems are estimated to account for 18% to 20% of the annual greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) for the country, and reducing GHGE is in line with sustainability goals for the environment. This theoretical study compared several 1-week dietary intake plans by GHGE levels using 82 food groups with the goal to achieve a maximum reduction. A linear programming model was employed that used successive iterations to produce diet models for an adult woman 19 to 50 years of age. Parameters included using sensible portions, common foods, and realistic
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2079
FROM THE ACADEMY expectations of implementation. Decrease in intake of meat and dairy products was used as a philosophy without eliminating use within the 7-day diet plan. Generated plans were compared using 1990 GHGE levels created using lifecycle analysis. This complicated methodology included transportation to site of use, different farming methods, hydration required for cooking, cooking and storage times, and other factors. A table of the 82 most common food groups as reported by the HM Revenue and Customs UK Trade Statistics report was used as a basis for diet planning. Nutrient composition was obtained from the United Kingdom National Diet and Nutrition Survey databank for cooked weights as applicable. The most efficient diet plan of seven food items resulted in a 90% reduction but was considered unrealistic. A moderate diet plan using 52 foods reduced the GHGE by 36% and was considered most realistic. Funding was provided by the World Wildlife Fund-United Kingdom and the Scottish Government Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services.
Food choices of minority and low-income employees. A cafeteria intervention. Levy DE, Riis J, Sonnenberg LM, Barraclough SJ, Thorndike AN. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):240248. Greased palms, giant headaches. Currell D, Bradley TD. Harv Bus Rev. 2012;90(9): 21-23. Dietitians as leaders, past, present, and future. Capra S. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):179-182.
NUTRITION SUPPORT Randomised controlled trial of colostrum to improve intestinal function in patients with short bowel syndrome. Lund P, Sangild PT, Aunsholt L, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):1059-1065. Influence of parenteral nutrition delivery system on the development of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients: An international, multicenter, prospective, open-label, controlled study— EPICOS study. Pontes-Arruda A, dos Santos MC, Martins LF, et al for the EPICOS Study Group. JPEN Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(5):574-586. December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
Ethanol lock therapy in reducing catheter-related bloodstream infections in adult home parenteral nutrition patients: Results of a retrospective study. John BK, Khan MA Speerhas R, et al. JPEN Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(5):603-610. Neural and metabolic regulation of macronutrient intake and selection. Berthoud HR, Munzberg H, Richards BK, Morrison CD. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3):390-400. Control of food intake by metabolism of fuels: A comparison across species. Allen MS, Bradford BJ. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3): 401-409.
ONCOLOGY Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of pancreatic cancer in a pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies. Koushik A, Spiegelman D, Albanes D, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(5):373-386.
PEDIATRIC Reducing childhood obesity by eliminating 100% fruit juice. Wojcicki JM, Heyman MB. (Commentary). Am J Public Health. 2012;102(9):1630-1633. Abstract. The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 focused on improving the nutritional health of high-risk, low-income children less than 5 years of age, and will affect the US Department of Agriculture meal patterns for individuals enrolled in federal Child and Adult Food Care Programs (CAFCP). This commentary examined the impact of the current use of 100% fruit juices on the childhood obesity epidemic in the United States. The highest consumption of these juices are in the toddler and young children age groups. The authors suggest that substituting whole fruit for the juice option in the updates of the CAFCP food patterns might be a very effective way to reduce calories while increasing other nutrients. The authors suggest children of this age group should be exposed to drinking milk or water at mealtime to promote these practices in later life. A timeline of policy recommendations by a cohort of national organizations from 2001 to 2011 was provided. No funding support was identified; authors are members of the Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, and acknowledged salary support from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
A.S.P.E.N. clinical guidelines: Nutrition support of neonatal patients at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis. Fallon EM, Nehra D, Potemkin AK, Gura KM, Simpser E, Compher C, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A,S.P.E.N.) Board of Directors, Puder M. JPEN Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(5):506-523. Vitamin D: An overview of its role in skeletal muscle physiology in children and adolescents. Hazell TJ, Deguire JR, Weiler HA. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):520-533. Better newborn vitamin D status lowers RSV-associated bronchiolitis in infants. Maxwell CS, Carbone ET, Wood RJ. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):548-552. A nutritional comparison of foods and beverages marketed to children in two advertising policy environments. Kent MP, Dubois L, Wanless A. Obesity. 2012; 20(9):1829-1837.
POLICY & ADVOCACY Counting calories: Resident perspectives on calorie labeling in New York. Gordon C, Hayes R. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012; 44(5):454-458. Harmonisation of micronutrient-based dietary standards globally: Challenges and future developments. Gibson RS. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):183-189.
PUBLIC HEALTH Neighborhood disparities in access to healthy foods and their effects on environmental justice. Hilmers A, Hilmers DC, Dave J. (Review). Am J Public Health. 2012;102(9):1644-1654. Abstract. The character of a neighborhood, particularly the distribution and availability of business settings that sell food items, can predetermine environmental health risk. The goal of this systematic review was to examine the published literature for the effect of neighborhood composition of fast-food and convenience stores on limited access to healthy foods. The authors used the term “environmental justice,” which typically describes health hazards such as lead exposure, and applied it to the probability of being able to access healthy foods. Using an exhaustive literature search strategy, a
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2081
FROM THE ACADEMY total of 18 studies examined fast-food restaurants and eight studies reported on the density of convenience stores within neighborhoods. Outcome variables were area disparities by socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic composition. No statistical comparisons were made; detailed qualitative and quantitative tabulation of available studies was presented. Results showed trends toward higher availability of energy-dense foods in neighborhoods of disadvantage. Findings reported the need for flexible policy initiatives linked to the specific barriers and opportunities within each neighborhood. No funding source was identified; authors were from the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor University, Houston, TX.
Food standards, dietary modeling, and public health nutrition policy. Mackerras D. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):208-212.
RESEARCH Bridging research and practice. Models for dissemination and implementation research. Tabak RG, Khoong EC, Chambers DA, Brownson RC. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):337-350. From food databases to dietary assessment: A beginning to an end approach for quality nutrition data. Champagne CM, Wroten KC. Nutr Diet. 2012; 69(3):187-194. Tocotrienol research: Past and present. Wong RS, Radhakrishnan AK. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):483-490.
SCHOOL NUTRITION RENAL NUTRITION High-dose cholecalciferol reduces parathyroid hormone in patients with early chronic kidney disease: A pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Alvarez J, Law J, Coakley KE, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96(3):672-679. Abstract. Early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) may benefit from interventions that may delay progression or reduce incidence of comorbid conditions. This randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled clinical trial compared the use of oral cholecalciferol 50,000 IU/week (vitamin D) for 12 weeks followed by 50,000 IU given in alternate weeks for 40 weeks compared to placebo in a cohort of 46 CKD outpatients (mean age 62.3 years, 91% male, 50% black) stages 2-3 (eGFR ⬍90 mL/min) for changes in serum 25(OH)D vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood pressure, and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). Three-day food records were collected at baseline and end of study for vitamin D using Nutritionist Pro software. Statistical analysis included descriptive, 2, t-tests, and analysis of variance and covariance. Results showed supplementation with vitamin D significantly increased serum 25(OH)D and significantly decreased PTH. The group by time interaction was also significant, showing progressive changes that remained over the trial. No significant changes were seen in other variables. Patients who received vitamin D supplementation achieved recommended serum levels, whereas the placebo group remained vitamin D–insufficient at the end of the trial. Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation. 2082
School wellness policies. Effects of using standard templates. Smith EM, Capogrossi KL, Estabrooks PA. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):304-308. Associations among school characteristics and foodservice practices in a nationally representative sample of United States schools. Thomson JL, Tussing-Humphreys LM, Martin CK, LeBlanc MM, Onufrak SJ. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):423-431.
SPORTS NUTRITION The healthy afterschool activity and nutrition documentation instrument. Aija R, Beets MW, Huberty J, Kaczynski AR, Wards DS. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):263-271. Abstract. In the United States, more than 8 million children participate in afterschool activities, but there is no established procedure to compare the energy expended between programs. This research reports the creation and validation of a Healthy Afterschool Program Index of Physical Activity (HAPI-PA) and the corresponding Healthy Afterschool Program Index of Nutrition (HAPI-N), collectively named the HAAND (Healthy Afterschool Activity and Nutrition Documentation) instrument (available www.ajpmonline. org). A cohort of 39 schools serving children kindergarten through fifth grade in three regions of South Carolina and Nebraska were used. Each school had an afterschool program implemented by a wide array of organizations that averaged approximately 3 hours per week. Content was created using an expert panel, incorporation of existing government policies
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
and peer-review organization recommendations, and two current self-assessment and rating scales for this age group. After pilot testing, the final research version was used to train seven field observers who collected the data face-to-face by interviews with center personnel and direct observation of participants. Reliability was assessed using inter-rater score comparison at 20 of the 39 sites with statistic and percent item agreement. Construct validity used cross-validation with 4-day pedometer activity readings in a subgroup of 934 children at 25 sites. Comparisons were then made using oneway analysis of variance on individual and group sub-scale item responses. Results showed statistics ranged from 0.70 to 1.00 (median 0.92). Activity was validated as 70 pedometer steps correlated to 1-unit increase in HAPI-PA scores. The HAAND needs to be tested on other audiences and environments to understand the full potential application in practice. Funding was provided by the Communities Putting Prevention to Work grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a National Institutes of Health grant.
Performance benefits of rehydration with intravenous fluid and oral glycerol. Van Rosendal SP, Stroebel NA, Osborne MA, Fassett RG, Coombes JS. Med Sci Sport Exer. 2012;44(9):1780-1790. Unique aspects of competitive weightlifting: Performance, training, and physiology. Storey A, Smith HK. Sports Med. 2012;42(9):769790.
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT Obesity and all-cause mortality among black adults and white adults. Cohen SS, Signorello LB, Cope EL, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(5):431-442. Abstract. Adult obesity has been linked to higher risk of chronic disease and subsequent higher health care burden cost. This subgroup analysis of the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) examined the health disparities by ethnic group in the cohort of over 86,000 adults residing in 12 southeastern urban and rural areas of the United States followed from 2002 to 2009. Participants were purposefully sampled (66%) from the black racial group, were 40 to 79 years of age, and could not have been diagnosed with any form of cancer. Baseline surveys were performed at enrollment including commuDecember 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
FROM THE ACADEMY nity clinic actual weight and height measures. The National Death Index was used to track mortality through February 2011. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate risk ratios and 95% CIs between black and white self-reported race, sex, age categories, and body mass index, while controlling for other covariates. A final set of 76,614 participants was used in this analysis. Higher all-cause mortality was associated with higher body mass index levels ⬎40 (1.37) in whites but not in blacks (1.13). Even the highest levels of obesity in black participants did not increase all-cause mortality. Further research needs to examine the detailed associations with mortality risk and obesity in diverse populations of adults. Funding was provided to the SCCS study by the National Cancer Institute and the Susan G. Komen for the Cure organization.
A Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduction in premature mortality among middle-aged adults. Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Guillen-Grima F, De Iraia J, et al. J Nutr. 2012;142(9):1672-1678. Diverse biological activities of dandelion. Gonzalez-Castejon M, Visioli F, RodriguezCasado A. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):534547.
WOMEN’S HEALTH Dietary restraint in college women: Fear of an imperfect fat self is stronger than hope of a perfect thin self. Dalley SE, Toffanin P, Pollet TV. Body Image 2012;9(4):441-447.
Development and validation of the Body, Eating, and Exercise Comparison orientation measure (BEECOM) among college women. Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Bardone-Cone AM, Harney MB. Body Image 2012;9(4):476-487.
Urinary estrogen metabolites in two soy trials with premenopausal women. Maskarinec G, Morimoto Y, Heak S, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):1044-1049.
To weigh or not to weigh: The relationship between self-weighing behavior and body image among adults. Klos LA, Esser VE, Kessler MM. Body Image 2012; 9(4):551-554.
Mini nutritional assessment and 10year mortality in free-living elderly women: A prospective cohort study with 10-year follow-up. Lundin H, Saaf M, Strender LE, Mollasaraie HA, Salminen H. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):10501053.
Pitfalls in using BMI as a selection criterion for bariatric surgery. Livingston E. (Review). Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012;19(5):347-351.
SITES IN REVIEW
Ethnic differences in weight loss and diabetes remission after bariatric surgery. A meta-analysis. Admiraal WM, Celik F, Gerdes VE, Dallal RM, Hoefstra JB, Holleman F. (Meta-analysis). Diabetes Care. 2012;35(9):1951-1958. How dieting makes some fatter: From a perspective of human body composition autoregulation. Dullon AG, Jacquet J, Montanai JP. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3):379-389.
WELLNESS/PREVENTION Critical review: Vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases. Boeing H, Bechthoid A, Bub A, et al. (Review). Eur J Nutr. 2012;51(6):637-663.
December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
These websites offer a variety of free nutrition education materials useful for dietetics practitioners.
Washington State Department of Health H.E.R.E. Health Education Resource Exchange http://here.doh.wa.gov/. Health Education Resource Exchange (H.E.R.E.) is a database of nutrition and health resources co-sponsored by the Washington State Department of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its downloadable materials are directed at educators “who perform population-based health promotion activities in a variety of settings, primarily state and local health departments, tribes, community organizations, clinics, hospitals, and schools.” H.E.R.E. offers dozens of free materials including posters, fact sheets, booklets,
and newsletters. Users can search these materials posted either alphabetically or by topic, target audience, or language (many resources are available in over 20 languages). Most healthy eating resources are listed under the general “nutrition” or “pregnancy, infants, and children” categories. Site users also have the option of either viewing these materials online, downloading them, or ordering printed copies. Public health policies, communication, development, and implementation are other featured resources archived in the H.E.R.E. database. Users can learn more information about existing community, school, and worksite health programs by browsing through this professional resources section of the H.E.R.E. website.
University of Nebraska Extension in Lincoln County: Food: Nutrition, Safety, and Cooking http://lancaster.unl.edu/food/. The University of Nebraska Extension in Lincoln County (UNL) website offers a plethora of free nutrition education materials for both consumers and professionals. The mission of UNL is to “provide objective and research-based information and learning opportunities that help people improve their lives.” This US Department of Agriculture–funded organization is part of an educational partnership from 74 land-grant universities throughout the United States. Dietetics practitioners, home economists, food scientists, and other nutrition-related professionals serve as UNL content providers. UNL site users can also obtain practical information on a variety of food and nutrition topics. The site content is organized by the following categories: Healthy Eating Basics, Life Stages, Nutrition & Health Issues, Shopping, Cooking & Meal Preparation, Weight Management, and Physical Activity. Users can opt to view these resources online or as PDFs. Technological features of the UNL site include blogs (food preparation, food science, and sports nutrition); apps (food safety, smart shopping, and healthy eating and exercise); and podcasts or electronic newsletters covering a variety of nutrition topics. In the Educational Resources section of the UNL site, dietetics practitioners can find a variety of timely PowerPoint slide shows targeted at general public audiences along with corresponding consumer handouts and short videos. Dietetics practitioners can also incorporate some brief UNL consumer webinars covering a wide range of nutrition and health topics into their own practice-based approach to client education.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2083
PERIODICALS
BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY Restaurant menus: Calories, caloric density, and serving size. Scourboutakos MJ, Abbe MR. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):249-255. Abstract. The general public continues to increase the number of meals they consume outside of the home. The purpose of this research was to collect and assess the corporate-provided nutrition data on selected Canadian restaurant menus and examine for trends in calories, caloric density, and portion size by type of establishment and other potential caloric labeling variables. Investigators began with a systematic review of all Canadian restaurants (sit-down or fast-food) with 20 or more outlets in Canada that also provided nutrition information online. Each website was accessed and a database of more than 9,000 menu items from 85 establishments was created for 13 food label nutrients by reported serving size. Serving size was then standardized into 100-total-calorie units. Items were then divided into 28 subcategories; categories with less than 20 items were eliminated from further analysis. Condiments, combination entrÊes, and beverages were also excluded. Food item differences within each category were calculated using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Further comparisons were made using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and general scatter plots. Calorie ranges per item as served varied from 61 to 2,486 kcal. Sitdown restaurants tended to have higher calorie density per marketed serving, but a very wide range of calories was found in both sit-down and fast-food menus. Serving size varied considerably between establishments and food items. Greater caloric density often resulted in larger portion size in general. The wide variation of information presented including serving size makes challenging choices for the consumer. Funding was provided by the Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR) Strategic Training Program in Public Health Policy and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. © 2012 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Endospores of thermophilic bacteria in ingredient milk powders and their significance to the manufacture of sterilized milk products: An industrial perspective. Hill BM, Smythe BW. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012;28(3):299-312. Bringing science to the art of strategy. Lafley AG, Martin RL, Rivkin JW, Siggelkow N. Harv Bus Rev. 2012;90(9):56-66. Your strategy needs a strategy. Reeves M, Love C. Harv Bus Rev. 2012;90(9):76-83. Contributions of processed foods to dietary intake in the US from 20032008: A report of the Food and Nutrition Science Solutions Task Force of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Society of Nutrition, Institute of Food Technologists, and International Food Information Council. Eicher-Miller HA, Fulgoni VL, Keast DR. J Nutr. 2011. DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.164442. The influence of cartoon character advertising on fruit and vegetable preferences of 9-to-11-year-old children. Bezberauh N, Brunt A. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012; 44(5):438-441.
CLINICAL NUTRITION Emphasizing statin safety in the hospitalized patient: A review. Leung A, Schaefer EW, Tempelhof MW, Stone NJ. et al. (Review). Am J Med. 2012;125(9):845853.
Single measurement of serum 25(OH)D: Is classification into month-specific cutpoints useful in accounting for seasonal variation? Saliba W, Barnett-Griness O, Rennert G. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):1069-1071. Impact of vitamin D supplementation on markers of inflammation in adults with cystic fibrosis hospitalized for a pulmonary exacerbation. Grossmann RE, Zughaier SM, Liu, Lyles RH, Tangpricha V. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):10721074. State-of-the-art incorporation of oats into a gluten-free diet. Pawlowska P, Diowksz A, Kordialik-Bogacka E. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012;28(3):330-342. Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rizos ED, Ntzani EE, Bika E, Kostapanos MD, Elisaf MS. (Review, Meta-analysis). JAMA. 2012; 308(10):1024-1033. Abstract. The chronic ingestion of n-3 fatty acids through diet or supplementation has been linked to lower cardiovascular risk in many studies without clearly understanding the causal relationship. This systematic review and meta-analysis collected and analyzed published data from 1999 through August 2012 for randomized clinical trials reporting the use of n-3 fatty acids and the effect on cardiovascular outcomes (sudden death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality). Standardized random-ef-
IN THIS ISSUE PERIODICALS.................................................................................................page 2077 SITES IN REVIEW ...........................................................................................page 2083 New in Review Editor: Judith Beto, PhD, RD, FADA Sites in Review Editor: Eileen Vincent, MS, RD
Order Abstracted Articles at a Discount Did you know you can order the articles listed in New in Review through the Academy? You can for a nominal charge of $10. Simply e-mail a citation from New in Review (eg, Stensland SH, Sobal J. Dietary practices of ballet, jazz, and modern dancers. J Am Diet Assoc. 1992;92(3):319-324) to [email protected]. You will then be sent a link to pay for your article using a credit card. Articles are sent via e-mail and generally arrive within 3 business days.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2077
FROM THE ACADEMY fects modeling and calculation of the Q statistic was used to examine the 20 trials identified that met inclusion criteria from 3,653 citations obtained. A total of 68,630 participants (median age 68 years, mean treatment duration 2 years) were included in the statistical analysis. Overall trial quality using Cochrane collaboration criteria and relative risk statistics were employed to examine efficacy both from diet (two studies) and/or supplementation (18 studies). No significant effect for n-3 supplementation was found for any outcome variables. No funding source was identified; authors were employed by the University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Research in nutrigenomics and potential applications to practice. Ferguson LR, Barnett MP. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3): 198-202. Associations between flavonoids and cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality in European and US populations. Peterson JJ, Dwyer JT, Jacques PF, McCcullough ML. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):491-508.
ods. Trends showed 82.5% preferred graphs over text (17.5%); pictographs or bar graphs (32%) were more strongly preferred compared to text or pie charts (17% to 19%). There was a correlation between participant preference for receiving information and the animated type of media format as delivered. Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health and two training grants to investigators from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Leftovers and other food safety information for iPhone/iPad application (Smartphone technology). Abrecht JA, Larvick C, Litchfield RE, Weinshaar C. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):469-471. Advancing practice: Using nutrition information and technology to improve health: The nutrition informatics global challenge. Ayres EJ, Hoggle LB. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):195197.
To establish the parameters of optimal nutrition do we need to consider psychological in addition to physiological parameters? Benton D. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012; DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200477.
CULINARY Composition, nutrition, and utilization of okara (soybean residue). Li B, Qiao M, Lu R. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012; 28(3):231-252. Application of supercritical carbon dioxide to fruit and vegetables: Extraction, processing, and preservation. Rawson A, Tiwari BK, Brunton N, Brennan C, Cullen PJ, O’Donnell CP. (Review). Food Rev Int. 2012;28(3):253-276.
COMMUNICATION/PUBLICATION
COMMUNITY NUTRITION
Sensory characteristics and relative sweetness of tagolose and other sweeteners. Fujimuru T, Park JH, Lim J. J Food Sci. 2012;77(9): S323-S328.
Using animated computer-generated text and graphics to depict the risks and benefits of medical treatment. Tait AR, Voepel-Lewis T, Brennan-Martinez C, McGonegal M, Levine R. Am J Med. 2012; http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.04.040. Abstract. Presenting complex informa-
Nutritional risk factors for tuberculosis among adults in the United States, 1971-1992. Cegielski JP, Arab L, Cornoni-Huntley J. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(5):409-422.
Grapefruit (Citrus paradise Macfad) phytochemicals composition is modulated by household processing techniques. Uckoo RM, Jayaprakasha GK, Balasubramaniam VM, Patil BS. J Food Sci. 2012;77(9):C921-C926.
tion in a visual media format compared to a print format may increase education comprehension. This randomized controlled study evaluated the response (perception, preference, health literacy) of a cohort of adults waiting for care in a single center (University of Michigan) cardiovascular waiting room after being presented identical content information on statin medication use in one of four formats (text/numbers, pie chart, bar graph, or pictograph) using an iPad media format. A total of 320 adults were contacted in sequential order until 200 (power calculation of 49 per group) gave consent and completed the activity. Data were then compared by groups using analysis of variance followed by post hoc multiple comparison adjustments and linear regression modeling. The demographics between the randomized groups did not statistically differ (mean age 52 to 55 years of age, sex distribution 38% to 62%, 22% to 33% current statin use, 80% to 92% white). Health literacy understanding did not statistically differ between delivery meth2078
Tackling food security issues in indigenous communities in Canada: The Manitoba experience. Fieldhouse P, Thompson S. Nutr Diet. 2012; 69(3):217-221.
CONSULTATION AND PRIVATE PRACTICE Financial reinforcers for improving medication adherence: Findings from a meta-analysis. Petry NM, Rash CJ, Byrne S, Ashraf S, White WB. (Meta-analysis). Am J Med. 2012;125(9):888896. Do we provide meaningful guidance for healthy eating? An investigation into consumers’ interpretation of frequency consumption terms. King L, Watson WL, Chapman K, et al. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):459-463.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
DIABETES CARE Childhood nutrition in predicting metabolic syndrome in adults. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Jaaskelainen P, Magnussen CG, Pahkala K, et al. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(9):1937-1943. Barley cultivar, kernel composition, and processing affect the glycemic index. Aldghpassi A, Abdel-Aal WS, Wolever TM. J Nutr. 2012;142(9):1666-1671. Comparison of the effects of different statins and doses on lipid levels in patients with diabetes: Results from the VOYAGER. Karlson BW, Barter PJ, Palmer MK, Lundman P, Nichols SJ. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2012; 22(9):697-703. December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
FROM THE ACADEMY Current evidence on the associations of breastfeeding, infant formula, and cow’s milk introduction with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Patelarou E, Girvalaki C, Brokalaki H, Patelarou A, Androulaki Z, Vardavas C. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):509-519.
EDUCATION Developing an online certification program for nutrition education assistants. Christofferson D, Christensen N, LeBlanc H, Bunch M. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):407-412. From weight management goals to action planning: Identification of a logical sequence from goals to actions and underlying determinants. Van Genugten L, van Empelen P, Oenema A. J Nutr Hum Diet. 2012;25(4):354-364. Trends in training for nutritionists and dietitians in the Caribbean. Thompson PY. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):226-230.
December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
GERONTOLOGY Nutrition and dietetics in aged care. Chwang LC. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):203-207. Effect of weight loss on the rate of muscle protein synthesis during fasted and fed conditions in obese older adults. Villareal DT, Smith GI, Shah K, Mittendorfer B. Obesity. 2012;20(9):1780-1786. Early nutrition programming of longterm health. Kotletzko B, Brands B, Potson L, Godfrey K, Demmelmair H. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3):371-378.
LONG-TERM CARE Advancing long term care: Central European perspective. Holmerova I, Koopmans R, Savid BS, et al. J Am Med Dir Assn. 2012;13(7):578-580. Identifying failure to thrive in the long term care setting. (Clinical experience). Anderson K, Barald C, Supiano M. J Am Med Dir Assn. 2012;13(7):665.e15-665.e18.
Improving opportunities for food service and dietetics practice in hospitals and residential aged care facilities. Walton K. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):222-225.
MANAGEMENT/ADMINISTRATION Sustainable diets for the future: Can we contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by eating a healthy diet? Macdiarmid JI, Kyle J, Horgan GW, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96(3):632-639. Abstract. The United Kingdom food systems are estimated to account for 18% to 20% of the annual greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) for the country, and reducing GHGE is in line with sustainability goals for the environment. This theoretical study compared several 1-week dietary intake plans by GHGE levels using 82 food groups with the goal to achieve a maximum reduction. A linear programming model was employed that used successive iterations to produce diet models for an adult woman 19 to 50 years of age. Parameters included using sensible portions, common foods, and realistic
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2079
FROM THE ACADEMY expectations of implementation. Decrease in intake of meat and dairy products was used as a philosophy without eliminating use within the 7-day diet plan. Generated plans were compared using 1990 GHGE levels created using lifecycle analysis. This complicated methodology included transportation to site of use, different farming methods, hydration required for cooking, cooking and storage times, and other factors. A table of the 82 most common food groups as reported by the HM Revenue and Customs UK Trade Statistics report was used as a basis for diet planning. Nutrient composition was obtained from the United Kingdom National Diet and Nutrition Survey databank for cooked weights as applicable. The most efficient diet plan of seven food items resulted in a 90% reduction but was considered unrealistic. A moderate diet plan using 52 foods reduced the GHGE by 36% and was considered most realistic. Funding was provided by the World Wildlife Fund-United Kingdom and the Scottish Government Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services.
Food choices of minority and low-income employees. A cafeteria intervention. Levy DE, Riis J, Sonnenberg LM, Barraclough SJ, Thorndike AN. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):240248. Greased palms, giant headaches. Currell D, Bradley TD. Harv Bus Rev. 2012;90(9): 21-23. Dietitians as leaders, past, present, and future. Capra S. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):179-182.
NUTRITION SUPPORT Randomised controlled trial of colostrum to improve intestinal function in patients with short bowel syndrome. Lund P, Sangild PT, Aunsholt L, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):1059-1065. Influence of parenteral nutrition delivery system on the development of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients: An international, multicenter, prospective, open-label, controlled study— EPICOS study. Pontes-Arruda A, dos Santos MC, Martins LF, et al for the EPICOS Study Group. JPEN Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(5):574-586. December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
Ethanol lock therapy in reducing catheter-related bloodstream infections in adult home parenteral nutrition patients: Results of a retrospective study. John BK, Khan MA Speerhas R, et al. JPEN Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(5):603-610. Neural and metabolic regulation of macronutrient intake and selection. Berthoud HR, Munzberg H, Richards BK, Morrison CD. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3):390-400. Control of food intake by metabolism of fuels: A comparison across species. Allen MS, Bradford BJ. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3): 401-409.
ONCOLOGY Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of pancreatic cancer in a pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies. Koushik A, Spiegelman D, Albanes D, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(5):373-386.
PEDIATRIC Reducing childhood obesity by eliminating 100% fruit juice. Wojcicki JM, Heyman MB. (Commentary). Am J Public Health. 2012;102(9):1630-1633. Abstract. The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 focused on improving the nutritional health of high-risk, low-income children less than 5 years of age, and will affect the US Department of Agriculture meal patterns for individuals enrolled in federal Child and Adult Food Care Programs (CAFCP). This commentary examined the impact of the current use of 100% fruit juices on the childhood obesity epidemic in the United States. The highest consumption of these juices are in the toddler and young children age groups. The authors suggest that substituting whole fruit for the juice option in the updates of the CAFCP food patterns might be a very effective way to reduce calories while increasing other nutrients. The authors suggest children of this age group should be exposed to drinking milk or water at mealtime to promote these practices in later life. A timeline of policy recommendations by a cohort of national organizations from 2001 to 2011 was provided. No funding support was identified; authors are members of the Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, and acknowledged salary support from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
A.S.P.E.N. clinical guidelines: Nutrition support of neonatal patients at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis. Fallon EM, Nehra D, Potemkin AK, Gura KM, Simpser E, Compher C, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A,S.P.E.N.) Board of Directors, Puder M. JPEN Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(5):506-523. Vitamin D: An overview of its role in skeletal muscle physiology in children and adolescents. Hazell TJ, Deguire JR, Weiler HA. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):520-533. Better newborn vitamin D status lowers RSV-associated bronchiolitis in infants. Maxwell CS, Carbone ET, Wood RJ. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):548-552. A nutritional comparison of foods and beverages marketed to children in two advertising policy environments. Kent MP, Dubois L, Wanless A. Obesity. 2012; 20(9):1829-1837.
POLICY & ADVOCACY Counting calories: Resident perspectives on calorie labeling in New York. Gordon C, Hayes R. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012; 44(5):454-458. Harmonisation of micronutrient-based dietary standards globally: Challenges and future developments. Gibson RS. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):183-189.
PUBLIC HEALTH Neighborhood disparities in access to healthy foods and their effects on environmental justice. Hilmers A, Hilmers DC, Dave J. (Review). Am J Public Health. 2012;102(9):1644-1654. Abstract. The character of a neighborhood, particularly the distribution and availability of business settings that sell food items, can predetermine environmental health risk. The goal of this systematic review was to examine the published literature for the effect of neighborhood composition of fast-food and convenience stores on limited access to healthy foods. The authors used the term “environmental justice,” which typically describes health hazards such as lead exposure, and applied it to the probability of being able to access healthy foods. Using an exhaustive literature search strategy, a
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2081
FROM THE ACADEMY total of 18 studies examined fast-food restaurants and eight studies reported on the density of convenience stores within neighborhoods. Outcome variables were area disparities by socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic composition. No statistical comparisons were made; detailed qualitative and quantitative tabulation of available studies was presented. Results showed trends toward higher availability of energy-dense foods in neighborhoods of disadvantage. Findings reported the need for flexible policy initiatives linked to the specific barriers and opportunities within each neighborhood. No funding source was identified; authors were from the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor University, Houston, TX.
Food standards, dietary modeling, and public health nutrition policy. Mackerras D. Nutr Diet. 2012;69(3):208-212.
RESEARCH Bridging research and practice. Models for dissemination and implementation research. Tabak RG, Khoong EC, Chambers DA, Brownson RC. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):337-350. From food databases to dietary assessment: A beginning to an end approach for quality nutrition data. Champagne CM, Wroten KC. Nutr Diet. 2012; 69(3):187-194. Tocotrienol research: Past and present. Wong RS, Radhakrishnan AK. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):483-490.
SCHOOL NUTRITION RENAL NUTRITION High-dose cholecalciferol reduces parathyroid hormone in patients with early chronic kidney disease: A pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Alvarez J, Law J, Coakley KE, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96(3):672-679. Abstract. Early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) may benefit from interventions that may delay progression or reduce incidence of comorbid conditions. This randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled clinical trial compared the use of oral cholecalciferol 50,000 IU/week (vitamin D) for 12 weeks followed by 50,000 IU given in alternate weeks for 40 weeks compared to placebo in a cohort of 46 CKD outpatients (mean age 62.3 years, 91% male, 50% black) stages 2-3 (eGFR ⬍90 mL/min) for changes in serum 25(OH)D vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood pressure, and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). Three-day food records were collected at baseline and end of study for vitamin D using Nutritionist Pro software. Statistical analysis included descriptive, 2, t-tests, and analysis of variance and covariance. Results showed supplementation with vitamin D significantly increased serum 25(OH)D and significantly decreased PTH. The group by time interaction was also significant, showing progressive changes that remained over the trial. No significant changes were seen in other variables. Patients who received vitamin D supplementation achieved recommended serum levels, whereas the placebo group remained vitamin D–insufficient at the end of the trial. Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation. 2082
School wellness policies. Effects of using standard templates. Smith EM, Capogrossi KL, Estabrooks PA. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):304-308. Associations among school characteristics and foodservice practices in a nationally representative sample of United States schools. Thomson JL, Tussing-Humphreys LM, Martin CK, LeBlanc MM, Onufrak SJ. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(5):423-431.
SPORTS NUTRITION The healthy afterschool activity and nutrition documentation instrument. Aija R, Beets MW, Huberty J, Kaczynski AR, Wards DS. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3):263-271. Abstract. In the United States, more than 8 million children participate in afterschool activities, but there is no established procedure to compare the energy expended between programs. This research reports the creation and validation of a Healthy Afterschool Program Index of Physical Activity (HAPI-PA) and the corresponding Healthy Afterschool Program Index of Nutrition (HAPI-N), collectively named the HAAND (Healthy Afterschool Activity and Nutrition Documentation) instrument (available www.ajpmonline. org). A cohort of 39 schools serving children kindergarten through fifth grade in three regions of South Carolina and Nebraska were used. Each school had an afterschool program implemented by a wide array of organizations that averaged approximately 3 hours per week. Content was created using an expert panel, incorporation of existing government policies
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
and peer-review organization recommendations, and two current self-assessment and rating scales for this age group. After pilot testing, the final research version was used to train seven field observers who collected the data face-to-face by interviews with center personnel and direct observation of participants. Reliability was assessed using inter-rater score comparison at 20 of the 39 sites with statistic and percent item agreement. Construct validity used cross-validation with 4-day pedometer activity readings in a subgroup of 934 children at 25 sites. Comparisons were then made using oneway analysis of variance on individual and group sub-scale item responses. Results showed statistics ranged from 0.70 to 1.00 (median 0.92). Activity was validated as 70 pedometer steps correlated to 1-unit increase in HAPI-PA scores. The HAAND needs to be tested on other audiences and environments to understand the full potential application in practice. Funding was provided by the Communities Putting Prevention to Work grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a National Institutes of Health grant.
Performance benefits of rehydration with intravenous fluid and oral glycerol. Van Rosendal SP, Stroebel NA, Osborne MA, Fassett RG, Coombes JS. Med Sci Sport Exer. 2012;44(9):1780-1790. Unique aspects of competitive weightlifting: Performance, training, and physiology. Storey A, Smith HK. Sports Med. 2012;42(9):769790.
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT Obesity and all-cause mortality among black adults and white adults. Cohen SS, Signorello LB, Cope EL, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(5):431-442. Abstract. Adult obesity has been linked to higher risk of chronic disease and subsequent higher health care burden cost. This subgroup analysis of the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) examined the health disparities by ethnic group in the cohort of over 86,000 adults residing in 12 southeastern urban and rural areas of the United States followed from 2002 to 2009. Participants were purposefully sampled (66%) from the black racial group, were 40 to 79 years of age, and could not have been diagnosed with any form of cancer. Baseline surveys were performed at enrollment including commuDecember 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
FROM THE ACADEMY nity clinic actual weight and height measures. The National Death Index was used to track mortality through February 2011. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate risk ratios and 95% CIs between black and white self-reported race, sex, age categories, and body mass index, while controlling for other covariates. A final set of 76,614 participants was used in this analysis. Higher all-cause mortality was associated with higher body mass index levels ⬎40 (1.37) in whites but not in blacks (1.13). Even the highest levels of obesity in black participants did not increase all-cause mortality. Further research needs to examine the detailed associations with mortality risk and obesity in diverse populations of adults. Funding was provided to the SCCS study by the National Cancer Institute and the Susan G. Komen for the Cure organization.
A Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduction in premature mortality among middle-aged adults. Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Guillen-Grima F, De Iraia J, et al. J Nutr. 2012;142(9):1672-1678. Diverse biological activities of dandelion. Gonzalez-Castejon M, Visioli F, RodriguezCasado A. (Review). Nutr Rev. 2012;70(9):534547.
WOMEN’S HEALTH Dietary restraint in college women: Fear of an imperfect fat self is stronger than hope of a perfect thin self. Dalley SE, Toffanin P, Pollet TV. Body Image 2012;9(4):441-447.
Development and validation of the Body, Eating, and Exercise Comparison orientation measure (BEECOM) among college women. Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Bardone-Cone AM, Harney MB. Body Image 2012;9(4):476-487.
Urinary estrogen metabolites in two soy trials with premenopausal women. Maskarinec G, Morimoto Y, Heak S, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):1044-1049.
To weigh or not to weigh: The relationship between self-weighing behavior and body image among adults. Klos LA, Esser VE, Kessler MM. Body Image 2012; 9(4):551-554.
Mini nutritional assessment and 10year mortality in free-living elderly women: A prospective cohort study with 10-year follow-up. Lundin H, Saaf M, Strender LE, Mollasaraie HA, Salminen H. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(9):10501053.
Pitfalls in using BMI as a selection criterion for bariatric surgery. Livingston E. (Review). Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012;19(5):347-351.
SITES IN REVIEW
Ethnic differences in weight loss and diabetes remission after bariatric surgery. A meta-analysis. Admiraal WM, Celik F, Gerdes VE, Dallal RM, Hoefstra JB, Holleman F. (Meta-analysis). Diabetes Care. 2012;35(9):1951-1958. How dieting makes some fatter: From a perspective of human body composition autoregulation. Dullon AG, Jacquet J, Montanai JP. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(3):379-389.
WELLNESS/PREVENTION Critical review: Vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases. Boeing H, Bechthoid A, Bub A, et al. (Review). Eur J Nutr. 2012;51(6):637-663.
December 2012 Volume 112 Number 12
These websites offer a variety of free nutrition education materials useful for dietetics practitioners.
Washington State Department of Health H.E.R.E. Health Education Resource Exchange http://here.doh.wa.gov/. Health Education Resource Exchange (H.E.R.E.) is a database of nutrition and health resources co-sponsored by the Washington State Department of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its downloadable materials are directed at educators “who perform population-based health promotion activities in a variety of settings, primarily state and local health departments, tribes, community organizations, clinics, hospitals, and schools.” H.E.R.E. offers dozens of free materials including posters, fact sheets, booklets,
and newsletters. Users can search these materials posted either alphabetically or by topic, target audience, or language (many resources are available in over 20 languages). Most healthy eating resources are listed under the general “nutrition” or “pregnancy, infants, and children” categories. Site users also have the option of either viewing these materials online, downloading them, or ordering printed copies. Public health policies, communication, development, and implementation are other featured resources archived in the H.E.R.E. database. Users can learn more information about existing community, school, and worksite health programs by browsing through this professional resources section of the H.E.R.E. website.
University of Nebraska Extension in Lincoln County: Food: Nutrition, Safety, and Cooking http://lancaster.unl.edu/food/. The University of Nebraska Extension in Lincoln County (UNL) website offers a plethora of free nutrition education materials for both consumers and professionals. The mission of UNL is to “provide objective and research-based information and learning opportunities that help people improve their lives.” This US Department of Agriculture–funded organization is part of an educational partnership from 74 land-grant universities throughout the United States. Dietetics practitioners, home economists, food scientists, and other nutrition-related professionals serve as UNL content providers. UNL site users can also obtain practical information on a variety of food and nutrition topics. The site content is organized by the following categories: Healthy Eating Basics, Life Stages, Nutrition & Health Issues, Shopping, Cooking & Meal Preparation, Weight Management, and Physical Activity. Users can opt to view these resources online or as PDFs. Technological features of the UNL site include blogs (food preparation, food science, and sports nutrition); apps (food safety, smart shopping, and healthy eating and exercise); and podcasts or electronic newsletters covering a variety of nutrition topics. In the Educational Resources section of the UNL site, dietetics practitioners can find a variety of timely PowerPoint slide shows targeted at general public audiences along with corresponding consumer handouts and short videos. Dietetics practitioners can also incorporate some brief UNL consumer webinars covering a wide range of nutrition and health topics into their own practice-based approach to client education.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
2083