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Degradation and weathering of polymers
Vol. 18, No. 1, Page 3
UV AGEING OF LLDPE
This paper by BP Chemie deals with UV ageing of LLDPE films with and without UV stabilizer. Pure LLDPE and LDPE, and blends of these two materials have been compared by outdoor exposure Parameters influencing or artificial ageing in a Xenotest 150. the lifetime of LLDPE films have been examined, such as film thickness, melt index and catalyst residue level of LLDPE, nature (butene-1,4-methylpentene-1, hexene-l), and of the comonomer backing during outdoor exposure. Plast. & Rubb. Proc. & Appl., 1987, 8, (11, 23-27
FLY ASH AS EXTENDER IN POLYESTERS
A fraction of the fly ash produced by Hungarian power stations comprises hollow microspheres which has been found suitable for use as an extender in glass reinforced polyester composites Some 20-50X can without further purification or refinement. be incorporated without detriment to rigidity within the composite.
J. Cell. Plast., 1987, 23, (41, 399
D~~DATION ANb APING OF POLYMERS
There have been two major symposia on this subject during the past year, one in the U.K., which was organized by the Croups within the Society of the Chemical Industry, and one in the U.S. sponsored by the SPI. The U.K. conference contained a number of academic papers on the theory of polymer degradation and practical considerations which are pertinent to an overall understanding of the subject. Much work is being done to design stabilizer and antioxidant systems which possess long-term performance, particularly in "leaching environments," and this work will almost certainly involve the insolubilization of chemical additives in the polymer by valence bond attachment. The U.S. symposium focussed on the utilisation of polymer degradation to satisfy environmental needs. Papers showed the various ways in which plastics can be made to degrade in a controlled fashion and gave details of degradable plastics that are commercially available for packaging products, etc. The President of the SPI sounded a note of caution in his address saying that several questions must be carefully examined before it can be determined whether degradability is truly feasible and not just technically possible; for instance, what are appropriate applicaIn what types of products would the desirability of tions? degradability outweigh the need for durability or integrity? What effect would chemical modifications in a polymer have on the ability of a food or beverage package to ensure safety from What impact would chemical modificamicrobial contamination? What would tions have on the recyclability of these polymers?
Cont./...... ADDlTlVES
FOR
POLYMERS
Q1988
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam./W$O.OO + 2.20 No part of this publication may be reproduced. stored in a retrieval system. or transmitted means, electronic. mechanical. photocopying, recording or otherwise. wthout the prior (Readers in the US A.-please see special regulations listed on back cover.)
by any form or by any
permlsslc,n ofthe publishers
Vol. 18, No. 1, Page 4
be the by-products of decomposition of these materials? And finally, what would be the true effects of degradable plastics on easing litter problems or landfill burdens?
MATERIALS END USE TRADE NAME(S) CHEMICAL TYPE COMPANY
IMPACT MODIFIER Rican 150 Liquid polybutadiene Colorado Chemical Specialities
PRODUCT DEX'AILS
Recommended for use in polypropylene, polythene and EPDM, in automotive components. Possesses low temperature impact resistance.
END USE TRADE NAME(S)
IMPACT MODIFIER 1) Ricon 131MA 2) Rican 184MA 1) A low vinyl polybutadiene maleic adduct 2) Polybutadiene/styrene maleic adduct Colorado Chemical Specialities
CHEXICAL TYPE CONFANY PRODUCT DETAILS
131MA is a developmental product, designed to improve the low184MA acts temperature impact strength of nylon components. as a compatibilising agent between polycarbonate and EPDM and between silicone and unsaturated polyester.
END USE TRADE NAME(S)
PROCESSING AID FY)RPOLYOLEFINES Clarene Clarpro Unspecified concentrates Colortech (U.S.1
CHEXICAL TYPE CONPANY PRODUCT DETAILS
For blow moulding and injection moulding. thene, and Clarpro for polypropylene.
END USE TRADE NAME(S) CHENICAL TYPE COMPANY
LUBRICANT FOR PVC Max Wax ES High melting synthetic wax Best Color & Chemical Co. (U.S.)
PRODUCT DEX'AILS
Functions as an internal/external lubricant. polystyrene, acetal and polyolefin films.
Clarene
is for poly-
Used in ABS,
Cont./...... ADDITIVES FOR POLYMERS
01988 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam.188/$0.00 + 2.20 Nopart ofthis publication may bereproduced, stored in a retrieval system.
or transmitted by an> form OF by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying. recording or otherwise. wlthotlt the pnor pt‘rrn~as~on of the publishers (Readers in the U S.A. - please see special regulations listed on back mvw )
UV AGEING OF LLDPE
This paper by BP Chemie deals with UV ageing of LLDPE films with and without UV stabilizer. Pure LLDPE and LDPE, and blends of these two materials have been compared by outdoor exposure Parameters influencing or artificial ageing in a Xenotest 150. the lifetime of LLDPE films have been examined, such as film thickness, melt index and catalyst residue level of LLDPE, nature (butene-1,4-methylpentene-1, hexene-l), and of the comonomer backing during outdoor exposure. Plast. & Rubb. Proc. & Appl., 1987, 8, (11, 23-27
FLY ASH AS EXTENDER IN POLYESTERS
A fraction of the fly ash produced by Hungarian power stations comprises hollow microspheres which has been found suitable for use as an extender in glass reinforced polyester composites Some 20-50X can without further purification or refinement. be incorporated without detriment to rigidity within the composite.
J. Cell. Plast., 1987, 23, (41, 399
D~~DATION ANb APING OF POLYMERS
There have been two major symposia on this subject during the past year, one in the U.K., which was organized by the Croups within the Society of the Chemical Industry, and one in the U.S. sponsored by the SPI. The U.K. conference contained a number of academic papers on the theory of polymer degradation and practical considerations which are pertinent to an overall understanding of the subject. Much work is being done to design stabilizer and antioxidant systems which possess long-term performance, particularly in "leaching environments," and this work will almost certainly involve the insolubilization of chemical additives in the polymer by valence bond attachment. The U.S. symposium focussed on the utilisation of polymer degradation to satisfy environmental needs. Papers showed the various ways in which plastics can be made to degrade in a controlled fashion and gave details of degradable plastics that are commercially available for packaging products, etc. The President of the SPI sounded a note of caution in his address saying that several questions must be carefully examined before it can be determined whether degradability is truly feasible and not just technically possible; for instance, what are appropriate applicaIn what types of products would the desirability of tions? degradability outweigh the need for durability or integrity? What effect would chemical modifications in a polymer have on the ability of a food or beverage package to ensure safety from What impact would chemical modificamicrobial contamination? What would tions have on the recyclability of these polymers?
Cont./...... ADDlTlVES
FOR
POLYMERS
Q1988
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam./W$O.OO + 2.20 No part of this publication may be reproduced. stored in a retrieval system. or transmitted means, electronic. mechanical. photocopying, recording or otherwise. wthout the prior (Readers in the US A.-please see special regulations listed on back cover.)
by any form or by any
permlsslc,n ofthe publishers
Vol. 18, No. 1, Page 4
be the by-products of decomposition of these materials? And finally, what would be the true effects of degradable plastics on easing litter problems or landfill burdens?
MATERIALS END USE TRADE NAME(S) CHEMICAL TYPE COMPANY
IMPACT MODIFIER Rican 150 Liquid polybutadiene Colorado Chemical Specialities
PRODUCT DEX'AILS
Recommended for use in polypropylene, polythene and EPDM, in automotive components. Possesses low temperature impact resistance.
END USE TRADE NAME(S)
IMPACT MODIFIER 1) Ricon 131MA 2) Rican 184MA 1) A low vinyl polybutadiene maleic adduct 2) Polybutadiene/styrene maleic adduct Colorado Chemical Specialities
CHEXICAL TYPE CONFANY PRODUCT DETAILS
131MA is a developmental product, designed to improve the low184MA acts temperature impact strength of nylon components. as a compatibilising agent between polycarbonate and EPDM and between silicone and unsaturated polyester.
END USE TRADE NAME(S)
PROCESSING AID FY)RPOLYOLEFINES Clarene Clarpro Unspecified concentrates Colortech (U.S.1
CHEXICAL TYPE CONPANY PRODUCT DETAILS
For blow moulding and injection moulding. thene, and Clarpro for polypropylene.
END USE TRADE NAME(S) CHENICAL TYPE COMPANY
LUBRICANT FOR PVC Max Wax ES High melting synthetic wax Best Color & Chemical Co. (U.S.)
PRODUCT DEX'AILS
Functions as an internal/external lubricant. polystyrene, acetal and polyolefin films.
Clarene
is for poly-
Used in ABS,
Cont./...... ADDITIVES FOR POLYMERS
01988 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam.188/$0.00 + 2.20 Nopart ofthis publication may bereproduced, stored in a retrieval system.
or transmitted by an> form OF by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying. recording or otherwise. wlthotlt the pnor pt‘rrn~as~on of the publishers (Readers in the U S.A. - please see special regulations listed on back mvw )